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The SVG includes all of the circuitry for: (a) character and symbol generation and placement; (b) incremental plot and stroke vector generation; and (c) X-Y random positioning. All scaling of characters and symbols from 4-72 pts; rotation of 360 in 1 incre ments and line width control from .002" to .256" in .001" increments is accomplished with the SVG. CRT Exposure Head - The CRT Exposure Head, as shown in Figure 5, consists of a high resolution, 5" diameter flat face CRT with Pll phosphor assembled in a magnetic shield with its electromagnetic focus and deflection coils and its optical lens. The CRT assembly with its control electronics chassis are mounted on a mechanical structure which interfaces to the "Y" carriage of a Flatbed Plotter Table. Flatbed Plotter Table - Flatbed Plotter Tables used in present systems have been the Gerber Model 32 and the Concord Control E-113. Any high performance plotting table may be used provided it has a positioning accuracy of better than .0005", and a table surface flatness of less than + .005". The computer controller transfers position instructions to the Flatbed Plotter Table Control to position the CRT Exposure Head . System Data Flow - Data flow for the CRT Flatbed Photo composition System is illustrated in Figure 6. Input data to the system furnished on magnetic tape may be prepared in the CRT Photocomposition format with the user's host computer or may be in the user's standard plotter production data tape format which can be converted in real time or off-line using one of the conversion software packages supplied with the system. For names or symbol placement, the input commands call out the type of character or symbol style, which are stored as digital font representations on magnetic disk, and transfer the font data to the minicomputer memory. Relative recording parameters such as size, angle and position are assigned to the character or symbol for controlling the Symbol/Vector Generator (SVG). The Symbol/Vector Generator generates the character or symbol of proper size, angle and location on the face of the CRT using a subraster. For plotting lines, arcs, and contours, the input data files supply
command codes to the minicomputer and the Symbol/Vector Generator for computing the position, the angle and width of the florescent spot on the CRT face. Line work can be plotted in incremental or stroke vectors depending upon the data content. The Software Packages provided with a typical CRT Flat bed Photocomposition System are: Operating System - for PDP11/34 or PDP11/45 mini computer controllers is Digital Equipment Corporation's standard RSX11M multitasking system. Vector/Symbol Plot (VSP) - is the principle plot program which controls all plotting; and all names and text composition and placement from input data tapes formatted in the Symbol/Vector Generator command code. Font Library Update (FLU) - is the software package which is used to create digital font libraries on magnetic disks from properly formatted input font tapes. FLU can be used to add, delete, display or list symbol data and to perform minor editing on font data words. Conversion Programs - Are real-time conversion programs developed for converting existing data bases in Gerber plot format into Symbol/Vector generator formats for controlling plotting. Font Preparation - Digital Fonts are prepared with a stand-alone system from original artwork. Symbols or characters are scanned and digitized with a scanning optical beam, processed, edited and then formatted into a digital font input tape for the system. FLU is then used to develop and maintain a Font Library by storing two sizes of each font style on magnetic disk. All other sizes and orientation are produced with the Symbol/Vector Generator hardware. Interactive Graphics Display A Tektronix 4014-1 Interactive Graphics Display Terminal has been provided to allow viewing of the data being plotted; for software development; for previewing input data tapes and an alternate I/O peripheral for the system. III. CRT Flatbed Photocomposition Output
Page 1 and 2: '/1UTO QIRTO IV Proceedings of the
Page 3 and 4: SPONSORED BY: Proceedings of the Vo
Page 5 and 6: FOREWORD This is the fourth confere
Page 7: PREFACE The technical articles cont
Page 10 and 11: The Use of Computer Generated Maps
Page 12 and 13: Interactive Computer Mapping ......
Page 14 and 15: A Formal Model of a Cartographic In
Page 17 and 18: PHOTOGRAMMETRY SESSIONS Introductio
Page 19 and 20: William 0. Lucoff of Cal. State at
Page 21: widths may be varied at random from
Page 25 and 26: Figure 2 Computer Controller EXPOSU
Page 27 and 28: — 1 X 0 u_ ABCDE M X ^ ^j to C£
Page 29 and 30: Figure 12 Portion of 48"X60" Chart
Page 31 and 32: 3. THE GAS SYSTEM Chicago Aerial Su
Page 33 and 34: mode and guides the operator throug
Page 35 and 36: Figure 1 - Input Edit Figure 2 - Li
Page 37 and 38: Figure 7 - illegal Elevations Figur
Page 39 and 40: L Figure 11-Matching Between Models
Page 41 and 42: 1. Street trees are defined as any
Page 43 and 44: exists between the calculated data
Page 45 and 46: Trom a conversation with Robert Lee
Page 47 and 48: II. The Alternatives Various conven
Page 49 and 50: With error correction as the final
Page 51 and 52: 1. Introduction PRACTICAL EXPERIENC
Page 53 and 54: instruments with digital mapping te
Page 55 and 56: the patterns and stores the digital
Page 57 and 58: o Provides the capability to conver
Page 59 and 60: II.System Description Figure 1 is a
Page 61 and 62: Status signals are located on the m
Page 63 and 64: which have been digitized and recor
Page 65 and 66: Figure 4 Digitized/Recorded Image C
Page 67 and 68: IMAGE PROCESSING The Image Processi
Page 69 and 70: II. Background The work reported in
Page 71 and 72: coordinates from topographic maps.
Page 73 and 74:
polation techniques are available i
Page 75 and 76:
egistrations. In all areas where re
Page 77 and 78:
THE INTERACTIVE IMAGE SYSTEM FOR TH
Page 79 and 80:
The operator may type in commands w
Page 81 and 82:
input, each request being terminate
Page 83 and 84:
The language elements invoke indepe
Page 85 and 86:
IMAGE PROCESSING AND NAVIGATION FOR
Page 87 and 88:
4. Image Acquisition and Amplitude
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disc); - the satellite spin-speed w
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line start. These parameters are se
Page 93 and 94:
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS FOR DIGITAL
Page 95 and 96:
need for early warning of impending
Page 97 and 98:
In order to manipulate classes of f
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depends mainly on the density of fe
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A DATA STRUCTURE FOR A RASTER MAP D
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FIG. 2. A border with indicated max
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pointers associated with the max-po
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y-max 1 z \7 'x-min \x-max 3 x-min
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DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS SESSIONS Int
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Their programs have been developed
Page 113 and 114:
that the purpose of the digital ter
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equirement for such a program is th
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equivalent to locating the lines of
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Brassel, K.,1974,"A Model of Americ
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It is not the intention of this pap
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One feature in this should be empha
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neighbouring data points to estimat
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Lawson, C.L., 1977. Software for C-
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EDIT SYSTEM HARDWARE The IPIN Edit
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Each edit terminal will also contai
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FIGURE 2. PLOT OF GEOMORPHIC DATA 1
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a 0° 0 0 + 0 o 0 FIGURE 4. SELECTE
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FIGURE 5. CONTOUR PLOT OF INTERPOLA
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absorbed in the merger if the diffe
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To an every-increasing degree, the
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potential storage volumes of depres
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Soil type sand, Vegetation trees -^
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References Brnjac, M; Carlsen, L; M
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is particularly important to allow
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(b) If Z-coordinate of the vertex B
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Figure 3a. TIN DTM Projection Figur
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URBAN MAPPING SESSIONS Introduction
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Norfolk, and Hampton Virginia. Part
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MAPPING SERVICES IN FAIRFAX COUNTY,
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If errors are detected they are res
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Some are only printed as the stocks
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URBAN MAPPING AND RELATED AUTOMATED
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tersection matching program was wri
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The selection of coding schemes wil
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cartography and are firmly committe
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main purpose of this paper. Five of
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The project was undertaken specific
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play and analysis. By breaking from
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The operating system environment is
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INTERACTIVE COMPUTER MAPPING* Thoma
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- By displaying variables in map fo
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with a start - head- and an end -ta
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Rovner, P.D and Feldman, J.A., 1968
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eading this complex type of map, (2
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y a law pertaining to persons 65 an
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So far the analysis has been concer
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enta separation to the family age g
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Mortality maps have been widely use
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1970 population values, growth rate
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CANCER MORTALITY BY CENSUS TRACT 19
Page 203 and 204:
References Burbank, F., Epidemiolog
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Computer graphics is changing all t
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time to define the uses to which th
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tually complete - we had a meeting
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EXPLORATION AND UTILITY SYSTEMS SES
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AUTOMATED MAPPING AND FACILITIES MA
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turned out to be a boon for automat
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As an example, one utility had five
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suburb of Denver, is a group of eng
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Introduction CADAE * (COMPUTER AIDE
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using CADAE, but the convenience an
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fractions of an inch to 1/64 or in
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Now that the viability of CADAE has
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"LANDFORM" LAND ANALYSIS AND DISPLA
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(2) Information Display (3) Design
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scales, and perspective views can b
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ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF DIGITAL
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Once the Map Grids are complete, th
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TOPOLOGICAL MODELS FOR ARCHITECTURA
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dimension, may be oriented in two w
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1-cells, and the 0-cells on the bou
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IX. One and two-dimensional structu
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looking from c^ to c9 near side far
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Figure 4 File Layout for Model of a
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DATA BASES, SMALL SYSTEMS There wer
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The consistency requirements are se
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A 0-cell is A 1-cell is a A 2-cell
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is a 2-ditnensional surface, and pr
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Our Algorithm From the topological
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(a) graph \ (b) disk: node 5 lO (c)
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as earthquake damage assessment, lo
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data is relatively simple. Problems
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In theory, the structure of such a
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BASIS resides on a minicomputer ope
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DATA BASES, LARGE SYSTEMS SESSIONS
Page 273 and 274:
Robert Haralick and Linda Shapiro o
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COMPUTER-ASSISTED ENVIRONMENTAL DAT
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System (GRIDS) and Calma Mapping Sy
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Results Space does not permit the r
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encoded data appear to be very sign
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NATIONAL OCEAN SURVEY—AUTOMATED I
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centered at NOS Headquarters, but r
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separately. There are also five of
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graphic, chart base, and labels may
Page 291 and 292:
Introduction GEOMODEL - INTEGRATED
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ace, income, miles of bus-lines, or
Page 295 and 296:
phrase pointer Figure Ib. 1-cell Fe
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Implementation The development plan
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ECQBASE OF BRITAIN: status report o
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1. Coastlines (high water mark) inc
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much statistical data, e.g. , from
Page 305 and 306:
Figure 1 Scale of digitisation of p
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I. Introduction A DATA STRUCTURE FO
Page 309 and 310:
One obvious division of the state i
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Figure 2 illustrates this structure
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Raster or grid form is another form
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For each type of spatial data struc
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The following questions are possibl
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4. Freeman, H., "Computer Processin
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also be generalized to remove exces
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Figure I. On the left, a map of zon
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The other important role the error
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REFERENCES Corbett, J. (1975). "Top
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The fundamental building block of a
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discussed previously are of the COD
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[2] Bonczek, R. H.; Holsapple, C. W
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REFERENCE BASE REFERENCE LINES NAP
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Polygon data, in contrast, results
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An alternative to grid resampling i
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Should this table already contain a
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Murray, F. W. (1968) A_ Method of O
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ships between units, and thereby fe
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ture, encode, reduce, edit, format,
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could be assigned to each 40-acre g
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more on chain encoding rather than
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RIDS-CURRENT TECHNOLOGY IN RESOURCE
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The RID system is designed to overl
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Data Input Once the relevant data h
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Data Manipulation Timber Contour Cu
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THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NATIONAL SMALL
Page 363 and 364:
III. The National Small-Scale Data
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cally-structured data base is under
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Appendix A: HAWAII: Hydrography U>
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INTERACTIVE CARTOGRAPHY, SMALL SYST
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options but it also extends our res
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sis techniques) information not pre
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media forming input to the system i
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D. CIS Data Base Limitations There
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input space into a set of 8 x 8 sub
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esolution of the system and the num
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impractical to use this terminal fo
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and heat from power plants into wat
Page 387 and 388:
The present and future Low-resoluti
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Development of GIMMAP at the Kansas
Page 391 and 392:
The second area of development is a
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GROUP Fig. 1
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MOVING INTERACTIVE THEMATIC MAPPING
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directives. Both map and data files
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Parameters are commonly of the form
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7. Conclusions In the s:!x months C
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INTERACTIVE CARTOGRAPHY, LARGE SYST
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developed at LBL has been particula
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printed at a common scale and forma
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
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V. Production Sequence The most imp
Page 413 and 414:
1. Introduction MULTIPLE SYSTEM INT
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measurements during map compilation
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Photogrammetric —— > Digitizer/
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intersections. These are a few exam
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Introduction ENERGY ANALYSIS BY MEA
Page 423 and 424:
enabled us to undertake runs consit
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Cost (k $) (D CD M M
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which seek to incorporate powerful
Page 429 and 430:
ELECTRON BEAM RECORDERS FOR AUTOMAT
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data files are supplied as an 8 Bit
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signals representative of map featu
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composite photograph prepared to sh
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Figure 5 16 AAIPS Approach Charts R
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Figure 8 - LANDSAT Image Recorded i
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AUTO-CARTO IV STAFF AND COMMITTEES
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University of Kansas Mike Hogben A'
Page 445 and 446:
Efi Arazi, President Sci-Tex Corp.,
Page 447 and 448:
Peter F. Bermel Chief, Eastern Mapp
Page 449 and 450:
Sherry K. Brown Princeton Universit
Page 451 and 452:
Steven D. Clark Petroleum Informati
Page 453 and 454:
Richard Davis NOAA, NOS 6001 Execut
Page 455 and 456:
John Durkin Suiranagraphics 35 Bren
Page 457 and 458:
E. Porrest A-E-C Automation Newslet
Page 459 and 460:
Barry J. Glick Middlebury College M
Page 461 and 462:
Jim Hargis M & S Computing Co. 14 I
Page 463 and 464:
Howard C. Hopps Dept. of Pathology
Page 465 and 466:
Lee P. Johnston GeoGraphic Decision
Page 467 and 468:
Herbert Kressler Defense Mapping Sc
Page 469 and 470:
D. Richard Lycan Center for Pop. Re
Page 471 and 472:
Robert K. McKinney Weyerhaeuser Co.
Page 473 and 474:
Joel L. Morrison Dept. of Geography
Page 475 and 476:
David Osiecki 83 Gerber Rd. South W
Page 477 and 478:
A.D. Poole Phillips Petroleum Co. 2
Page 479 and 480:
Dirck L. Rotty USDA Forest Service
Page 481 and 482:
Craig L. Shafer NFS 18 & C Street,
Page 483 and 484:
Bobby Staudt M & S Computing 406 Au
Page 485 and 486:
Laure Thompson George Mason Univers
Page 487 and 488:
D.J. Walker Image Graphics 107 Ardm
Page 489 and 490:
Alberta Auringer Wood Chairperson,
Page 491 and 492:
AUTHOR INDEX - VOLUME II Allam, M.
Page 493:
Schmidt, Warren E. ...............
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