(2009): Lichens in Scandinavia known mainly from Norwegian type ...

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GRAPHIS SCRIPTA 21 (2009) Lichens mainly known from Norwegian types 10 Lecidea hardangeriana H.Magn. Type: Norway, Finse, Hardangerjøkelen, alt. 1250–1300 m, 1925, E. Frey 13606 (UPS! holotype). TLC: miriquidic acid. The poorly developed specimen shows close resemblance to Lecidea subplumbea Anzi according to H. Hertel (pers. comm.), a name which most probably is a synonym of Miriquidica griseoatra, a rather variabel species in the poorly understood arctic-alpine M. leucophaea complex (see Hertel & Rambold 1987). We can confirm that the holotype belongs in Miriquidica as it exhibits all the characters of that genus as defined by Hertel & Rambold (1987). More material is necessary to evaluate the taxonomy at species level, and we suspect this will prove to fall within the variation of a more widespread taxon. Lecidea ileiformis Fr. Type: Norway, Dovre, M. N. Blytt (UPS!, holotype). TLC: Atranorin, psoromic and stictic acids, zeorin. This is a lecidioid member of the Lecanoraceae, and although it has a terricolous habitat, we regard it as a Calvitimela because of the internal characters of the apothecia. The spores (9–12 × 4–7 µm) falls within the variation given by Haugan & Timdal (1994) for C. aglaea, but the chemistry differs. At the moment it is best regarded as a further chemotype of that species, but this variation is in need of further studies Lecidea invenusta H.Magn. Type: Norway, Granvin, near the top of Smøreggen, 1947, J. J. Havaas (UPS!, holotype). TLC: miriquidic acid. This type is in a rather poor condition and much eaten by snails. The remaining thallus contains, however, miriqidic acid and the specimen certainly belongs in the Miriquidica leucophaea complex, just as Lecidea hardangeriana. Lecidea ludificans H.Magn. Type: Norway, Oppland, Jotunheimen, at the top of Galdhøpiggen, alt. 2468 m, 1947, G. Degelius (UPS!, holotype, Fig. 8). TLC: norstictic acid. This is a characteristic species with shining brown thallus and distinct, thick exciple (to about 100 µm) on the large, flat apothecia. It is certainly a member of the Lecidea praenubila complex, but stands out as most distinct among the many closely related, variable species (cf. Hertel 1977). It has not been recollected recently, certainly because of the rather inaccessable locality on the top of Scandinavia’s highest mountain. It is remarkable that two such rare species with arctic-alpine relationships are found there (see also L. altissima above), a fact which strongly indicates that this high mountain was an ice-free nunatak, at least for parts of the quarternary glaciation. Curiously this has not been one of the peaks included in the heated debate among botanists and Figure 8. Lecidea ludificans, part of holotype. Bar = 2 mm.
11 Per Magnus Jørgensen & Anders Nordin GRAPHIS SCRIPTA 21 (2009) geologists on nunataks, probably since it does not harbour a particularly interesting flora of flowering plants (Jørgensen 1932). A. Nesje (pers. comm.) has informed us that Galdhøpiggen indeed was a nunatak, and we accordingly regard Lecidea altissima and L. ludificans as the most likely endemic Norwegian lichens, though we cannot outrule that they have been overlooked or are undetected on other high peaks outside Norway. Lecidea mougeotinoides H.Magn. Type: Norway, Møre og Romsdal, Synnylven, Geiranger, alt. 100 m, 1947, A. H. Magnusson 20805a (UPS!, holotype). TLC: no substances detected. Most probably an Adelolecia, according to H. Hertel (pers. comm.), but certainly distinct from A. kolaënsis (Nyl.) Hertel & Rambold, a matter needing further study on preferably richer material. Lecidea sarcodea Nyl. Type: Sør-Trøndelag, Dovre, Kindberg (H- NYL 21337, holotype, non vidi). Unfortunately the type has been mislaid in H (O. Vitikainen, pers. comm.) and has accordingly not been available for study. Th. M. Fries (1871: 428), who had not seen the type, suspected that it would hardly prove to be more than a variety of Biatora vernalis, differing in the plane apothecia and larger spores. Even Degelius (1957), who referred one Icelandic specimen to Lecidea sarcodea and then studied the type, expressed some doubt about its taxonomic status. The habitat (alpine heath) and the very large spores (18–34 × 7–8 µm) rules, however, out that it belongs in Biatora vernalis. According to C. Printzen (pers. comm.) it might be a Bryonora. Indeed, Degelius’ Icelandic material (UPS) proved to be a Bryonora. From the ecology and the spore-size it is reasonable to conclude that Nylander’s name may represent Bryonora curvescens, a species that is known to occur in the Dovre-region (Högsnyta, 1863, Th. M. Fries, UPS) and L. sarcodea would then be a synonym of that name. Irrespective of its nomenclature, which can only be settled conclusively when the type is refound, Lecidea sarcodea is certainly not resticted to Dovre, but the species has a wide arctic-alpine distribution (Holtan-Hartwig 1991: 301–305). Lecidea subapplanata H.Magn. Type: Norway, Møre og Romsdal, Grytten, Trollstien, alt. 850 m, 1947, A. H. Magnusson 20721 (UPS!, holotype). TLC: miriquidic acid. A rather unusual crustose species which is difficult to place. It is certainly not a Lecidea s.str. The immersed to sessile, aspicilioid apothecia with porpidioid asci, suggest the genus Immersaria, but the thallus contains miriquidic acid and a closer examination of the asci revealed an apical apparatus typical of Miriquidica (lacking a distinct central channel). It is somewhat similar to Miriquidica complanata (Körber) Hertel & Rambold but has a brownish red pigment (K+ intensifying) in the hypothecium. The material is rather scanty, so further collections are necessary to resolve the matter fully. Lecidea subreagens H.Magn. Type: Norway, Troms, Tromsø, Lyngen, Mikkelvik, 1915, B. Lynge (O?, not located). The identity of this species can only be judged when the type is refound, but Magnusson’s (1930) rather detailed description indicates that it hardly belongs to Lecidea s.str. Magnusson compares the thallus to that of L. armeniaca and later claims that the relationship is uncertain, but that the species appears closest to L. (Biatora) cheiloplaca Vain. Lecidea tuberculifera H.Magn. Type: Norway, Akershus, Aker, Sjådalen, 1947, A. H. Magnusson (UPS!, holotype). TLC: atranorin and zeorin.
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