(2009): Lichens in Scandinavia known mainly from Norwegian type ...

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GRAPHIS SCRIPTA 21 (2009) Lichens mainly known from Norwegian types 14 Figure 12. Polyblastia terrigena, from illustration in Rabenhorst Kryptogamenflora. Polyblastia terrigena Zschacke Type: Norway, Troms, Målselven, J. M. Norman (type not located). Since the type is missing it is difficult to evaluate this taxon. The description is quite short, pointing out a close relationship with the saxicolous P. verrucosa from which it should differ mainly in the form of the involucrellum (Fig. 12), a character of little value in our opinion. However, according to S. Savić (pers. comm.) it might be one of the few examples of a terricolous member of the Thelidium-group where this character might be of importance. The rediscovery of a specimen either in the herbarium or in the field is, however, necessary to settle the matter. Pyrenopsis reducta Th.Fr. Type: Norway, Tromsø, Fløjfjellet, 1860, Th. M. Fries (UPS!, holotype). This small species appears superficially to be a poorly developed form of Pyrenopsis haematina and it is accordingly mostly overlooked or passed by as “immature”. However, detailed studies (Jørgensen 2007) have shown that it is not even closely related to that species, and it was therefore accepted as a distinct species. Other material included by Santesson et al. (2004) proved to be incorrectly identified. It has not been recollected in the type locality recently. Rinodina malangica (Norman) Arnold Type: Norway, Troms, Målselven, J. M. Norman (O!, holotype of Rinodina leprosa * malangica). This is a well-defined, insignificant species (see Mayrhofer & Moberg 2002), which is easily overlooked, particularly when sterile, and since it is very similar to R. colobina. It has not been recollected in the type locality recently or in any other Scandinavian locality, which is quite surprising since there appears to be plenty of habitats where it might grow. It is quite common in the Alps on Rhododendron ferrugineum, a species not found in our region, but the type was collected on Alnus. Its rarity in our region is hardly real, and it should be searched for on subalpine bushes with acidic bark. Thelidium scotodes (Nyl.) Arnold Type: Norway, Troms, Lyngenfjorden, Norrlin (H-NYL 2135!, holotype of Verrucaria scotodes Nyl.). This is an inconspicuous species in the T. zwackhii complex, though combining the characters (small fruitbodies with basal involucrellum and rather large, mainly 3septate spores, Fig. 13) in such a way that it gives the impression of being a well-defined species, the rarity of which may be caused by its anonymous appearance. It may be a maritime species, which is rare in this genus Figure 13. Thelidium scotodes, drawing by A. Orange attatched to the type specimen.
15 Per Magnus Jørgensen & Anders Nordin GRAPHIS SCRIPTA 21 (2009) (only the clearly different Japanese T. pacifica Harada is known to us), though the original label does not clearly indicate that it grew on the shore, only by the fjord. However, the accompanying species indicates a seepage rock in the aerohaline zone. It has not been recollected in the type locality recently, which is urgently needed as it may prove to be an unusual, specialized species in its genus. Thelidium sordidum Th.Fr. Type: Norway, Finnmark, Varanger, Aldsok, 1868, Th. M. Fries (UPS!, holotype, Fig. 14). According to Orange, who revised the type specimen, this is probably an overmature specimen of a Verrucaria species of the V. murorum group, normally with simple spores. Since V. murorum is much more southern in Scandinavia the identity of the type specimen remains obscure. Thelidium xyloderma Norman Type: Norway, Opland, Land, Aavella, 1880, J. M. Norman (S!, holotype). The type is a non-lichenized fungus growing on lignum covered by an algal sheet. This is accordingly no lichen. Thrombium ebeneum Norman Type: Norway, Vestfold, Larvik, Jordfalden, 1882, J. M. Norman (UPS!, holotype?). This species was established by Norman (1884) on the basis of its blackish green pigmentation of the fruitbody wall and the 4-spored asci (also observed by us), which separates it from T. epigaeum, a combination of independent characters which normally would indicate an autonomous species. Since it, however, has not been collected anywhere else, this establishes doubt as to whether it was an accidental variation of that species. The matter can only be conclusively solved when more material is discovered, so a search in the region is urgently required. There ought to be another specimen Figure 14. Thelidium sordidum, drawing by A. Orange attatched to the type specimen. in a Norwegian herbarium, so we are uncertain about the status of the one found in UPS, where Norman usually did not place his types. Verrucaria atlantica (H.Magn.) Type: Norway, Rogaland, Randaberg, 1939, A. H. Magnusson 16858 (UPS!, isotype for Dermatocarpon atlanticum H.Magn., Fig. 15). This interesting species has had a chequered nomenclatural history. When describing it Magnusson (1949) was obviously unaware of the older Dermatocarpon atlanticum Werner. Werner (1951) then introduced a new name, Dermatocarpon magnussonii. Unaware of that, Magnusson (1952) presented another substitute, Dermatocarpon litorale. The combination into Verrucaria (Santesson et al. 2004) was fortunately not formally made. As seen above, the basionym is illegitimate and the species appears not to belong in Verrucaria s.str., as understood by Gueidan et al. (2007). As pointed out by Breuss (1990), it is closest related to ‘Dermatocarpon’ norrlandicum H.Magn., a rare and poorly understood species only known from its type specimen from Lycksele Lappmark, Sweden. A third species in this group in our region, Dermatocarpon nuoljae H.Magn., is also only known from its type (from Torne Lappmark). The whole group is in urgent need of recollection and study, as it is difficult to evaluate the taxonomy based on these three specimens, and the material is too old for molecular studies. V. atlantica, though, appears to be rather distantly related to the two
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(2009): Lichens in Scandinavia known mainly from Norwegian type ...

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