Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)

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LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 29 Other extreme those of M. contexta, M. eximia, and M. myriocarpa are ± globose from the beginning and often tuberculate . The range of variabihty for most other species falls somewhere between these last two extremes. Apothecia are usually sessile (or partly hidden by adjoining areolae or goniocysts) but occasionally, as with M. lignaria, M. botryaides, and M. ternaria, they may be turbinate or short-stalked (due to vertical elongation of excipular and (or) hypothecial tissues), but only in M. crassipes and an undescribed species from New Zealand is this a constant feature (Figs 3E, 4B). Apothecia are usually immarginate, but in those species with a well differentiated excipulum (e.g. M. cinerea, M. denigrata, M. muhrii, M. peliocarpa, and M. ternaria), a faint marginal zone is sometimes apparent, especially in young apothecia. This zone is rarely raised above the level of the disc, but it is often paler in colour (especially when wet) and slightly more glossy. Even in M. crassipes, the only species whose apothecia regularly exhibit a distinctly raised marginal rim, this feature is soon occluded as the disc expands and becomes convex. The dimensions of apothecia in Micarea fall mainly within the range 0- 1-0-6 mm diam. In some species (e.g. M. denigrata, M. peliocarpa, and M. prasina) there is considerable variation in apothecial size, but in others it may be less so. Characteristically small apothecia (
30 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 5 Sketch demonstrating a situation which M. bauschiana shows variation in the colour of its apothecia, from paUid (A), through pallid/brownish or pallid/blue-grey (B), to blue-black (C). Site: roadside bank in woodland in lower Glen Roy, Westerness (cf. Coppins 3492/3, E); the bank is c. 1 m high). M. denigrata, M. nitschkeana, and M. prasina. I know of no Micarea that has apothecia possessing pruina or, exhibiting a bluish (caesious) 'bloom' when wetted. Such features are due to the existence in the epithecium of minute colourless (or pale straw when dense) granules that dissolve in K, and are characteristic of several species often misidentified to Micarea, e.g. Bacidia beckhausii, Lecanora symmicta agg. , Lecidea caesioatra, L. turgidula, and Scoliciosporumpruinosum. Apothecia: internal features All tissues of the apothecia are bound by a weak gel-matrix which ± dissipiates in 10% KOH to clearly reveal the component parts (i.e. hyphae, paraphyses, and asci). In some species the apices of the paraphyses and/or the hyphae of the hypothecium are additionally cemented by dense pigment deposited in the matrix and/or on the hyphal walls, thus tending to impair their separation in K. The presence of the gel-matrix serves to separate species of Micarea from some superficially similar species of Vezdaea (Poelt & Dobbeler, 1975). Hymenium and epithecium The term 'epithecium' is here employed in its broad sense to refer to the upper part (usually c. 3-15 /xm) of the hymenium where this differs in appearance from the remaining lower part(s).
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80 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 49 A-B,
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82 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 51 A, M.
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84 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS In the case o
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86 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS 6 - 5h 4 3 2
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. 88 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS the epithec
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90 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS fM. elachista
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92 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Saxicolous ha
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LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 95 T
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LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 97 a
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Infrageneric considerations LICHEN
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LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 101
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5. Micarea bauschiana (Korber) V. W
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LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE Tabl
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32. Micarea osloensis (Th. Fr.) Hed
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34. Micarea prasina Fr. LICHEN GENU
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conferanda (Lecidea) 205 confusula
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populina (Lecidea, Micarea) 31,32 p
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