Experiments to Control Atom Number and Phase-Space Density in ...

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[121] D. Jaksch, H.-J. Briegel, J.I. Cirac, C.W. Gardiner, and P. Zoller. Entanglement of atoms via cold controlled collisions. Phys. Rev. Lett., 82:1975, 1999. [122] D. Jaksch, J.I. Cirac, P. Zoller, S.L. Rolston, R. Cote, and M.D. Lukin. Fast Quantum Gates for Neutral Atoms. Phys. Rev. Lett., 85:2208, 2000. [123] G.K. Brennen, C.M. Caves, P.S. Jessen, I.H. Deutsch. Quantum Logic Gates in Optical Lattices. Phys. Rev. Lett., 82:1060, 1999. [124] L.You and M.S. Chapman. Quantum entanglement using trapped atomic spins. Phys. Rev. A, 62:052302, 2000. [125] M.D. Lukin and P.R. Hemmer. Quantum Entanglement via Optical Control of Atom-Atom Interactions. Phys. Rev. Lett., 84:2818, 2000. [126] J. Mompart, K. Eckert, W. Ertmer, G. Birkl, and M. Lewenstein. Quantum Computing with Spatially Delocalized Qubits. Phys. Rev. Lett., 90:147901, 2003. [127] H. Katori, M. Takamoto, V.G. Pal’chikov, and V.D. Ovsiannikov. Ultrastable Optical Clock with Neutral Atoms in an Engineered Light Shift Trap. Phys. Rev. Lett., 91:173005, 2003. [128] M. Takamoto, F.-L. Hong, R. Higashi, and H. Katori. An optical lattice clock. Nature, 435:03541, 2005. [129] H. Katori, K. Hashiguchi, E.Y. Il’inova, and V.D. Ovsiannikov. Magic Wavelength to Make Optical Lattice Clocks Insensitive to Atomic Motion. Phys. Rev. Lett., 103:153004, 2009. [130] A. Brusch, R. Le Targat, X. Baillard, M. Fouche, and P. Lemonde. Hyperpo- larizability Effects in a Sr Optical Lattice Clock. Phys. Rev. Lett., 96:103003, 2006. [131] M. Takamoto and H. Katori. Spectroscopy of the 1 S0- 3 P0 Clock Transition of 87 Sr in an Optical Lattice. Phys. Rev. Lett., 91:223001, 2003. 189
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Copyright by Kirsten Viering 2012
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Experiments to Control Atom Number
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Acknowledgments First of all, I wou
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Experiments to Control Atom Number
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Table of Contents Acknowledgments v
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Chapter 7. Lithium Apparatus 92 7.1
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List of Tables 2.1 Physical propert
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4.1 Vacuum chamber . . . . . . . .
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7.39 Future vertical axis optics .
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The development of techniques to la
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Ptorr 10 5 10 6 10 7 10 8 10 9 260
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Property Symbol Value Reference Ato
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2.3.2 Hyperfine Structure So far th
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The Wigner-Eckhart theorem can be u
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The total magnetic moment of an ato
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interaction. The shift in the energ
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(a) (b) scattering length a 0 Energ
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a laser field with frequency ω. Th
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Here ω0 is the resonance frequency
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Optical molasses do not provide a s
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J=1 J=0 -1 Δ σ + σ - σ - 0 +1 -
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phase-space density is defined as
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which maintains a constant η = U/k
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2.12.1 Saturated Absorption Spectro
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Figure 2.22: Saturation absorption
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Signal 0 Signal (a) (b) Signal Freq
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(a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 2.24: Absorp
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y more complex energy level structu
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ight side of the box. An irreversib
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time (a) (b) (c) Figure 3.3: Single
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them to move from B to A, but close
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Figure 4.1: Vacuum chamber. Photogr
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( ( Figure 4.3: Helicoflex seal. (a
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88 mm 4.2.3 Auxiliary Coils 62 mm Q
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5 2 P 3/2 5 2 S 1/2 384. 230 484 46
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distribution of the MOT master lase
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shifts. First a frequency shift of
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transition. However, the laser freq
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4.3.1.4 Upper MOT Horizontal Slave
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provides the beam for the upper MOT
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demon beam λ λ horizontal MOT bea
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scholar, Florian Schreck. It is wri
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Atoms are then optically pumped to
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ferred into the |F = 1,mF = 0〉 or
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5.2 Branching Ratios and Population
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effect of the reflected beam at zer
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y the repulsive trough beams, gaini
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Figure 5.9: Atom number as a functi
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Figure 5.10: Radius of the magnetic
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on the collision rate of atoms insi
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ferred via the single-photon coolin
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By comparison an atomic Fock state
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of atoms in the two hyperfine groun
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difference in the lifetimes is dete
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Chapter 7 Lithium Apparatus Creatin
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angle valve rotary feedthrough ion
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an ion gauge controller (Granville
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viewports (MDC, 450002) are attache
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not trapped by the MOT impinge on t
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Should contamination of the vacuum
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Figure 7.12: The assembled Zeeman s
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7.2.2 MOT Coils A second set of coi
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BGauss 250 200 150 100 50 30 20 10
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are required to create the high mag
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The coils are then checked for shor
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+ B A Figure 7.23: Feshbach coil H-
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ensure that no particulates build u
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118 Figure 7.26: Optical layout of
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The error signal shows three lines,
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into the CO2 laser. The optical lay
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Thorlabs PDA10A Coupler ZDC-10-1 to
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Imaging ber Imaging ber from Imagin
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Table 7.4 summarizes the beam power
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CO2 laser 40 MHz AOM f=2 in f=2 in
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132 Figure 7.38: Optical layout aro
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Feshbach coil objective lenses atom
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MOT beams are no longer traveling a
Page 155 and 156: The second card (NI6733) offers eig
Page 157 and 158: Averaging over the magnetic subleve
Page 159 and 160: 2 2 P 3/2 D 2=670.977nm 2 2 S 1/2 m
Page 161 and 162: The right hand side of equation 7.1
Page 163 and 164: = E0 1 −n2 √2 exp σ0 ± iE0
Page 165 and 166: esidual potentials besides gravitat
Page 167 and 168: Figure 8.1: MOT loading. Typical lo
Page 169 and 170: A linear ramp typically changes the
Page 171 and 172: A typical MOT is density-limited at
Page 173 and 174: ubidium [113-115] and cesium[116].
Page 175 and 176: that most of the noise is due to th
Page 177 and 178: (a) (c) y . x z X=0.0mm Z=2.5mm 1)
Page 179 and 180: Figure 8.11: Different shapes of MO
Page 181 and 182: ZnSe lens f=5 in knife edge ZnSe wi
Page 183 and 184: shown in figure 8.13. By matching t
Page 185 and 186: Figure 8.15: Atom number and temper
Page 187 and 188: 275 Hz. Using these values the beam
Page 189 and 190: system. Maybe the easiest way to ac
Page 191 and 192: Appendix A Magic Wavelength of Hydr
Page 193 and 194: transitions for the excited state p
Page 195 and 196: Bibliography [1] J.J. Thomson. Cath
Page 197 and 198: [22] C.J. Foot. Atomic Physics. Oxf
Page 199 and 200: [46] E.D. Black. An introduction to
Page 201 and 202: [67] J.L. Hanssen. Controlling Atom
Page 203 and 204: [88] D.S. Naik, C.G. Peterson, A.G.
Page 205: [110] J.W. Goodman. Introduction to
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