Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)
Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)
Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)
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128 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS<br />
balneum kabola Pojana, com. Marmaros in Hung.', on bark <strong>of</strong> Pinus sytvestris, H. Lojka 4455, 'Lich.<br />
Hung. exs. (ined.) n. 305. ad int.' (H-NYL 11663 -holotype!).<br />
Lecidea denigrata f. pseudoglomerella Harm, in Bull. Seanc. Soc. Sci. Nancy. II, 33: 58 (1899 ['1898']). -<br />
Catillaria denigrata var. pseudoglomerella (Harm.) Boistel, Nouv. Fl. Lich. 2: 199 (1903). Type: France,<br />
Meur<strong>the</strong>-et-Moselle, La Malgrange, on oak posts [lignum], 8 v 1894, /. Harmand, Lich, Loth. 838p.p.<br />
(ANGUC-lectotype! [t.l.c: gyrophoricacid]; DUKE-isolectotype!).<br />
Catillaria prasina f. /o«g/or Erichsen in Schr. naturw. Ver. Schleswig-Holst. 11: 101 (1937). Type: West<br />
Germany, Schleswig-Holstein, Lauenberg, Sachsenwald, Rev. Kl. Viert, on roots <strong>of</strong> old Fagus, 2 xii<br />
1934, C. F. E. Erichsen (HBO -holotype!).<br />
Micarea denigrata var. friesiana Hedl. in Bih. K. svenska VetenskAkad. Handl. Ill, 18 (3): 78, 89 (1892);<br />
nam. inval. (Art. 26).<br />
Micarea denigrata war . friesiana f. vulgaris Hedl. in Bih. K. svenska VetenskAkad. Handl. Ill, 18 (3): 79, 90<br />
(1892); nom. inval. (Art. 26).<br />
Micarea andesitica Vezda in Poelt & Vezda, Bestimmungsschl. europ. Flechten. Erganzungsheft I: 160<br />
(1977); nom. nudum (Art. 32). Spec, orig.: Hungary, Matra, Matrafiired, Pipis-Legy, 380 m, on<br />
andesitic rock, 17 xi 1976, A. Kiszely & A. Vezda (hb Vezda!).<br />
? Lecidea hemipoliella* semialbula Stirton in Rep. Trans. Glasgow Fid Nats. 4: 89 (1876). - Biatorina<br />
syno<strong>the</strong>a var. semialbula (Stirton) A. L. Sm., Monogr. Br. Lich. 2: 122 (1911). Type: Scotland,<br />
Su<strong>the</strong>rland, Altnaharra, on hgnum, Stirton (not seen; not traced in BM or GLAM).<br />
?Catillaria syno<strong>the</strong>a f. major B. de Lesd., Rech. Lich. Dunkerque, Suppl. 1: 118 (1914). Type: France,<br />
Nord, Dunkerque, Ghyvelde, on piece <strong>of</strong> wood (Pinus) on <strong>the</strong> sand in a dune, B. de Lesdain (not seen).<br />
?Catillaria syno<strong>the</strong>a f. fusca B. de Lesd., Rech. Lich. Dunkerque, Suppl. 1: 118 (1914). Type: France,<br />
Nord, Dunkerque, St-Pol, on a stake, B. de Lesdain (not seen).<br />
Lecidea syno<strong>the</strong>a auct., non Ach. (1808). See note below.<br />
Note: Lecidea syno<strong>the</strong>a Ach. in K. svenska VetenskAkad. Handl. 1808: 236 (1808). From <strong>the</strong> comments<br />
on Acharian specimens by Hedlund (1892: 91) and my examination <strong>of</strong> Acharian material in BM, it is clear<br />
that this name was based on material <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> common and widely distributed species generally known as<br />
Bacidia umbrina (Ach.) Bausch or Scoliciosporum umbrinum (Ach.) Arnold (basionym: Lecidea<br />
umbrina Ach, Lich. Univ. : 183 (1819)). In <strong>the</strong> 19th century 'syno<strong>the</strong>a' was commonly applied to Micarea<br />
denigrata. Despite Hedlund's comments, this misapplication has been continued by some authors, even in<br />
recent years (e.g. Ozenda & Clauzade, 1970: 402). To avoid <strong>the</strong> confusion that would arise if 'umbrina"<br />
were replaced by 'syno<strong>the</strong>a' , a formal proposal to reject <strong>the</strong> name Lecidea syno<strong>the</strong>a Ach. (and combinations<br />
from that name), under <strong>the</strong> provision <strong>of</strong> Art. 69.1, will be presented elsewhere.<br />
Thallus effuse and <strong>of</strong>ten widespreading, sometimes endoxylic but usually developing on <strong>the</strong><br />
surface <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> substratum (especially in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> apo<strong>the</strong>cia) as convex to irregularly<br />
subglobose areolae. Areolae 60-200 ixm diam, greenish white to greenish grey, matt; in section<br />
without an amorphous covering layer, external hyphae hyaline but surrounding gel matrix <strong>of</strong>ten<br />
with dilute olivaceous, K-l- violet pigment. Thallus sometimes scurfy and dark grey-brown to<br />
blackish, owing to invasion by dematiaceous fungi and non-lichenized algae. Phycobiont<br />
micareoid, cells c. 4—7 /u,m diam.<br />
Apo<strong>the</strong>cia usually present and numerous (see 'observations' below), scattered to confluent,<br />
broadly convex to subglobose, sometimes tuberculate, 0- 15-0-5 mm diam, or to 0-6 mm when<br />
tuberculate; immarginate, or sometimes young apo<strong>the</strong>cia with an indistinct, shallow marginal<br />
rim, paler than <strong>the</strong> disc; disc pallid to brown or piebald (shade forms), more usually dark grey or<br />
black, matt. Hymenium (25-)30-40 /o-m tall, dilute olivaceous or dull brownish, K-l- violet;<br />
pigment <strong>of</strong>ten concentrated in upper part (with lower part ± hyaline), and confined to <strong>the</strong><br />
gel-matrix. Asci clavate, 28-36x9-12 jxm. Spores oblong-ellisoid, oblong-ovoid, fusiform or<br />
bacilliform, <strong>of</strong>ten slightly curved, (0-)l -septate, upper cell usually slightly shorter and broader<br />
than <strong>the</strong> lower, (7-)9-16(-18)x2-3-3(-3-5) /u,m. Paraphyses numerous, branched and sometimes<br />
anastomosing, l-l-5(-l-7) /i,m wide; apices scarcely wider, and never with closely<br />
adhering pigment. Hypo<strong>the</strong>cium 60-110 /xm tall, hyaline or very dilute yellowish straw; hyphae<br />
c. 1-1-5 /am wide, interwoven or some vertically orientated in upper part, intermixed with<br />
short-celled, ascogenous hyphae hyphae c. 2-4 /xm wide. Excipulum indistinct, but usually<br />
evident in sections <strong>of</strong> young, shallow-convex apo<strong>the</strong>cia, hyaline; hyphae radiating, branched<br />
and anastomosing, hyaline, c. 1-1-5 /xm wide.<br />
Pycnidia usually present and numerous, immersed in <strong>the</strong> thallus or substratum (endoxylic