Magnetic Separation: Industrial and Lab Scale Applications

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First Patent on MS 1800 NY company built a conveyor belt separator Over 300 patents filed on MS 1900 First nano separations paper First size dependent magnetic separation 1792 1852 1909 1973 2006 Figure 1. Timeline of magnetic separation technology A very broad but fitting and clear classification of magnetic separations can be done as follows (Parker 1977): 1. Low intensity dry magnetic separations 2. Low intensity wet magnetic separations 3. High intensity dry magnetic separations 4. High intensity wet magnetic separations (i.e. High Gradient Magnetic Separation (HGMS)) 2000
A. Value of Magnetic Separation Although the magnetic field would make no distinction between various magnetic particles, magnetic separation handpicks those with magnetic affinity from physically similar mixtures, i.e. in terms of density, shape, and size (Svoboda 2003). Among many applications we’ll discuss briefly in the following pages, the following ones would give a sense of how valuable magnetic separation could be. As early as 1970s Delatour and Kolm (Delatour 1973 and 1975) treated water samples from the Charles River (Fe3O4 seeding, 5ppm Al 3+ ) with a high flow velocity HGMS (Vo= 136 mms -1 , Ho=1T) to obtain the following reductions: - coliform bacteria from 2.2x10 5 /l to 350/l - turbidity by 75% - color by 95% - suspended solids by 78% (Gerber 1983 p 153) Later, Bitton and Mitchell removed 95% of the viruses from water by magnetic filtration following a 10 minutes of contact period with magnetite (added to be 250 ppm) (Gerber 1983 p 153). The following years, Boliden Kemi AB reduced phosphorus of water supplies at least 87%. (Gerber 1983 p 154). B. Physics of the process a. Introduction of the concept
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Magnetic Separation: Industrial and Lab Scale Applications

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