Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)

174 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS
var. byssacea f . sordidescens (Nyl.) Blomb. & Forss. , Enum. PI. Scand. : 91 (1880). - Micarea prasina f
byssacea subf. sordidescens (Nyl.) Th. Fr. in Hedl. in Bih. K. svenska VetenskAkad. Handl. Ill, 18 (3):
77 (1892). - Lecidea byssacea var. sordidescens (Nyl.) Vainio in Termeszetr. Fuz. 22: 320 (1899). -
Catillaria prasina var. sordidescens (Nyl.) Lettau in Hedwigia 52: 136 (1912). - Micarea prasina var.
sordidescens (Nyl.) Brodo in Bull. N. Y. St. Mus. Sci. Serv. 410: 152 (1968). Type: Switzerland, Zurich,
'An faulen Fichten-Strunken Z. H.', Hepp, Flecht. Eur. 11^ (E - lectotype! [t.l.c.: 'prasina-unknown
B']; isolectotypes: BM (boxed set)! [t.l.c: 'prasina-unknown B'], H-NYL 21632 [fragment]!, M!). See
note (iv) below.
Lecidea prasiniza var. prasinoleuca Nyl. in Flora, Jena 64: 7 (1881). Type: Germany, Baden-Wiirttemberg,
Heidelberg, Konigstuhle, on Picea abies, ix 1880, Zwackh, Lich. Exs. 593a (H-NYL 21601 - lectotype!
[t.l.c: 'prasina-unknown A']). See note (v) below.
Catillaria micrococca f. glebosula Erichsen in Annls mycol. 36: 139 (1938). Type: Germany, Schleswig-
Holstein, Eiderstedt, Ording, at base of Betula, 4 viii 1913, C. F. E. Erichsen (HBG - holotype! [t.l.c:
'prasina-unknown B'].
Catillaria micrococca var. discrepans Erichsen in Annls mycol. 36: 139 (1938). Type: Denmark, Jylland,
Abenra (Apenrade), on smooth bark oiAlnus in a valley near Elisenlund, 3 ix 1913, C. F. E. Erichsen
(HBG - holotype!). [material insufficient for t.l.c].
Catillaria prasina var. occulta Erichsen in Annls mycol. 36: 140 (1938). Type: Germany, Schleswig-
Holstein, Ratzeburg, in the wood 'Bak', on ± smooth bark oiAlnus, 21 iii 1918, C. F. E. Erichsen (HBG
- holotype!). [material insufficient for t.l.c].
Lecidea declivitatum Erichsen in Mitt. Inst. allg. Bot. Hamb. 10: 408 (1939). Type: Germany, Schleswig-
Holstein, 'Krs Eutin: an der Boschung eines Waldwegs an der Nordwest-Seite des Ugleisees', 5 vi 1914,
C. F. E. Erichsen (HBG -holotype! [t.l.c: 'prasina-unknown C']).
Micarea polytrichi Poelt & Dobb. in Bot. Jb. 96: 343 (1975). Type: Austria, Steiermark, Grazer Bergland,
a little north of Maria Trost near the Wenisbucher Strasse, c. 460 m, on Polytrichumformosum on shady
side of a narrow gorge, 30 iii 1974, /. Poelt (GZU - holotype!) [material insufficient for t.l.c].
Catillaria prasina a laeta Th. Fr., Lich. Scand. 2: 573 (1874); nom. inval. (Art. 26).
?Biatora byssacea Zwackh in Flora, Jena 45: 510 (1862), non Hampe in Linnaea 25: 709 (1852). Type:
Germany, Heidelberg, 'Konigsstuhle', on bark of old Quercus, ? Zwackh (not traced). See note (vi)
below.
?Catillaria melanobola f. biseptata B. de Lesd., Rech. Lich. Dunkerque: 198 (1910). Type: France, Nord,
Dunkerque, St Pol, on a piece of leather in dunes, B. de Lesdain (not seen).
?Catillaria melanobola f. nigra B. de Lesd., Rech. Lich. Dunkerque: 199 (1910). Type: France, Nord,
Dunkerque, lignum of hollow Salix, B. de Lesdain (not seen).
Notes: (i) Biatora prasina Fr. (June 1825) is superfluous because the protologue includes the sentence:
'Crusta est Byss. botryoides Linn!'. Byssus botryoides L. is a valid name {Sp. pi. 2: 1169 (1753)) but the
material in the Linnaean herbarium (LINN) is a specimen (1278.16) labelled by Ehrhart; it is an alga and
bears a determination label: 'Protococcus viridis Ag. Determined by Francis Drouet iv. 1950'. In the
protologue of Micarea and M. prasina. Fries (Dec. 1825) makes a less dogmatic statement, merely
indicating that when sterile M. prasina is indistinguishable from B. botryoides; M. prasina is, thereby, not
rendered superfluous.
(ii) I have seen two specimens named by Korber and collected from 'Wiirtemberg' by Kemmler: an
undated specimen in WRSL and possibly part of the original gathering, and a later specimen issued in
Korber's exsiccata. The first specimen would have to be completely destroyed for t.l.c. analysis, whereas
the exsiccate specimen is larger and was found to contain 'prasina-unknown A', and it is this specimen that I
have chosen for typification. If future studies require this chemical race to be recognized at specific rank,
then 'micrococca' is the earliest available epithet.
(iii) L. subviridescens is the earliest name for the chemical race with 'prasina-unknown C.
(iv) Although Nylander (1874) did not provide a description, he validated L. sordidescens by referring to
it Hepp Flecht. Eur. 278; the printed label for this exsiccatum includes a short description and a drawing of
spores.
(v) If the chemical race containing 'prasina-unknown A' were to be awarded varietal rank, then this
name provides the earliest available epithet, provided that 'byssacea' is not available; see also note (vi).
(vi) I have not seen a holotype specimen or any material suitable for the lectotypification of Biatora
byssacea Zwackh. A neotype has not been selected because this name is a later homonym of B. byssacea
Hampe. Hampe's name was given to a specimen collected by Charles Stuart in Tasmania, and the
protologue ends with 'an status degenerans'. Biatora byssacea Hampe is included by Zahlbruckner (Cat.
lich. univ. 3: 897) in a list of excluded and dubious names and is not accorded a catalogue number; the type
.