FOC_25_Epidendroidea..

EPIDENDROIDEAE
with black- or brown-edged imbricate sheaths, base sheathing and articulate. Inflorescence terminal, usually globose heads on an
elongate axis, or in a panicle, surrounded by bracts, often densely many flowered, rarely reduced to a few flowers or a solitary
flower. Flowers resupinate, white or yellow, occasionally reddish, small, often self-pollinating. Sepals and petals free. Lateral sepals
forming a mentum containing saccate lip base. Petals narrower than sepals; lip entire or 3-lobed, saccate base divided from blade by
a transverse partition, forming hypochile and epichile; hypochile saccate at base, often with callus inside. Column short or rather
long, foot rudimentary; anther incumbent; pollinia 8, waxy, usually with short caudicle, commonly attached to a solitary viscidium;
stigma suborbicular, concave, large; rostellum conspicuous, subtriangular.
Between 40 and 50 species: Old World tropics from the Seychelles and tropical Asia east to the Pacific islands, with the center of distribution in
New Guinea; two species in China.
1a. Leaves 4–8 mm wide; flowers ± tinged with purplish red; petals broadly subrhombic-elliptic .................................. 1. A. callosum
1b. Leaves 1.5–2.5 mm wide; flowers white, later turning yellow; petals linear ......................................................... 2. A. inocephalum
1. Agrostophyllum callosum H. G. Reichenbach in Seemann,
Fl. Vit. 296. 1868.
禾叶兰 he ye lan
Plants 30–60 cm tall or taller. Rhizome creeping, 3–4 mm
in diam. Stems borne 1–2 cm apart on rhizome, erect, slender,
terete below middle, ± compressed above, unbranched, with
many distichous leaves. Leaf blade grasslike, 8–13(–17) × 0.4–
0.8 cm, papery, attenuate gradually from base to apex, unequally
bilobed, sheathing at base; sheaths tubular, 2–3.5 cm,
margin black membranous. Inflorescence terminal, subcapitate,
1–2 cm in diam., densely several to 10-flowered; floral bracts
cymbiform, suboblong, 0.5–2 cm. Flowers reddish or white and
tinged with purplish red; pedicel very short; ovary 5–6 mm.
Dorsal sepal orbicular, ca. 4 mm; lateral sepals broadly ovateorbicular,
ca. 4 × 5 mm, base embracing lip. Petals subrhombicelliptic,
ca. 2.5 × 3 mm, base contracted; lip ± broadly oblong,
ca. 3.5 mm, slightly contracted at middle, base shallowly saccate,
inside with a callus; callus laterally 2-branched. Column
ca. 2 mm. Capsule ellipsoid, ca. 5 × 3.5 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul–
Aug. 2n = 38, 40.
Epiphytic on trees in dense forests; 900–2400 m. NE and SW
Hainan, SE Xizang, S Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India, Myanmar, Nepal,
Thailand, Vietnam].
363
2. Agrostophyllum inocephalum (Schauer) Ames, Orchidaceae
2: 148. 1908.
台湾禾叶兰 tai wan he ye lan
135. APPENDICULA Blume, Bijdr. 297. 1825.
牛齿兰属 niu chi lan shu
Chen Xinqi (陈心启 Chen Sing-chi); Jeffrey J. Wood
Diploconchium inocephalum Schauer, Nov. Actorum
Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1): 428. 1843;
Agrostophyllum formosanum Rolfe.
Plants 20–40 cm tall. Stems tufted, slender at base, dilated
gradually upward, internodes ca. 4 cm, enclosed by persistent
leaf sheaths. Leaf blade linear, 15–25 × 1.5–2.5 cm, apex obtuse
and often unequally bilobed, sheathing at base; sheaths
persistent, somewhat conduplicate, 4–5 cm, rigid. Inflorescence
terminal, capitate, 1.5–2.5 cm in diam., branched, many flowered,
each branch 2- or 3-flowered; floral bracts many. Flowers
white or turning yellow later, small; pedicel and ovary ca. 7
mm. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, 4–5 × 2–2.5 mm, rounded; lateral
sepals ovate, ca. 4.5 × 2–2.5 mm, acute. Petals linear, ca.
3.5 × 1 mm; lip ca. 4 mm, slightly contracted and with a transverse
ridge at middle, forming a subglobose sac at base and a
concave limb above middle. Column 3–4 mm. Fl. Feb–Mar.
Epiphytic on trees in evergreen forests. S Taiwan [Philippines].
Herbs, epiphytic, lithophytic, or rarely terrestrial. Stems tufted, erect or pendulous, often ± compressed, slender, with many
nodes, simple or branched, pseudobulbs absent, enclosed in persistent basal sheaths of leaves. Leaves many, distichous, flat, often
twisted at base so that blades all lie in one plane, with tubular amplexicaul sheaths at base, articulate. Inflorescences terminal, lateral,
or both, usually rather short, sometimes shortened and capitate, few to many flowered; floral bracts persistent. Flowers resupinate,
white or greenish, very small. Sepals free; lateral sepals adnate at base to column foot forming a mentum. Petals often slightly smaller
than dorsal sepal; lip adnate at base to column foot, unlobed or sometimes slightly 3-lobed, base saccate, apex recurved, adaxially
with a round or concave basal appendage, sometimes lengthened into small keels, sometimes with a medium keel or callus on distal
surface or mid-lobe. Column stout, with long and broad foot; anther subterminal, erect; pollinia 6, waxy, subclavate, in 2 groups, on a
slender solitary forked caudicle or 2 separate ones, attached to a common viscidium; rostellum erect, large, often 2-lobed.
About 60 species: tropical Asia to Oceania, mainly in Indonesia and New Guinea; four species in China.
1a. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, ca. 5 cm, apex acuminate and shallowly bilobed; lip with a hairy appendage ...................... 3. A. fenixii
1b. Leaves oblong to narrowly ovate-elliptic, 1–4 cm, apex obtuse or rounded and shallowly bilobed; lip with a
glabrous appendage.
2a. Adaxial surface of lip with a lamellate appendage in distal half and another appendage near base ....................... 1. A. cornuta
2b. Adaxial surface of lip with only one appendage near base or middle.