JP 3-50 National Search and Rescue Manual Vol I - US Navy

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as Rescue Coordination Centers. Operations Stage: A period during a SAR incident when SAR facilities proceed to the scene, conduct search, rescue survivors, assist distressed craft, provide emergency care for survivors, and deliver survivors to a suitable facility. Overlap Zone: Area of predetermined width common to two or more service areas. PAN: The international radio-telephony urgency signal. When repeated three times indicates uncertainty or alert, followed by nature of urgency. Parachute Drift (dp): The combined drift of parachute glide ratio and its displacement due to winds aloft. Planning Stage: A period during a SAR incident when an effective plan of operations is developed. Position: Either of two alert solutions representing a geographical place normally expressed in degrees and minutes of latitude and longitude. Positioning: Process of determining a position which can serve as a geographical reference for conducting a search. Preliminary Communications Search (PRECOM): Initial limited communications check, normally directed by the SMC during the Uncertainty phase, of areas where the missing persons may be. Primary Radar Return: Radar signal (RF) energy reflected off of skin or surface of an aircraft. Primary RCC: Rescue Coordination Center with an associated Search and Rescue Region into which a position falls. Primary Swell: The swell system having the greatest height from trough to crest. Glos-6
Probability of Detection (POD): The probability that the search object will be detected provided it is in the area searched. Measures search results. Probability of Success (POS): The probability the search object is in the search area and that it will be located. Measure of search effectiveness. Probability Area: Area in which it is believed a distress case may be located. Radarfind (RADF): Computer program designed to rapidly locate available recorded radar data to assist in the location of missing/downed aircraft. RCC Controller: The SAR Coordinator's duty officer in the RCC. Real Position: Position from which a signal is emanating. Repeated Expansion: Successive enlargement of the search area. Rescue Coordination Center (RCC): A unit responsible for promoting efficient organization of SAR services and coordinating conduct of SAR operations within a Search and Rescue Region (SRR). Rescue Sub-Center (RSC): A unit subordinate to an RCC established to complement the latter within a specified Sector within a Search and Rescue Region. Rescue Unit (RU): A unit composed of trained personnel and provided with equipment suitable for expeditious conduct of rescue operations. Rhumb Line: Line between two points on a mercator projection chart. Right of Assistance Entry (RAE): The right to enter a foreign territorial sea to engage in bona fide efforts to render emergency assistance to those in danger or distress from perils of the sea. Safety Factor (fs): A factor used to enlarge the search area to increase the chance of the target being in the search area. SAR Airspace Reservation: Temporary airspace reservation to prevent non-SAR aircraft from interfering with SAR operations. SAR Briefing Officer: An officer appointed, usually by the SMC, to brief departing SRUs and debrief returning SRUs. SAR Case: Any potential or actual distress about which a unit opens a documentary file, whether or not SAR resources are dispatched. SAR Coordinator (SC): The agency or official responsible for the SAR organization and coordination of SAR operations in a given area or region.
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JOINT PUB 3-50 NATIONAL SEARCH AND
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e. Update of information and graph
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PREFACE Volume I: National Search a
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. Joint Pub 3-50.1/COMDTINST M16120
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ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS A Search Are
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COSPAS Cosmicheskaya Sistyema Poisk
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FIS Flight Information Service FIXe
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MAC Military Airlift Command MARAD
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PMC Parallel Multiunit Circle PMN P
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TFR Temporary Flight Restriction TL
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CHAPTER 1. SAR SYSTEM AND ORGANIZAT
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consolidates the information needed
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} Figure 1-2. United States Search
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Commander, 9th Coast Guard District
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131 The SAR Coordinator SC | SMC |
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1. The shore station nearest the re
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(3) Determine the mission-ready sta
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. A Wreckage Locator File with all
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directories, SMC planning and docum
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on scene conditions advising the SM
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lifeboats or liferafts, oil slicks,
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CHAPTER 2. SAR ORGANIZATIONS, AGENC
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Ship SAR Manual (MERSAR) contains p
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messages addressed to CIRM Roma. 2.
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for SAR. 1. National Oceanic and At
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snowmobiles, scuba teams, and track
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surface SRUs can arrive. a. SAR hel
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3. Maneuverability is necessary for
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has an ailing seaman, and can rescu
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manning and configuration. Larger v
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physical training, skill in communi
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special qualifications desirable in
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Overseas Region the Alaskan CAP Win
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platform. Also of use for SAR are c
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3130.16 series. The SMC should de-a
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continental U.S. and at offshore lo
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the potential for recording data wi
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other craft or radio stations: 1. A
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EPIRBs. 9. 27.065 kHz (Citizens Ban
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vessels) will be required to carry
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. Non-compliance with FCC Rules and
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9. SART. 10. MF DSC, used to initia
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4. FAA Domestic Teletype Networks,
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3023 kHz (USB), 123.1 MHz, and 282.
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3. 2638 kHz, all areas. 4. 2738 kHz
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SRUs and agencies. A search action
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2. Rescue Area f. SRUs on scene a.
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extended time, a Notice to Mariners
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The receiving and recording of info
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case. The SMC is often automaticall
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any source. b. There is suspicion t
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The craft's float or flight plan is
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Figure 4-1. Water Chill Without Ant
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s Figure 4-2. Wind Chill Graph - Eq
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445 Weather A. Weather may limit SA
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451 Uncertainty Phase An Emergency
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471 PRECOM A. PRECOM search contact
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the objective during their normal o
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effective search plan. The plan may
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D. Other SAR planning models, such
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1. The aircraft glide area shown in
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Figure 5-3. Vector Plots of Surface
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TABLE 5-1. Parachute Drift Distance
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the search object has, the greater
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B. Sea Current (SC) is the residual
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Figure 5-6A. Wind Current - North L
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large lake can vary with season, we
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5. Other on scene observations can
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520 SEARCH AREA Figure 5-8. Minimax
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Figure 5-9. Drift Error by Minimax
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DRe to determine SRU error (Y = Fix
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Figure 5-11. Search Areas - Moving
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E. When only a datum area exists, s
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SRUs are dispatched next. Supplemen
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B. POD can be increased by decreasi
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C. Visual sweep widths are determin
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TABLE 5-6. Visual Sweep Width Estim
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9. Fatigue. Degradation of detectio
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Table 5-8. Height of Eye vs. Horizo
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6. Sweep widths for Side-Looking Ai
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TABLE 5-11a. Sweep Widths for Forwa
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Sweep widths should be approximated
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TABLE 5-14. Environmental Limitatio
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Figure 5-19. Maritime Probability o
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again, unless it is determined furt
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c. This track spacing may exceed th
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a. E-7 corners 23 15N 74 35W to 23
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E. Orienting Search Areas Search pa
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Figure 5-21. Typical Assignments fo
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The major pattern characteristic is
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Figure 5-26. Figure 5-27. 3. Parall
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Figure 5-31. Figure 5-32. D. Creepi
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area, they must fly their individua
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for large objects in well-defined s
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I. Homing Patterns (H) are used to
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completed, the initial area, not th
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Pattern Name SRU required Remarks T
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560 PLANNING OF ON SCENE COORDINATI
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NOTAM for non-SAR aircraft to remai
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described as previously discussed,
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procedures for aircraft SRUs should
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1. Where sea current, tidal current
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eturn to base. E. Continuous attent
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to minimize clutter. While this is
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642 Aircraft Search A. Overwater Se
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one leg to the next without the nee
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everses course. The course on which
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645 Scanning Figure 6-5. Search for
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Figure 6-6. Marine SRU Crossleg Fig
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a. The effects of time on task vary
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Figure 6-9. Range Estimation 6-12
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5. Scanners forced to look into the
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645 Search Target This effect can b
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Figure 6-12. Effects of Altitude on
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Figure 6-16. Factors in Radar Detec
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C. Multisensor search is either mul
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Figure 6-18. INS Pattern for Reloca
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1. Initial sighting--Drop smoke and
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altitude to make the sighting repor
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lue and white checkered flag), or s
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Rescue planning involves dispatchin
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pararescue teams can place medicall
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Speed and ability to sustain surviv
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1. Sustaining life. Immediately upo
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other factors affecting rescue. 742
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Figure 7-2. Helicopter Racetrack Es
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2. Rations packs - concentrated or
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753 Rescue by Ship diverting or dis
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than 6 feet (2 meters) apart, inter
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800 General 810 Aircraft Searches 8
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TABLE 8-1. Inland Probability of De
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strength of the wind and steepness
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the area of greatest turbulence, an
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823 Air/Ground Coordination An SMC,
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2. A team leader is responsible for
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Figure 8-4. PM Search Pattern for L
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the track spacing would be 100 feet
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1. Scale 1:24,000 is the best for l
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Figure 8-6. Ground Search Area Plot
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Page 301 and 302: 1200 General 1210 Domestic Framewor
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Page 317 and 318: 1323 News and Photograph Pool A new
Page 319 and 320: GLOSSARY A-probability: Percentage
Page 321 and 322: Awareness Range: Distance at which
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Page 329: Military Assistance to Safety and T
Page 333 and 334: Search Action Plan: Message, normal
Page 335 and 336: SRU Error (Y): Search craft error b
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Page 339 and 340: Hydrographic Office. H.O. Pub 100.
Page 341 and 342: Emergency Response Institute. Helic
Page 343 and 344: University of Hawaii. Studies on Hu
Page 345 and 346: List of Ship Stations. Geneva, Swit
Page 347 and 348: 1. POLICY APPENDIX A. NATIONAL SEAR
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Page 351 and 352: Area for the advantageous execution
Page 353 and 354: maintain liaison with and support e
Page 355 and 356: Figure A-1. United States Search an
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Page 363 and 364: established by the Convention on In
Page 365 and 366: December 12, 1986 Agreement Concern
Page 367 and 368: outstretched to each side. j. Inver
Page 369 and 370: Black or white smoke bursts, 10 sec
Page 371 and 372: Figure C-2. Surface-Air Visual Sign
Page 373 and 374: Figure C-5. Panel Signals C-5
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c. In the CSR pattern, the actual c
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adjacent to it, are the following:
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d. If the shaded portions of Figure
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3. Relative motion pattern solution
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through the tail of the ship's vect
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Request the aircraft to report amou
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information, TACAN/DME ranging disp
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APPENDIX F. TEMPORARY FLIGHT RESTRI
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4. Normally, incidents in an aircra
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LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES Subject Mat
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JP 3-50 National Search and Rescue Manual Vol I - US Navy

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