History of the M.E. Church, Vol. IV - Media Sabda Org
History of the M.E. Church, Vol. IV - Media Sabda Org History of the M.E. Church, Vol. IV - Media Sabda Org
HISTORY OF THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH By Abel Stevens CHAPTER IV METHODISM IN THE MIDDLE AND NORTHERN STATES, 1804 -- 1820 Condition of the Church -- Camp-meetings -- John Emory -- He forsakes the Bar for the Pulpit -- Emory's further Career and Character -- Jacob Gruber tried for opposing Slavery -- Garrettson and Ware -- Marvin Richardson -- A Camp-meeting -- Nathan Bangs -- Heman Bangs -- Robert Seney -- Samuel Luckey -- Origin of the African Methodist Episcopal Church -- Richard Allen becomes a Bishop -- Zion African Methodist Episcopal Church -- Methodism up the Hudson -- In Troy -- Noah Levings "Exhorting" -- Albany -- Schenectady -- Ministerial Reinforcements The maturer fields of the Church, in the middle and northern states, had almost continual prosperity during the present period. It was a time of church building, in which the primitive temporary structures began to give place to more commodious but hardly more pretentious edifices; of local growth, in membership and influence, and of rapid and important accessions to the ministry. But these sections had not much frontier work, except in Western New York and Canada, and, therefore, fewer of those salient events, which still marked the progress of the denomination in the South and West, and to some extent in the yet reluctant states of New England Their published records continue to be singularly scanty in historical data. Men now entered the itinerancy, whose names are familiar through the whole Church, but who are known only by vague traditions of their pulpit eloquence and great usefulness, and the meager allusions or brief obituaries of the Conference Minutes. [1] Beginning the period with forty thousand four hundred and fifteen members, the two Conferences of this region ended it with three Conferences and eighty-two thousand two hundred and fifty-four members. They had more than doubled their numerical strength. In 1810 they detached a large and thriving portion of their territory, and formed of it the Genesee Conference, under which has grown up the flourishing Methodism of interior and western New York. Steady progress was made in the principal cities. Philadelphia nearly doubled its communicants, notwithstanding it lost some thirteen hundred by the secession of its colored members under Richard Allen. New York more than trebled its members, though it also lost nearly a thousand by a similar African schism in 1819, and three hundred more the next year by a secession of whites under William M. Stillwell, the founder of the "Stillwellites," a faction which has utterly dwindled away. Great revivals had prevailed there, especially in 1808 and 1809, adding nearly six hundred members in the two years, so that in 1810 two new churches were erected, those of Allen and Bedford streets, both of which became fountain-heads of Methodism for the whole city. John Street was also rebuilt before the period closed, (in 1817, and rededicated January 4, 1818;) its old timbers were used in the construction of another church, at the "Two Mile Stone," from which sprung Seventh Street Church. The other chief cities were still mostly heads of circuits, and have not distinct enough returns in the Minutes for the estimation of their progress, but their circuits show generally large gains. It was a time of almost universal revivals, and especially of successful camp-meetings; checked somewhat by the war with Great Britain, but only temporarily, for the energy of Methodism had now become irrepressible.
Asbury, in the summer of 180, wrote: "I have good reasons to believe that upon the Eastern Shore four thousand have been converted since the first of May, and one thousand sanctified, besides souls convicted and quickened and restored. Our Pentecost for sanctification is fully come in some places. Ten camp-meetings north of New York in about two months, and more laid out. Now, I think, we congregate two millions in a year, and I hope for one hundred thousand souls converted, convicted, restored, or sanctified. The whole continent is awake. I am on a route of three thousand miles from and to Baltimore. Such a work of God, I believe, never was known for the number of people." Among the eminent men who entered the ministry in this period none attained a more important historical position in the middle states than John Emory, born in Queen Anne County, Md., 1789. His parents were Methodists, and belonged to the best class of the community. They trained him strictly in their faith, and from his childhood he maintained an unsullied character. In his seventeenth year he joined the Church, a consecrated youth. He was classically educated, and early devoted himself to the profession of the law. At the time he abandoned its ambitious hopes of wealth and honor for the Methodist itinerancy hardly any young man in his native state had more flattering prospects. An inflexible will, the most assiduous habits of study and application, thorough manliness and uprightness, remarkable self-possession, clearness, and comprehensiveness of mind, readiness of speech, in style of equal perspicuity and vigor, and an extraordinary logical faculty, marked him as a man to whom success was beyond any other hazard than that of life itself. He was not eligible to the bar, according to usage, till his majority, but was admitted two years earlier, and soon had, says one of his legal contemporaries, "every product of wealth and fame"' by a successful practice. "Had he continued," says another of his legal colleagues, "he would have attained a most conspicuous eminence." In these times, more than in ours, the law was the highway to political distinction, and John Emory could have hopefully aimed at the highest places of public power and fame, but his luminous mind saw the, superior honor of an apostolic life of labor and suffering, and the "glory which shall follow." He turned away from his professional prospects. The self-denial cost him a fearful struggle. He lost his religious comfort before he yielded; but in 1809 he made a "covenant," wrote and signed it, to give up the law and preach the gospel. "The moment," he says, "I entered into this covenant on my knees, I felt my mind relieved, and the peace and love of God flow through my soul, and ever since I have enjoyed closer communion with him than ever before." His father, though a pious man, persistently opposed his resolution, refused him a horse with which to begin his itinerant career, and refused for two years to hear him preach, or to receive letters from him. Borrowing a horse from a friend, he went forth, however, and traveled, "under the presiding elder," till the session of the Philadelphia Conference in 1810, when he was received into its membership, and sent to Caroline Circuit, on the Eastern Shore of Maryland. His father at last became reconciled to his course, encouraged his labors, and, when dying, sent for him to attend and console his last hours. From 1810 to 1813 young Emory rode circuits, but never afterward. He was ready for the hardest service; and when Asbury, in 1812, called for volunteers for Canada, he offered himself for that difficult field, as also for the West. But his peculiar talents fitted him for other work. In 1813 he was appointed to the Academy (Union) Station in Philadelphia. In 1815 he was appointed to Wilmington, Del.; in 1816, re-appointed to Union Church in Philadelphia, and the same year was elected a delegate to the General Conference. It was the first session to which he was eligible, and there was no subsequent session during his life in which he was not a delegate, except that of 1824, when, being in the minority in his Conference on a disputed
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Asbury, in <strong>the</strong> summer <strong>of</strong> 180, wrote: "I have good reasons to believe that upon <strong>the</strong> Eastern Shore<br />
four thousand have been converted since <strong>the</strong> first <strong>of</strong> May, and one thousand sanctified, besides souls<br />
convicted and quickened and restored. Our Pentecost for sanctification is fully come in some places.<br />
Ten camp-meetings north <strong>of</strong> New York in about two months, and more laid out. Now, I think, we<br />
congregate two millions in a year, and I hope for one hundred thousand souls converted, convicted,<br />
restored, or sanctified. The whole continent is awake. I am on a route <strong>of</strong> three thousand miles from<br />
and to Baltimore. Such a work <strong>of</strong> God, I believe, never was known for <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> people."<br />
Among <strong>the</strong> eminent men who entered <strong>the</strong> ministry in this period none attained a more important<br />
historical position in <strong>the</strong> middle states than John Emory, born in Queen Anne County, Md., 1789.<br />
His parents were Methodists, and belonged to <strong>the</strong> best class <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> community. They trained him<br />
strictly in <strong>the</strong>ir faith, and from his childhood he maintained an unsullied character. In his seventeenth<br />
year he joined <strong>the</strong> <strong>Church</strong>, a consecrated youth. He was classically educated, and early devoted<br />
himself to <strong>the</strong> pr<strong>of</strong>ession <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> law. At <strong>the</strong> time he abandoned its ambitious hopes <strong>of</strong> wealth and<br />
honor for <strong>the</strong> Methodist itinerancy hardly any young man in his native state had more flattering<br />
prospects. An inflexible will, <strong>the</strong> most assiduous habits <strong>of</strong> study and application, thorough manliness<br />
and uprightness, remarkable self-possession, clearness, and comprehensiveness <strong>of</strong> mind, readiness<br />
<strong>of</strong> speech, in style <strong>of</strong> equal perspicuity and vigor, and an extraordinary logical faculty, marked him<br />
as a man to whom success was beyond any o<strong>the</strong>r hazard than that <strong>of</strong> life itself. He was not eligible<br />
to <strong>the</strong> bar, according to usage, till his majority, but was admitted two years earlier, and soon had,<br />
says one <strong>of</strong> his legal contemporaries, "every product <strong>of</strong> wealth and fame"' by a successful practice.<br />
"Had he continued," says ano<strong>the</strong>r <strong>of</strong> his legal colleagues, "he would have attained a most<br />
conspicuous eminence." In <strong>the</strong>se times, more than in ours, <strong>the</strong> law was <strong>the</strong> highway to political<br />
distinction, and John Emory could have hopefully aimed at <strong>the</strong> highest places <strong>of</strong> public power and<br />
fame, but his luminous mind saw <strong>the</strong>, superior honor <strong>of</strong> an apostolic life <strong>of</strong> labor and suffering, and<br />
<strong>the</strong> "glory which shall follow." He turned away from his pr<strong>of</strong>essional prospects. The self-denial cost<br />
him a fearful struggle. He lost his religious comfort before he yielded; but in 1809 he made a<br />
"covenant," wrote and signed it, to give up <strong>the</strong> law and preach <strong>the</strong> gospel. "The moment," he says,<br />
"I entered into this covenant on my knees, I felt my mind relieved, and <strong>the</strong> peace and love <strong>of</strong> God<br />
flow through my soul, and ever since I have enjoyed closer communion with him than ever before."<br />
His fa<strong>the</strong>r, though a pious man, persistently opposed his resolution, refused him a horse with which<br />
to begin his itinerant career, and refused for two years to hear him preach, or to receive letters from<br />
him. Borrowing a horse from a friend, he went forth, however, and traveled, "under <strong>the</strong> presiding<br />
elder," till <strong>the</strong> session <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Philadelphia Conference in 1810, when he was received into its<br />
membership, and sent to Caroline Circuit, on <strong>the</strong> Eastern Shore <strong>of</strong> Maryland. His fa<strong>the</strong>r at last<br />
became reconciled to his course, encouraged his labors, and, when dying, sent for him to attend and<br />
console his last hours. From 1810 to 1813 young Emory rode circuits, but never afterward. He was<br />
ready for <strong>the</strong> hardest service; and when Asbury, in 1812, called for volunteers for Canada, he <strong>of</strong>fered<br />
himself for that difficult field, as also for <strong>the</strong> West. But his peculiar talents fitted him for o<strong>the</strong>r work.<br />
In 1813 he was appointed to <strong>the</strong> Academy (Union) Station in Philadelphia.<br />
In 1815 he was appointed to Wilmington, Del.; in 1816, re-appointed to Union <strong>Church</strong> in<br />
Philadelphia, and <strong>the</strong> same year was elected a delegate to <strong>the</strong> General Conference. It was <strong>the</strong> first<br />
session to which he was eligible, and <strong>the</strong>re was no subsequent session during his life in which he was<br />
not a delegate, except that <strong>of</strong> 1824, when, being in <strong>the</strong> minority in his Conference on a disputed