EBIS and EBIT - Spallation Neutron Source
EBIS and EBIT - Spallation Neutron Source
EBIS and EBIT - Spallation Neutron Source
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Ion energy (eV)<br />
Electron-ion heating<br />
Radial well voltages eqU w =kT i to trap multiply charged ions heated by electrons of<br />
energy 1 keV (dashed lines) <strong>and</strong> 10 keV (full lines), typical for ECR <strong>and</strong> <strong>EBIS</strong>/T<br />
10 3<br />
10 3 Ne Ar<br />
10 2<br />
10 2<br />
10 1<br />
10 1<br />
10 0<br />
10 0<br />
10 -1<br />
10 -1<br />
CNO Ar Kr Xe Pb<br />
0 10 20 30<br />
Charge states<br />
fortunately Coulomb-collisions not only heat ions (by electrons), but also can cool them by ions!<br />
Kr<br />
Xe<br />
Pb
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