il tumore della prostata. ii. stadiazione - Università degli studi di Pavia
il tumore della prostata. ii. stadiazione - Università degli studi di Pavia
il tumore della prostata. ii. stadiazione - Università degli studi di Pavia
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PROSTATIC CANCER<br />
Clinical staging<br />
TNM definitions: T3 - T4<br />
* T3: tumor extends through prostatic capsule:<br />
T3a: extracapsular extension (uni- or b<strong>il</strong>ateral);<br />
T3b: tumor invades seminal vesicle(s);<br />
[- note: invasion into prostatic apex or into (but not<br />
beyond) prostatic capsule is not classified as T3, but as<br />
T2];<br />
* T4: tumor fixed to or inva<strong>di</strong>ng adjacent<br />
structures other than seminal vesicles (bladder<br />
neck, external sphincter, rectum, levator muscles<br />
and / or pelvic wall)
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