BY ORDER OF THE AIR FORCE PAMPHLET 91-215 SECRETARY ...
BY ORDER OF THE AIR FORCE PAMPHLET 91-215 SECRETARY ... BY ORDER OF THE AIR FORCE PAMPHLET 91-215 SECRETARY ...
A2.B.15. THE TRAINING REALISM ASSESSMENT A2.B.15.1. FORMAL NAME. The training realism assessment A2.B.15.2. ALTERNATIVE NAMES. None A2.B.15.3. PURPOSE. The training realism assessment (TRA) is a procedure intended to assist in the detection and elimination or modification of safety restrictions that prevent fully effective training of military missions. Using a logic tree, the TRA assists in the detection of training realism shortcomings and then guides the user through the alternatives for overcoming them. A2.B.15.4. APPLICATION. The TRA is among the most critical ORM procedures in military organizations. The TRA should be applied in every case where there are significant differences between how the organization trains and how it intends to fight. It can also be used periodically to detect such differences. A2.B.15.5. METHOD. The TRA uses a job aid such as the one shown at Figure A2.32. The user identifies either a training application or a combat procedure. The training procedure is then compared step by step with the combat procedure (or vice versa). When differences are detected they are evaluated using the procedures in the job aid. Figure A2.32 Sample TRA Job Aid. HOW WE WILL FIGHT HOW WE WILL TRAIN OTHER CAUSES EVALUATE DIFFERENCES CREDITED TO SAFETY CHALLENGE AND VALIDATE NO SAFETY VALIDITY NEEDED-KEEP GET RID OF IT NO IMPACT UNDESIRED IMPACT ADOPT FOR FIX CAN’T FIX COMBAT RISK DECISION 80
A2.B.15.6. RESOURCES. Effective use of the TRA depends on the availability of personnel who understand in detail both the training and combat procedures. A2.B.15.7. COMMENTS. In a military organization, the TRA is a primary ORM tool that can not be overlooked. ORM seeks to create the optimum level of risk, not the lowest level of risk. The TRA is a key tool in achieving the optimum goal. Omitting use of the TRA creates the real risk that the ORM process may result in inappropriately conservative risk decisionmaking in pursuit of reduced risk as an end in itself. However, do not forget that ORM does not authorize violation of policy or standards. If an assessment identifies an area where a policy or standard unnecessarily restricts operations, seek to have the item changed or request a waiver as appropriate through applicable channels. A2.B.15.8. EXAMPLES. An example of the TRA in action is provided at Figure A2.33. Note that training realism assessments almost invariable create controversy. The objective of the tool is to resolve this controversy on the basis of the best possible information and on the foundation of the best possible risk management principles. The outcome should be a course of action in the best interests of the overall Air Force and national interests. 81
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A2.B.15.6. RESOURCES. Effective use of the TRA depends on the availability of personnel who<br />
understand in detail both the training and combat procedures.<br />
A2.B.15.7. COMMENTS. In a military organization, the TRA is a primary ORM tool that can not be<br />
overlooked. ORM seeks to create the optimum level of risk, not the lowest level of risk. The TRA is a<br />
key tool in achieving the optimum goal. Omitting use of the TRA creates the real risk that the ORM<br />
process may result in inappropriately conservative risk decisionmaking in pursuit of reduced risk as an end<br />
in itself. However, do not forget that ORM does not authorize violation of policy or standards. If an<br />
assessment identifies an area where a policy or standard unnecessarily restricts operations, seek to have the<br />
item changed or request a waiver as appropriate through applicable channels.<br />
A2.B.15.8. EXAMPLES. An example of the TRA in action is provided at Figure A2.33. Note that<br />
training realism assessments almost invariable create controversy. The objective of the tool is to resolve<br />
this controversy on the basis of the best possible information and on the foundation of the best possible risk<br />
management principles. The outcome should be a course of action in the best interests of the overall Air<br />
Force and national interests.<br />
81
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