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"Chapter 1 - The Op Amp's Place in the World" - HTL Wien 10

"Chapter 1 - The Op Amp's Place in the World" - HTL Wien 10

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Lead Compensation<br />

7-14<br />

transfer function? <strong>The</strong> equation for <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>vert<strong>in</strong>g op amp closed-loop ga<strong>in</strong> is repeated below.<br />

VOUT <br />

VIN ))<br />

20 Log (KR<br />

G<br />

/(R<br />

G + RF<br />

dB<br />

0dB<br />

–aZ F<br />

Z G Z F<br />

1 aZ G<br />

Z G Z F<br />

20 Log (Aβ )<br />

Figure 7–14. Lead-Compensation Bode Plot<br />

1/τ1<br />

Orig<strong>in</strong>al Transfer Function<br />

1/τ2<br />

1/RFC 1/RFIIRGC<br />

Modified Transfer Function<br />

Log(f)<br />

When a approaches <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>ity, Equation 7–13 reduces to Equation 7–14.<br />

VOUT VIN Z F<br />

Z IN<br />

(7–13)<br />

(7–14)<br />

Substitut<strong>in</strong>g RF || C for ZF and RG for ZG <strong>in</strong> Equation 7–14 yields Equation 7–15, which<br />

is <strong>the</strong> ideal closed-loop ga<strong>in</strong> equation for <strong>the</strong> lead compensation circuit.<br />

V<br />

OUT<br />

(7–15)<br />

V<br />

IN<br />

R F 1<br />

R<br />

G<br />

R<br />

F<br />

Cs 1<br />

<strong>The</strong> forward ga<strong>in</strong> for <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>vert<strong>in</strong>g amplifier is given by Equation 7–16. Compare Equation<br />

7–13 with Equation 6–5 to determ<strong>in</strong>e A.<br />

A aZ F<br />

Z G A F<br />

aRF 1<br />

RG RFRF RGCs 1 (7–16)<br />

<strong>The</strong> op amp ga<strong>in</strong> (a), <strong>the</strong> forward ga<strong>in</strong> (A), and <strong>the</strong> ideal closed-loop ga<strong>in</strong> are plotted <strong>in</strong><br />

Figure 7–15. <strong>The</strong> op amp ga<strong>in</strong> is plotted for reference only. <strong>The</strong> forward ga<strong>in</strong> for <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>vert<strong>in</strong>g<br />

op amp is not <strong>the</strong> op amp ga<strong>in</strong>. Notice that <strong>the</strong> forward ga<strong>in</strong> is reduced by <strong>the</strong> factor<br />

R F/(R G +R F), and it conta<strong>in</strong>s a high frequency pole. <strong>The</strong> ideal closed-loop ga<strong>in</strong> follows <strong>the</strong><br />

ideal curve until <strong>the</strong> 1/R FC breakpo<strong>in</strong>t (same location as 1/τ 2 breakpo<strong>in</strong>t), and <strong>the</strong>n it

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