Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)

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A taxonomic study of the lichen genus Micarea in Europe Brian John Coppins ](i, Royal Botanic Garden, Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR Contents Synopsis 18 Historical background 19 Lecideaceae 19 Micarea 20 Materials 20 Methods 21 Field studies 21 Light microscopy 21 Thin-layer chromatography 21 Nomenclature 21 Morphology 22 Thallus 22 Phycobionts 25 Cephalodia 25 Apothecia: external features 26 Apothecia: internal features 30 Anamorphs (conidial states) 63 Chemistry 84 Lichen substances 84 Pigments 87 Ecology 88 General habitats 88 Specific habitats 90 Distribution 93 Britain 93 Europe 94 World 96 The genus Micarea 96 Intergeneric considerations 97 Suprageneric considerations 98 Infrageneric considerations 99 Keys to species 100 Guide to keys & identifications 100 Key to European species 101 Key to European species that may occur without apothecia 107 The species 108 1. M. adnata 108 2. M. alabastrites HO 3. M. anterior 112 4. M. assimilata 114 5 . M. bauschiana 6. M. botryoides 118 7. M. cinerea 121 8. M.contexta • 124 9. M. crassipes 125 10. M.curvata 126 Bull. Br. Mas. nat. Hist. (Bot.) 11 (2): 17-214 ~ W. u-^^ H^ Issued 29 September 1983
. 18 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS 11. M.denigrata 127 12. M. elachista 131 13. M. eximia 134 14. M. globulosella 134 15. M.hedlundii 135 16. M. incrassata 137 17. M. intrusa 138 18. M.leprosula 140 19. M.lignaria 142 20. M.lithinella 147 21. M.lutulata 148 22. M. melaena 150 23. M. melaenida 154 24. M. melaeniza 155 25. M. melanobola 156 26. M.misella 158 27. M. muhrii 160 28. M. myriocarpa 161 29. M.nigella 163 30. M. nitschkeana 165 31 M. olivacea 167 32. M. osloensis 169 33. M. peliocarpa 169 34. M. prasina 173 35. M. pycnidiophora 179 36. M. rhabdogena 181 37. M.stipitata 182 38. M. subleprosula 182 39. M.subnigrata 183 40. M. subviolascens 185 41 M. sylvicola 186 42. M. synotheoides 188 43. M. ternaria 190 44 M. tuberculata 192 45. M.turfosa 194 Excluded taxa 196 Index to exsiccatae 203 Acknowledgements 206 References 207 Index 210 Synopsis A taxonomic revision is presented for the lichen genus Micarea in Europe, with special emphasis on those species occurring in the British Isles. In brief, this genus is here circumscribed to include most crustose Hchens with lecideine (biatorine) apothecia, a poorly defined excipulum (sometimes absent altogether) of radiating paraphysis-like hyphae, a non-granular epithecium, Lecanora-type, 8-spored asci, simple to multiseptate, hyaline ascospores, and a 'grass-green' phycobiont usually of the so-called 'micareoid' type. Comparisons and possible relationships with similar genera are discussed. Noteworthy discoveries made during this study include the finding of cephalodia in three species, dimorphic paraphyses in several species, and a wide array of anamorphic forms, with three species each found to have three conidial states. Type studies have been made for nearly all names known, as well as those suspected, to be referable to Micarea in its present, wider concept. Forty-five species are recognised, of which 31 are confirmed from Britain. Seven species are new to science: Micarea adnata, M. curvata, M. hedlundii, M. muhrii, M. nigella, M. olivacea, and M. myriocarpa Vezda & V. Wirth ex Coppins. Several described species are included in Micarea for the first time, and additional name changes are required for nomenclatural reasons; nine new combinations result: M. assimilata (Nyl.), M. crassipes (Th.Fr.), M. elachista (Korber) Coppins «fe R. Sant. , M. globulosella (Nyl) , M. intrusa (Th.Fr.) Coppins & Kilias, M. lignaria war. endoleuca (Leigh ton) M. melaenida (Nyl.), M. melanobola (Nyl.), and M. subviolascens (Magnusson). Several taxa are ex- ,
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LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 95 T
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LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 97 a
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Infrageneric considerations LICHEN
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LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 101
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5. Micarea bauschiana (Korber) V. W
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LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE Tabl
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32. Micarea osloensis (Th. Fr.) Hed
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34. Micarea prasina Fr. LICHEN GENU
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conferanda (Lecidea) 205 confusula
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populina (Lecidea, Micarea) 31,32 p
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