An Introduction to Neutron Scattering - Spallation Neutron Source

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Much of the Scientific Impact of Neutron Scattering Has Involved the Measurement of Inelastic Scattering Ene rgy Trans fe r (me V) 10000 100 1 0.01 10-4 10-6 Neutrons in Condens ed Matter Res earch Spallation SPSS - Chopper - Chopper Spectrometer ILL - without s pin-echo ILL - with s pin-e cho Elastic Scattering [Larger Objects Resolved] Micelles Polymers Proteins in Solution Viruses Metallurgical Systems Colloids Aggregate Motion Polymers and Biological Systems Coherent Modes in Glasses and Liquids Molecular Motions Membranes Proteins Critical Scattering Diffusive Modes Spin Waves Electron- phonon Interactions Crystal and Magnetic Structures Crystal Fields Slower Motions Resolved Molecular Reorientation Tunneling Spectroscopy Surface Effects? Itinerant Magnets Hydrogen Modes Molecular Vibrations Lattice Vibrations and Anharmonicity Amorphous Systems Neutron Induced Excitations Momentum Distributions Accurate Liquid Structures Precision Crystallography Anharmonicity 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 Q (Å -1 ) Energy & Wavevector Transfers accessible to Neutron Scattering
Neutron Spin Echo By Roger Pynn* Los Alamos National Laboratory *With contributions from B. Farago (ILL), S. Longeville (Saclay), and T. Keller (Stuttgart)
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y Roger Pynn Los Alamos National La
Page 3 and 4:
Why do Neutron Scattering? • To d
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The Neutron has Both Particle-Like
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Thermal Neutrons, 8 keV X-Rays & Lo
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Brightness & Fluxes for Neutron & X
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Scattering by a Single (fixed) Nucl
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Coherent and Incoherent Scattering
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so or ie Coherent Elastic Scatterin
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Neutrons can also gain or lose ener
Page 19 and 20:
Magnetic Scattering • The magneti
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Ene rgy Trans fe r (me V) 10000 100
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References • Introduction to the
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Overview 1. Essential messages from
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What Do We Need to Do a Basic Neutr
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About 1.5 Useful Neutrons Are Produ
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The ESRF* & ILL* With Grenoble & th
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Neutron Sources Provide Neutrons fo
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Proton Radiography 800-MeV Linear A
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Components of a Spallation Source A
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Simultaneously Using Neutrons With
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The Actual ToF Gain From Source Pul
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Why Isn’t There a Universal Neutr
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• Uncertainties in the neutron wa
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Typical Neutron Scattering Instrume
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Most Neutron Detectors Use 3 He •
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Rotating Choppers Are Used to Tailo
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3. Diffraction Next Lecture 1. Diff
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2. Diffraction This Lecture 1. Diff
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Neutron Diffraction • Neutron dif
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For Periodic Arrays of Nuclei, Cohe
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We would be better off if diffracti
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Powder - A Polycrystalline Mass All
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Measuring Neutron Diffraction Patte
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Time-of-Flight Powder Diffraction U
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There’s more than meets the eye i
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How good is this function? Protein
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High-resolution Neutron Powder Diff
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Texture Measurement by Diffraction
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Definitions of Stress and Strain
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Why use Metal Matrix Composites ? F
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Neutron Diffraction Measures Mean R
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Deformation Mechanism in U/Nb Alloy
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Obtaining the Pair Distribution Fun
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Effect of Doping on the Octahedra
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Surface Reflection Is Very Differen
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What Is the Neutron Wavevector Insi
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Only Those Thermal or Cold Neutrons
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What do the Amplitudes a R and a T
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Fresnel’s Law for a Thin Film •
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Reflection by a Graded Interface io
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Direct Inversion of Reflectivity Da
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4 R*Q z 10 -7 10 -8 10 -9 1.3% PEG
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Polarized Neutron Reflectometry (PN
Page 107 and 108: Reflection from Rough Surfaces z z
Page 109 and 110: fi fi fi Q =kf -ki Qx-Qz Transforma
Page 111 and 112: Observation of Hexagonal Packing of
Page 113 and 114: This Lecture 5. Small Angle Neutron
Page 115 and 116: Two Views of the Components of a Ty
Page 117 and 118: Where Does SANS Fit As a Structural
Page 119 and 120: Instrumental Resolution for SANS Tr
Page 121 and 122: SANS Measures Particle Shapes and I
Page 123 and 124: Examples of Spherically-Averaged Fo
Page 125 and 126: Correlations Can Be Measured in Con
Page 127 and 128: Radius of Gyration Is the Particle
Page 129 and 130: Contrast & Contrast Matching Water
Page 131 and 132: Verification of of the Gaussian Coi
Page 133 and 134: Porod Scattering function. n correl
Page 135 and 136: ln(I) Typical Intensity Plot for SA
Page 137 and 138: References • Viewgraphs describin
Page 139 and 140: We Have Seen How Neutron Scattering
Page 141 and 142: The Elastic & Inelastic Scattering
Page 143 and 144: Examples of S(Q,ω) and S s(Q,ω)
Page 145 and 146: Inelastic Magnetic Scattering of Ne
Page 147 and 148: Measured Inelastic Neutron Scatteri
Page 149 and 150: Atomic Motions for Longitudinal & T
Page 151 and 152: Phonons - the Classical Use for Ine
Page 153 and 154: The Accessible Energy and Wavevecto
Page 155 and 156: What Use Have Phonon Measurements B
Page 157: Time-of-flight Methods Can Give Com
Page 161 and 162: • Uncertainties in the neutron wa
Page 163 and 164: The Underlying Physics of Neutron S
Page 165 and 166: How does a Neutron Spin Behave when
Page 167 and 168: The Principles of NSE are Very Simp
Page 169 and 170: For Quasi-elastic Scattering, the E
Page 171 and 172: Neutron counts ( per 50 sec) Neutro
Page 173 and 174: Field-Integral Inhomogeneities caus
Page 175 and 176: Neutron Spin Echo study of Deformat
Page 177 and 178: Neutron Spin Phases NRSE spectromet
Page 179 and 180: The Measured Polarization for NRSE
Page 181 and 182: Measuring Line Shapes for Inelastic
Page 183 and 184: “Phonon Focusing” • For a sin
Page 185 and 186: An NRSE Triple Axis Spectrometer at
Page 187 and 188: “Tilted” Fields for Diffraction
Page 189 and 190: Spin Echo SANS using Magnetic Films
Page 191: Conclusion: NSE Provides a Way to S
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An Introduction to Neutron Scattering - Spallation Neutron Source

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