Central Valley Aquifer, Chapters A and B - MAE Class Websites
Central Valley Aquifer, Chapters A and B - MAE Class Websites
Central Valley Aquifer, Chapters A and B - MAE Class Websites
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Chapter C<br />
Numerical Model of the Hydrologic L<strong>and</strong>scape <strong>and</strong> Groundwater Flow in<br />
California’s <strong>Central</strong> <strong>Valley</strong><br />
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................121<br />
Model Development ..................................................................................................................................121<br />
Discretization ....................................................................................................................................123<br />
Spatial Discretization <strong>and</strong> Layering ......................................................................................123<br />
Temporal Discretization .........................................................................................................126<br />
Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................................126<br />
Specified-Flow Boundaries ....................................................................................................128<br />
Pumpage ...................................................................................................................................128<br />
Agricultural Pumpage ....................................................................................................128<br />
Urban Pumpage ..............................................................................................................130<br />
Recharge from <strong>and</strong> Discharge to the Delta .........................................................................131<br />
Recharge from <strong>and</strong> Discharge to Canals <strong>and</strong> Streams .....................................................132<br />
Water-Table Simulation ...................................................................................................................132<br />
Farm Process (FMP) .........................................................................................................................132<br />
Delivery Requirement ..............................................................................................................134<br />
Soils ..............................................................................................................................135<br />
L<strong>and</strong> Use ...........................................................................................................................135<br />
Virtual Crop Maps ..................................................................................................139<br />
Crop-Type Data .......................................................................................................143<br />
Climate Data ....................................................................................................................151<br />
Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) ...................................................................151<br />
Precipitation ...........................................................................................................152<br />
Surface-Water Supply ............................................................................................................152<br />
Groundwater Supply ...............................................................................................................152<br />
Net Recharge ...........................................................................................................................154<br />
Hydraulic Properties.........................................................................................................................154<br />
Hydraulic Conductivity ............................................................................................................156<br />
Storage Properties ..................................................................................................................158<br />
Hydrogeologic Units ...............................................................................................................160<br />
Hydrogeologic Structures .....................................................................................................160<br />
Initial Conditions................................................................................................................................160<br />
Model Calibration <strong>and</strong> Sensitivity ...........................................................................................................161<br />
Observations Used in Model Calibration ......................................................................................161<br />
Water-Level Altitudes, Water-Level Altitude Changes, <strong>and</strong><br />
Water-Level Altitude Maps .......................................................................................163<br />
Water-Table <strong>and</strong> Potentiometric-Surface Maps .......................................................167<br />
Sacramento <strong>Valley</strong> .................................................................................................167<br />
Delta .....................................................................................................................167<br />
San Joaquin <strong>Valley</strong> ...............................................................................................170<br />
Tulare Basin ............................................................................................................170<br />
Streamflow Observations .......................................................................................................170<br />
Boundary Flow Observations .................................................................................................173<br />
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