Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)

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LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 203 Map 28 Psilolechia clavulifera # 1950 onwards O Before 1950 Sporacestra Massal. in Atti R. 1st. veneto Sci. Ill, 5: 264 (1860). Type species: Biatora prasina Tuck. & Mont, in Mont. (1857), non (Fr.) Trevisan (1856). Sporacestra was included as a synonym of Micarea by Vezda & Wirth (1976: 99) who confused the two quite separate applications of the name 'Biatora prasina' . The name Biatora prasina Tuck. & Mont, was introduced for a corticolous species from Venezuela with long acicular spores, and no reference was made to the 'prasina' of Fries. Similarly, Massalongo made no reference to Fries' name and his generic description (e.g. '. . . sporidii capillari aghiformi, lineari allungati . . .') clearly refers to the stated type species, ' Biatora prasina Mont., Tuck.'. The Venezuelan species was transferred to Bacidia de Not. by Zahlbruckner, but his use of the epithet 'prasina' is contrary to the present Code. From the descriptions of this species I believe it should be retained in Bacidia, pending further study. The nomenclature and required new combination for the species is as follows: Bacidia prasinata (Tuck.) Coppins, comb. nov. - Biatora prasinata Tuck, in Syn. N. Am. Lich 2: 41 (1888); nom. nov. - Bacidia prasina Tuck & Mont, in Mont, in Annls Sci. nat. IV, 8: 296 (1857), non (Fr.) Trevisan (1856). - Bacidia prasina Zahlbr., Cat. lich. univ. 4: 253 (1926); nom. illeg. (Art. 11). Type: Venezuela, on bark, Fendler (not seen). Index to exsiccatae I have attempted to examine at least one example of all European and North American material referable to Micarea and distributed in recognized exsiccatae (Lynge 1915-22, 1939; Sayre, 1969). My preliminary list was compiled from Lynge {op. cit.), available schedae, major floras
204 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS (e.g. Fries, 1874; Korber, 1855, 1859-65; Smith, 1926; Vainio, 1922, 1934) and numerous other papers dealing with species here included in Micarea. Most examples gleaned from these sources have been seen; the few not seen are listed after the main index. Herbarium locations for examined examples containing Micarea species can be found in the relevant taxonomic accounts; locations of examples not containing Micarea species are given in the index. The names on the exsiccate labels are given (in round brackets following the number) where they are taxonomically at variance with the species represented. In many cases, only one or two examples of a particular number have been seen by me, thus this index must be regarded as provisional. Some numbers listed as not containing a Micarea (e.g. Zwackh Lich. Exs. US) may well in further examples (not seen by me) contain a Micarea. In addition, some Micarea species may have been misidentified and distributed under names not connected with Micarea, and consequently overlooked in the course of this study. It should be noted that many numbers in the exsiccatae of Harmand {Lich. Loth.), Mougeot & Nestler, and Schaerer are notoriously heterogeneous with regard to species compo- sition, substratum, and locality. Most numbers in other exsiccatae are reasonably uniform in these respects but heterogenicity sometimes arises in cases where species of similar outward appearance occur together in the field (e.g. M. bauschiana-M. lutulata-M. sylvicola-M. tuberculata, and M. denigrata-M. lignaria-M. peliocarpa). During the preparation of exsiccatae the need for the careful identification of individual samples is paramount before they are distributed. Generic names are abbreviated as follows: Bacidia (B), Biatora (Bi.), Biatorina (Biat.), Bilimbia (Bit.), Catillaria (C), Lecanora (Lee), Lecidea (L.), Micarea (M.), Psilolechia {P.) and Scoliciosporum (5.). ANZI, Lich. Exs. Ital.: 256 M. denigrata; 259A (Bil. lignaria) M. melaena; 259B {Bil. hypnophila - given by Lynge as Bil. lignaria) B. sabuletorum (BM). ANZI, Lich. Lang.: 148 {Bil. syncomistd) M. lignaria, one example in BM with a little M. peliocarpa. ANZI, Lich. Sondr.: 170A M. peliocarpa; 170B M. melaena. ARNOLD, Lich. exs.: 120 M. bauschiana; 167A {Bil. lignaria ^saxigena Leighton) M. peliocarpa; 167B M. peliocarpa; 217 M. nitschkeana; 279, 280A-C M. prasina; 332A-C M. melaena; 348A, B M. lignaria; 409A M. sylvicola; 409B (L. sylvicola) M. sylvicola, or M. lutulata; 503A-D M. nitschkeana; 548, 549 M. cinerea; 556[A], B (L. assimilata) M. crassipes; 626, 627 M. misella; 836 M. lithinella; 837 M. peliocarpa; 1051 {Bil. ternaria) M. peliocarpa; 1057 M. tuberculata; 1121 M. crassipes; 1122 M. prasina; \A1\ M. elachista; 1472 M. prasina. ARNOLD, Lich. Mon.: 46 M. denigrata; 47 M. cinerea; 48 M. nitschkeana; 49 M. melaena; 115, 116 M. cinerea; 118 {Bil. trisepta) M. peliocarpa; 172 M. misella; 241 M. misella; 243 M. prasina; 244 {Biat. prasiniza) M. adnata; 245 M. prasina; 246 M. elachista; 248, 249 M. melaena; 269 {Bil. trisepta) M. peliocarpa; 270 {Bil. trisepta) M. nitschkeana; 307 M. misella; 357 {Bil. trisepta) M. peliocarpa; 407 M. melaena; 482 {Bil. trisepta) M. peliocarpa. BOHLER, Lich. Brit.: 85 (L. viridescens) M. lignaria. BRITZELMAYR, Lich. exs.: 174 {Biat. prasiniza var. laeta) M. adnata; 175 {Biat. glomerella) L. viridescens (M); 208 M. misella; 310 {Biat. synothea) L. turgidula + Lee. sp. (H); 464 {Biat. synothea) M. denigrata + C. nigroclavata (H); 599 {Biat. synothea) Arthonia vinosa (H); 829 {Bil. milliaria f. nigrita) M. nitschkeana; 846 M. cinerea; 946 M. melaena; 961 (L. assimilata f. irrubata) L. hypnorum + L. limosa (H). CLAUDEL & HARMAND, Lich. Gall. : 43 M. lignaria; 89 M. nitschkeana; 445 M. misella. CROMBIE, Lich. Brit.: 174 (L. misella) M. misella +/or M. prasina. CUMMINGS, Decad. N Amer. Lich. Ed. I: 302 M. lignaria; 355 M. prasina. Ed. II: 232 M. lignaria. ELENKIN, Lich. Ross.: 189 M. misella. Erb. Critt. Ital., ser. I: 198 (C. synothea) C. nigroclavata (UPS). FELLMAN, Lich. Arct.: 159 M. melaena; 164 (L. assimilata f. alpestris) M. incrassata, + a little M. crassipes in example in H; 165 (L. assimilata) M. crassipes; 166 (L. limosa) M. incrassata. FLAGEY, Lich. Franche-Comte: 137 {Bi. synothea) Lee. sp. + Lecidella ? euphorea (UPS). Flora Hung, exs.: 714 M. melaenida. FLOTOW, Lich. exs.: 129A M. lignaria; 129B (L. milliaria b. ma/o/- - according to Lynge) Mycoblastus affinis (UPS); 129C (L. milliaria var. lignaria - according to Lynge) M. melaena; 129D (L. milliaria) C. globulosa (UPS); 129E M. lignaria; 130 M. turfosa; 131 M. lignaria; 171A M. sylvicola.
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