Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)

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5. Micarea bauschiana (Korber) V. Wirth & Vezda (Figs5,10A,40D;Map4). LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 117 in Vezda & V. Wirth in Folia geobot. phytotax., Praha 11: 95 (1976). _ Biatora bauschiana Korber, Parerga lich.: 157 (1860). - Lecidea bauschiana (Korber) Lettau in Hedwigia 55: 28 (1914). Type: Germany, Baden-Wiirttemberg, Baden-Baden, on the way to Yburg, on porphyry, 1859, Bausch, Rabenh. Lich. Eur. 648 (M- lectotype!, sel. V. Wirth & Vezda (loc. cit); M-isolectotype!); additional isotype material distributed as Arnold Lich. Exs. 120 (BM!, M!). Lecidea infidula Nyl. in Flora, Jena 51: 475 (1868). Type: Jersey, C. Larbalestier (H-NYL p.m. 5413 - holotype!). Lecidea lynceola Th. Fr., Lich. Scand. 2: 561 (1874). Type: Norway, Christiana [Oslo], Tveten, 20 v 1868, N. G. Moe 257 (UPS -holotype!). Lecidea semipallens Nyl. in Flora, Jena 59: 234 (1876). Type: Ireland, West Galway, Lough Inagh, 1875, C. Larbalestier (H-NYL 19399 - lectotype!; isolectotypes: BM ex K!, H-NYL 19402!). Lecidea dilutiuscula Nyl. in Flora, Jena 59: 308 (1876). Type: England, South Devon, near Buckfastleigh, H. B. /fo//(BM- lectotype!; H-NYL 10754- isolectotype!). Lecidea rusticella Nyl. in Flora, Jena 61: 245 (1878). Type: Ireland, West Galway, Connemara, Tullywee Bridge, 1876, C. Larbalestier (H-NYL 20206- holotype!; topotypes ['1878']: BM!, BM ex K!). ?Lecidea callicarpa Larbal. ex Leighton, Lich. Fl. Br., ed. 3: 266 (1879). Type: Ireland, West Galway, Glencorbot near Kylemore, 1877, C. Larbalestier (not seen; possibly in BM (incl. BM ex K) but not traced). ?Lecidea semipallens var. obscurior Lang ex Havaas in Bergens Mus. Arb. 1935(2): 27 (1935). Type: Norway, Dalsb0, 1903, /. J. Havaas (not seen; not traced in BG or H). ?Catillaria microsporaMas\o\a.in Ukr. bot. Zh. 30(5): 665 (1973). Type: USSR, Regio Volhyniensis, distr. Ljuboml., in pineto baud procul pag. Kamenca, ad saxa granitica, 11 vi 1969, W. R. Maslova (KWholotype, not seen; but a slide prepared from the holotype by H. Kilias examined). Thallus thin (
118 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS often with a swollen base up to 3 /xm wide; conidia (microconidia) cylindrical, eguttulate, 4-6x0-8-1 fxm. A few collections with pallid apothecia have associated pycnidia, c. 60-100 /xm diam, with hyaline walls and containing (often biguttulate) mesoconidia 2-8-4-3X 1-1-3 /xm (see 'Observations' below). Chemistry: All parts K- , C- , KC— , PD- ; no substances detected by t.l.c. Observations: Micarea bauschiana is closely related to, and often confused with, M. sylvicola (q.v.), and the two species often grow together. M. bauschiana is notoriously variable in the colour of its apothecia, but the full range of variation from pallid to blackish can be seen over small distances (a few centimetres) in a single population (Fig. 5: p. 30) and the variation appears to be solely phenotypic. When growing on iron-rich rocks the thallus of M. bauschiana is often oxydated. In a few specimens (including types of Lecidea rusticella) this oxydation has extended to the apothecia in which finely granular, ferruginous material has been deposited (especially in the epithecium and hypothecium); such specimens have been confused with M. lutulata and species of Protoblaste- nia. A few collections from Austria and Scotland (considered here as M. cf. bauschiana) have entirely pallid apothecia which are accompanied by pycnidia containing mesoconidia (see description above). Such pycnidia have not been detected in specimens of M. bauschiana with pigmented apothecia, and it is possible that the former collections represent a distinct taxon. However, one of these collections (Austria, Steiemark, Graz, Schockl N of St Radegund, 1978, Poeh (GZU) also has typical (for M. bauschiana) microconidia-containing pycnidia, and it may be that there is some environmental control (e.g. a response to very low light intensities) involved in the initiation of the mesoconidial anamorph. Further careful field observations and laboratory studies are required to establish the status of these seemingly anomalous collections. Forms of M. bauschiana (s. ampl. ) with pallid apothecia should be compared with the much rarer M. lithinella {q. v. ) which can be distinguished by its micareoid phycobiont. In addition, M. lithinella seems not to occur in the ombrophobous, aerohygrophilous Micareetum sylvicolae, and is a rather ombrophilous, substratohygrophilous species of damp, shaded rocks or stones. However, I must stress that this ecological interpretation of M. lithinella is based on the limited data available from the herbarium specimens and requires confirmation by field studies. Material recently distributed as 'M. bauschiana' in Hertel Lecid. exs. no. 54 is not this species. It has weakly marginate apothecia due to a well developed excipulum, and a large-celled (9-17 /xm diam) phycobiont, the cells of which are deeply penetrated by distinct haustoria (as in M. intrusa). It is probably an undescribed species of Micarea and will be treated in a later pubhcation following more critical studies. Habitat and distribution: M. bauschiana is a faithful member of the Micareetum sylvicolae and grows on rocks, stones, roots, and consolidated soil in dry underhangs in woodlands or sheltered valleys. In the British Isles M. bauschiana is the commonest member of the M. sylvicola group. It is particularly common in the north and west but also occurs in suitable situations (e.g. dry stones in sandy banks in woodlands) in the lowlands of south-west England. It seems to be widely distributed in Europe but I have not seen enough specimens to make an assessment of any distributional tendencies. It occurs in the Azores and the Canary Islands, but I have not seen any additional material from outside Europe. Exsiccata: Arnold Lick. Exs. 120 (BM, M), 1233 (M). Johnson Lick. Herb. AM p.p., 504 (HAMU). Larbal. Lick. Herb. 68 (BM), 305 p.p. (LD). Rabenh. Lich. Eur. 648 p. max. p. (M). Zwackh Lick. Exs. 279A-B, 594A-B, 595 (M). 6. Micarea botryoides (Nyl.) Coppins (Figs 10b, 35, 38A; Map 5) in D. Hawksw., P. James & Coppins in Lichenologist 12: 107 (1980). - Lecidea apochroeella var. botryoides Nyl. in Flora, Jena 50: 373 (1867). - Lecidea botryoides (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Ca/. lich. univ. 3: 740
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. 18 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS 11. M.denig
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20 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Micarea The g
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22 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Morphology Th
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24 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS (ii) Goniocys
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26 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS A B Fig. 2 'M
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28 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS 3 00
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30 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 5 Sketch
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32 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 6 Ascus
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34 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 8 M. ala
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36 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 10 A, M.
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38 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 12 A,M.
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40 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS r\ U Fig. 14
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42 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 16 M. in
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44 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 18 M. le
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46 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 20 A-B,
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48 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 22 M. me
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50 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 24 A, M.
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52 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 26 M. pr
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54 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS VJ Fig. 28 A,
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56 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 30 M. su
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58 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 31 - con
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60 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 33 M. tu
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62 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Fig. 34 Two t
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64 BRIAN JOHN COPPINS Table 1 Conid
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LICHEN GENUS MICAREA IN EUROPE 167
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32. Micarea osloensis (Th. Fr.) Hed
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34. Micarea prasina Fr. LICHEN GENU
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conferanda (Lecidea) 205 confusula
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populina (Lecidea, Micarea) 31,32 p
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