Biochemical activity of bacteria
Biochemical activity of bacteria
Biochemical activity of bacteria
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<strong>Biochemical</strong> <strong>activity</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>bacteria</strong><br />
Arash Ravandi<br />
Carbohydrate metabolism and<br />
terminal oxidation
• All <strong>bacteria</strong> utilize energy sources to produce<br />
ATP.<br />
• Source <strong>of</strong> energy for <strong>bacteria</strong>:<br />
C: from sugar and lipid → energy &<br />
biosynthesis<br />
N: from protein → biosynthesis<br />
O: from air →energy<br />
• Heterophilic <strong>bacteria</strong> use carbohydrate as<br />
energy source, they use enzymes to utilize<br />
simple sugars like glucose and<br />
monosaccharides
• Major carbohydrate metabolism pathway:<br />
• 1.Embden-meyerh<strong>of</strong>-parnas (EMP)<br />
glycolysis<br />
• 2.Entner-Doudor<strong>of</strong>f (ED)<br />
• 3.Penthose phosphate (PP)<br />
• 4.Kreb´s cycle
• Each <strong>bacteria</strong> has it´s own collection <strong>of</strong><br />
enzymes<br />
this is useful to identify <strong>bacteria</strong>l species by<br />
checking products from the oxidation and<br />
fermentation <strong>of</strong> these carbohydrates.<br />
fermentation kit
Detection:<br />
• PH indicator: to detect metabolic acids<br />
that produce by <strong>bacteria</strong> after oxidation<br />
and fermentation <strong>of</strong> sugars. Example:<br />
Phenol red<br />
• Reagent: after <strong>bacteria</strong> have grown it<br />
reacts with specific byproduct or<br />
intermediates in the metabolic pathway.<br />
• Gas production, Example: Durham tubes
Durham tube PH indicator
• Metabolic <strong>activity</strong> test:<br />
ATP assay: measure ATP by luciferase<br />
system