Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)

More documents

Recommendations

Info

LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 191 brown; lower part ± hyaline; hyphae hyaline c. 0-7-1 -5 fim wide, interwoven or becoming vertically or outwardly orientated towards the hymenium and excipulum; hyphae in upper part of hypothecium intermixed with inflated, short-celled ascogenous hyphae. Excipulum usually distinct, hyaline, or tinged aeruginose or olive-green in parts; hyphae radiating, branched and anastomosing, 0-7-1 -7 /xm wide. Pycnidia rather numerous, sessile, black, 100-140(-200) /xm diam, ostioles often gaping; walls dark olive-green (K— , HNO3-I- red) above and at the sides, but becoming hyaline towards the base. Conidia (mesoconidia) cylindrical or oblong-ellipsoid, sometimes faintly biguttulate and slightly constricted in the middle, 4-6-6-3x1-2-1-7 /itm. Macro- or microconidial states not found. Chemistry: Thallus K-, C— , PD— ; sections of apothecia C-; t.l.c: no substances. Note: The above description is based largely on Alaskan specimens (Thomson 9188). Observations: M. ternaria is very close to M. lignaria but differs in having shorter spores that are never more than 3-septate, and in completely lacking lichen substances. In addition its apothecia have a more flattened appearance (sometimes with a faint marginal rim), and a ± clearly defined excipulum when viewed in vertical section. It is superficially similar to dark forms of M. peliocarpa but that species contains gyrophoric acid (thallus and apothecia in section C-lorange-red), has a hyaline hypothecium, and is not known to have pycnidia which contain mesoconidia. Having found most herbarium specimens named 'ternaria' to belong to M. lignaria or M. peliocarpa I suspected the name to be a synonym of one of these two species. The holotype of Map 25 Micarea subleprosula (§) 1950 onwards -I- Micarea cf. ternaria # 1950 onwards O Before 1950
192 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Lecidea milliaria f. ternaria is very fragmentary and my first impression was that it was a diminutive specimen of M. lignaria, even though I failed to obtain a positive reaction with PD. This opinion was changed by my subsequent examination of the Alaskan material which is identical to the holotype in all respects but larger and in better condition. Several problematical collections from the British Isles (Shetland Islands and western Ireland) are provisionally referred to M. ternaria. They were all collected in coastal districts on hard siliceous rocks and have a ± obsolete thallus (PD— in microscopical preparations), rather flattened apothecia, and 0-3-septate spores. The specimen from Fair Isle has pycnidia, containing mesoconidia5-2-6-8xl-2-l-8/x,m (Fig. 52C). The discovery of an arctic species, such as M. ternaria, in coastal Britain is not without precedent. Examples are Lecanora straminea found in the Shetland Islands, Flannan Islands, and St Kilda, and Bacidia subfuscula found on North Rona, the Fame Islands, and as far south as the north coast of Norfolk and the Scilly Isles. A better understanding of the variability in habit and habitat of M. ternaria in the arctic should help to clarify the taxonomic relationships between the arctic and British populations. In addition, relevant material should be sought in coastal Norway. Habitat and distribution: On mosses and plant debris on the ground in coastal regions of arctic Europe and North America (northern Alaska). The Alaskan material {Thomson 9188) was growing with Micarea turfosa and Siphula ceratites. Southern populations on rocks may be represented in the British Isles (see 'observations' above). 44. Micarea tuberculata (Sommerf.) R. Anderson (Figs32A,34,51B;Map26) in Bryologist 11: 46 (1974). - Lecidea tuberculata Sommerf., Suppl. Fl. Lapp.: 160 (1826). Type: Norway, Nordland, Saltdalen, Fiskevaagmollen, iii 1822, S. C. Sommerfelt (O - lectotype!; UPS - isolectotype!). Lecidea latens Taylor in Mackay, Fl. Hib. 2: 259 (1836). Type: Ireland, Wicklow, The Dargle, T. Taylor (BM- lectotype!). Lecidea botryocarpa Nyl. in Flora, Jena 48: 603 (1865). Type: USSR, Karelskaya ASSR, Karelia onegensis, 'ad Onegam, Kapselka, 1863, T. Simming (H-NYL 10766 -holotype!). Lecidea subinfidula Nyl. in Flora, Jena 52: 295 (1869). Type: Finland, Lapponia enontekiensis, Naimakka, 29 viii 1867, J. P. Norrlin 656 (H - lectotype!; UPS - isolectotype!). Lecidea tuberculata var. scandinavica Vainio in Acta Soc. Fauna Fl. fenn. 57 (2): 309 (1934). Type: Finland, Tavastia australis, Lammi, Evo, Lapinkallio, 1866, Norrlin (H-NYL 10767 - lectotype!). Thallus effuse, minutely scurfy-granular, or sometimes forming an irregularly rimose crust up to 0-2 mm thick, more rarely forming irregularly verrucose areolae c. 0-06-0-2(-0-3) mm diam; greenish buff, pale buff or greenish white; thin wefts of white prothalline hyphae sometimes visible. Phycobiont not micareoid; cells ± globose, thin-walled, 5-10(-12) /xm diam, or irregularly ellipsoid and up to 15x7 /xm. Apothecia numerous, convex-hemispherical and immarginate from the start, often becoming ± globose or tuberculate, black and often with bluish tinge, matt, 0-16-0-3(-0-4) mm diam, or 0-24-0-55 mm diam when tuberculate. Hymenium 30-35 jxm tall, dilute green or aeruginose, K- or + intensifying, HNO3+ purple-red, often with darker vertical streaks due to the presence of stout, pigmented paraphyses. Asci cylindrical-clavate, 25-30x7-9 /xm. Spores oblong-ovoid or oblong-ellipsoid, 0-1-septate, 5-5-8(-9)xl-5-2-5 /xm. Fflrap/iy:?^^ rather scanty, of two types (Fig. 34): p.p. evenly distributed, irregularly flexuose, simple or sparingly branched, often anastomosing, thin, 1-T5 /xm wide, sometimes widening to 1-7 /xm above, walls hyaline throughout and without adhering pigment; /?./?. fewer in number, as scattered individuals or in small fascicles, straight, simple or occasionally forked above, stout, coated ± throughout by dark greenish pigment and appearing c. 2-3 /u-m wide, apices sometimes ± incrassate and up to 4 /xm wide (including pigment). Hypothecium c. 80-115 /xm tall, aeruginose- or olive-black, K-laeruginose intensifying; hyphae coated with dense dark green pigment and 2-3 /xm wide (overall), interwoven but becoming vertically orientated towards the hymenium and some
Page 1 and 2:
O' M' Bulletin of the British Museu
Page 3 and 4:
. 18 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS 11. M.denig
Page 5 and 6:
20 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Micarea The g
Page 7 and 8:
22 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Morphology Th
Page 9 and 10:
24 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS (ii) Goniocys
Page 11 and 12:
26 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS A B Fig. 2 'M
Page 13 and 14:
28 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS 3 00
Page 15 and 16:
30 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 5 Sketch
Page 17 and 18:
32 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 6 Ascus
Page 19 and 20:
34 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 8 M. ala
Page 21 and 22:
36 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 10 A, M.
Page 23 and 24:
38 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 12 A,M.
Page 25 and 26:
40 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS r\ U Fig. 14
Page 27 and 28:
42 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 16 M. in
Page 29 and 30:
44 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 18 M. le
Page 31 and 32:
46 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 20 A-B,
Page 33 and 34:
48 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 22 M. me
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
52 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 26 M. pr
Page 39 and 40:
54 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS VJ Fig. 28 A,
Page 41 and 42:
56 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 30 M. su
Page 43 and 44:
58 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 31 - con
Page 45 and 46:
60 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 33 M. tu
Page 47 and 48:
62 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 34 Two t
Page 49 and 50:
64 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Table 1 Conid
Page 51 and 52:
66 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 36 Sugge
Page 53 and 54:
68 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 37 M. ad
Page 55 and 56:
70 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS s o o c o c o
Page 57 and 58:
72 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS n 1/ [\ f] n
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
76 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 45 M. li
Page 63 and 64:
78 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS B OOQog Fig.
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
84 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS In the case o
Page 71 and 72:
86 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS 6 - 5h 4 3 2
Page 73 and 74:
. 88 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS the epithec
Page 75 and 76:
90 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS fM. elachista
Page 77 and 78:
92 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Saxicolous ha
Page 80 and 81:
LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 95 T
Page 82 and 83:
LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 97 a
Page 84 and 85:
Infrageneric considerations LICHEN
Page 86 and 87:
LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 101
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
5. Micarea bauschiana (Korber) V. W
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127: LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 141
Page 144 and 145: LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE Tabl
Page 154 and 155: 32. Micarea osloensis (Th. Fr.) Hed
Page 158 and 159: 34. Micarea prasina Fr. LICHEN GENU
Page 196 and 197: conferanda (Lecidea) 205 confusula
Page 198 and 199: populina (Lecidea, Micarea) 31,32 p
show all

Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?