FOC_25_Epidendroidea..

458
EPIDENDROIDEAE
suborbicular; rostellum large, raised, laterally compressed, fleshy, with a longitudinal furrow along its edge into which stipe and
dorsally placed pollinia recline; anther cap subglobose, apex beaked; pollinia 4, as 2 unequal pollen masses, waxy, compressed
globose, separate, each with a short caudicle, attached to a common long stipe and a small, ovate viscidium.
About 11 species: from China and India to Indonesia; two species (one endemic) in China.
1a. Inflorescence longer than leaves; anther cap ca. 3 mm, longer than wide, apex narrowed and long beaked ............ 1. S. smithiana
1b. Inflorescence shorter than leaves; anther cap ca. 1.5 mm, wider than long, apex not long beaked ....................... 2. S. magnirostris
1. Sarcoglyphis smithiana (Kerr) Seidenfaden, Opera Bot. 114:
383. 1992 [“smithianus”].
大喙兰 da hui lan
Sarcanthus smithianus Kerr, J. Siam Soc., Nat. Hist. Suppl.
9: 239. 1933; Sarcoglyphis yunnanensis Z. H. Tsi.
Stems 2–5 cm, enclosed in persistent leaf sheaths. Leaves
narrowly oblong or slightly falcate-oblong, 11–19 × 1.5–2 cm,
obtuse and unequally bilobed. Inflorescence racemose, rarely
paniculate, pendulous, longer than leaves, many flowered; peduncle
with 3 or 4 bractlike sheaths; rachis slender; floral bracts
ovate, small, ca. 1 mm, acute. Flowers small, white, tinged with
purple, lip purple; pedicel and ovary 5–8 mm. Dorsal sepal
oblong, cymbiform, ca. 4.5 × 3 mm, obtuse; lateral sepals
obliquely ovate, ca. 4.5 × 3.5 mm, obtuse. Petals oblong, ca. 4 ×
1.2 mm, obtuse; lip spurred, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, subtriangular,
apex rounded; mid-lobe slightly fleshy, middle dilated
and transversely oblong, beaked toward apex; spur subconic,
ca. 3 mm, apex obtuse, interior slightly septate, with a laterally
compressed callus on back wall; callus deeply grooved centrally,
with 2 small hornlike projections, base densely minutely
papillate. Column ca. 1.5 mm; rostellum ± oblong, ca. 1.5 mm.
Fl. Apr.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in evergreen broad-leaved forests; 500–
700 m. S Yunnan [Laos, Thailand, N Vietnam].
2. Sarcoglyphis magnirostris Z. H. Tsi, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23:
387. 1985 [“Sarcoglyphia”].
短帽大喙兰 duan mao da hui lan
163. CLEISOSTOMA Blume, Bijdr. 362. 1825.
隔距兰属 ge ju lan shu
Chen Xinqi (陈心启 Chen Sing-chi); Jeffrey J. Wood
Stems ascending, 1–4 cm, ca. 1 cm in diam., usually 3–5leaved.
Leaves oblong, usually 14–16 × 1.8–2 cm, unequally bilobed.
Inflorescence pendulous, racemose, shorter than leaves,
unbranched, sparsely many flowered; rachis purplish black;
floral bracts ovate-triangular, ca. 1 mm, acute. Flowers whitish,
tinged with purplish red or purple, spur white, rostellum yellowish
white, apex of anther cap yellowish brown with 2 purple
stripes; pedicel and ovary pale purple, ca. 1 cm. Dorsal
sepal ovate-elliptic, 4–5 × 3–3.5 mm, rounded; lateral sepals
obliquely ovate, slightly larger than dorsal sepal, obtuse. Petals
oblong, ca. 4 × 2 mm, obtuse; lip slightly fleshy, 3-lobed; lateral
lobes erect, nearly suborbicular; mid-lobe broadly ligulate, ca. 3
× 3.2 mm, concave at center above, apex subtruncate; spur subconic,
ca. 3 mm, apex rounded, inside slightly septate, with a
callus on back wall; callus subquadrate, grooved centrally. Column
stout; rostellum suborbicular, much higher than clinandrium;
anther cap nearly triangular, ca. 1.5 mm. Fl. May.
● Epiphytic on tree trunks in forests along valleys; ca. 800 m. S
Yunnan.
Sarcanthus Lindley (1826), not Lindley (1824).
Herbs, epiphytic or rarely lithophytic, monopodial, small to medium-sized. Stems erect or pendulous, rarely creeping, long or
short, rigid, branched or unbranched, many noded. Leaves few to many, distichous, dorsiventrally flattened or terete, base usually
jointed and sheathing, apex bilobed or acute. Inflorescence racemose or paniculate, lateral, axillary or opposite leaves, erect, horizontal,
or pendulous, few to many flowered; floral bracts small, much shorter than pedicel and ovary. Flowers small, ± fleshy. Sepals
free, usually spreading. Petals free, often smaller than sepals; lip adnate to column by its base or back margins of lateral lobes, immovable,
spurred at base, 3-lobed; disk often with longitudinal lamellae or ridges; spur conic, cylindric, or saccate, often longitudinally
septate inside, rarely septum reduced to a narrow keel, usually with a callus on back wall and often with outgrowths on front
wall closing entrance. Column short, stout, foot short; rostellum small; pollinia 4, appearing as 2 unequal masses, waxy, subglobose,
with a common stipe and a solitary small and subglobose to broad and horseshoe-shaped viscidium.
About 100 species: Sri Lanka, India, mainland SE Asia, Malaysia, and Indonesia to the Philippines, New Guinea, Pacific islands, and Australia;
16 species (four endemic) in China.
1a. Leaves cylindric or subcylindric, terete, 2–3 mm in diam.
2a. Leaves 6–11 cm.
3a. Column with apical stelidia, glabrous; stipe broadly ovate-triangular or miter-shaped; viscidium
crescent-shaped ......................................................................................................................................... 12. C. williamsonii
3b. Column without stelidia, densely hairy at base in front; stipe nearly suborbicular; viscidium
U-shaped .......................................................................................................................................................... 15. C. simondii
2b. Leaves 17–33 cm.