Another look at velar deletion in Turkish, with special ... - Linguistics
Another look at velar deletion in Turkish, with special ... - Linguistics
Another look at velar deletion in Turkish, with special ... - Linguistics
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(18)<br />
Underly<strong>in</strong>g<br />
represent<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
(nom<strong>in</strong><strong>at</strong>ive) Accus<strong>at</strong>ive (/-I/) gloss<br />
/kibr/ [ki.bir] [kib.ri] *[kip.ri] ‘arrogance’<br />
kibir<br />
/haʤm/ [ha.ʤim]<br />
hakim<br />
/sabr/ [sa.bɯr]<br />
sabır<br />
/kabr/ [ka.bir]<br />
kabir<br />
/hicv/ [hi.ʤiv]<br />
hiciv<br />
/nabz/ [na.bɯz]<br />
nabız<br />
kibri<br />
[haʤ.mi]<br />
hakmi<br />
[sab.rɯ]<br />
sabrı<br />
[kab.ri]<br />
kabri<br />
[hiʤ.vi]<br />
hicvi<br />
[nab.zɯ]<br />
nabzı<br />
*[haʧ.mi] ‘volume’<br />
*[sap.rɯ] ‘p<strong>at</strong>ience’<br />
*[kap.ri] ‘grave’<br />
*[hiʧ.vi] ‘s<strong>at</strong>ire’<br />
*[nap.zɯ] ‘pulse’<br />
Inkelas & Orgun (1995) posit th<strong>at</strong> a cycle of root syllabific<strong>at</strong>ion captures the f<strong>in</strong>al C of<br />
CVC roots <strong>in</strong>to coda position, while leav<strong>in</strong>g the f<strong>in</strong>al C of longer roots extrasyllabic, and<br />
th<strong>at</strong> root-cycle syllabific<strong>at</strong>ion spares CVC roots from l<strong>at</strong>er voic<strong>in</strong>g altern<strong>at</strong>ions or <strong>velar</strong><br />
<strong>deletion</strong>. If, <strong>in</strong> a root like /CVCC/, the second C (C2) were syllabified as a coda on the root<br />
cycle, the Inkelas & Orgun analysis would predict C2 to resist voic<strong>in</strong>g altern<strong>at</strong>ions and/or<br />
<strong>velar</strong> <strong>deletion</strong>. Syllabify<strong>in</strong>g /CVCC/ roots as [CVC]C on the root cycle would also predict<br />
the absence of long vowels preced<strong>in</strong>g the underly<strong>in</strong>g clusters, s<strong>in</strong>ce such vowels would be<br />
shortened on the root cycle (hypothetical /CV:CC/→ [CVC]C). The TELL d<strong>at</strong>abase reveals<br />
no such forms, which is consistent <strong>with</strong> this analysis.<br />
It is true th<strong>at</strong> some of the epenthetic vowels <strong>in</strong> (15) and (18) are disharmonic (front,<br />
even though the stem-f<strong>in</strong>al vowel is back). Normally, epenthetic vowels harmonize <strong>with</strong> the<br />
preced<strong>in</strong>g vowel. One could possibly argue th<strong>at</strong> the disharmony <strong>in</strong> forms like kabir, kabr-i<br />
is evidence th<strong>at</strong> the vowels <strong>in</strong> question are underly<strong>in</strong>g, not epenthetic, s<strong>in</strong>ce their quality is<br />
not predictable. There are two reasons th<strong>at</strong> this argument would not bear on the issue <strong>at</strong><br />
hand, however. First, it is not practicable to tre<strong>at</strong> the vowels which altern<strong>at</strong>e <strong>with</strong> zero as<br />
underly<strong>in</strong>g, for the simple reason th<strong>at</strong> roots exhibit<strong>in</strong>g the vowel-zero altern<strong>at</strong>ion contrast<br />
<strong>with</strong> roots whose vowel is fixed. The dist<strong>in</strong>ction between koyun ‘bosom’ and koyun ‘sheep’<br />
would be impossible to represent unless the underly<strong>in</strong>g represent<strong>at</strong>ions are allowed to differ<br />
<strong>in</strong> the presence vs. absence of the second root vowel:<br />
13