JP 3-50 National Search and Rescue Manual Vol I - US Navy

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700 General CHAPTER 7. RESCUE PLANNING AND OPERATIONS 710 Rescue Planning 711 Survivability Considerations 712 Environmental Considerations 713 Selection of Rescue Method 714 Selection of Rescue Facilities 715 Special Medical Considerations 716 Optimum Rescue Plan 717 Attainable Rescue Plan 720 Delivery Planning 721 Selection of a Safe Delivery Point 722 Selection of a Rescue Unit (RU) 730 Planning for Rescues in Difficult Environments 740 Rescue Operations 741 Rescue Briefing 742 RU Dispatch and Transit 743 SAR Helicopter Escort 750 On Scene Rescue and Delivery Procedures 751 Aerial Delivery 752 Rescue by Aircraft 753 Rescue by Ship 754 Rescue by Boat 755 Coordinated Helicopter/Boat Rescues 756 Underwater Rescue 757 Special Considerations 760 RU Relief and Return to Base 770 Survivor Emergency Care and Debriefing 700 GENERAL Efficient and effective rescue planning and operations are critical to saving lives. Planning involves evaluating survivor location and condition, selecting an appropriate rescue method and facilities, devising a rescue plan, and selecting a delivery point and means of transport. The Rescue Units (RUs) are then briefed and carry out the rescue plan. The RU commander determines the actual rescue method used, based on conditions on scene and RU capabilities. Safety of the RU and the survivors is the primary concern. The terms "Rescue Unit" and "RU" are commonly used internationally and refer to units on rescue-only missions, or to facilities designed and equipped primarily for rescue work. Such units may or may not be useful as search platforms. 710 RESCUE PLANNING
Rescue planning involves dispatching or diverting RUs for rescue of personnel and property in distress. SRUs at the distress scene should, if able, rescue without delay; if they are unable, rescue planning may be necessary to effect rescue. Rescue planning follows a logical sequence: 1. Evaluating survivability. 2. Evaluating the environment. 3. Selecting the rescue method. 4. Selecting rescue facilities. 5. Developing an optimum rescue plan. 6. Developing an attainable rescue plan. 711 Survivability Considerations When evaluating rescue response, survival time of personnel is the foremost consideration. The SMC should consider injuries or other medical conditions that might require special rescue response, such as the need for quick recovery or specialized rescue equipment. Factors to consider include: A. The number of survivors. B. The condition of survivors. If not known, assume urgent medical attention will be required. If known, obtain a detailed description of injuries. This will determine the need for stretchers, oxygen, blood plasma, intravenous fluids, or other medical supplies. C. Medical action taken by the survivors or resources at the scene. D. Hazardous environmental conditions. 712 Environmental Considerations Environmental considerations are many and varied. They include: A. Nature of environment, such as desert, arctic, ocean, or swamp. B. Location of survivors within the environment, particularly survivors trapped in hazardous areas. C. Weather conditions and potential effect on rescue operations and survivor life expectancy. 7-1
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JOINT PUB 3-50 NATIONAL SEARCH AND
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e. Update of information and graph
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PREFACE Volume I: National Search a
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. Joint Pub 3-50.1/COMDTINST M16120
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ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS A Search Are
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COSPAS Cosmicheskaya Sistyema Poisk
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FIS Flight Information Service FIXe
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MAC Military Airlift Command MARAD
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PMC Parallel Multiunit Circle PMN P
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TFR Temporary Flight Restriction TL
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CHAPTER 1. SAR SYSTEM AND ORGANIZAT
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consolidates the information needed
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} Figure 1-2. United States Search
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Commander, 9th Coast Guard District
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131 The SAR Coordinator SC | SMC |
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1. The shore station nearest the re
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(3) Determine the mission-ready sta
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. A Wreckage Locator File with all
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directories, SMC planning and docum
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on scene conditions advising the SM
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lifeboats or liferafts, oil slicks,
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CHAPTER 2. SAR ORGANIZATIONS, AGENC
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Ship SAR Manual (MERSAR) contains p
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messages addressed to CIRM Roma. 2.
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for SAR. 1. National Oceanic and At
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snowmobiles, scuba teams, and track
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surface SRUs can arrive. a. SAR hel
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3. Maneuverability is necessary for
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has an ailing seaman, and can rescu
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manning and configuration. Larger v
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physical training, skill in communi
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special qualifications desirable in
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Overseas Region the Alaskan CAP Win
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platform. Also of use for SAR are c
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3130.16 series. The SMC should de-a
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continental U.S. and at offshore lo
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the potential for recording data wi
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other craft or radio stations: 1. A
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EPIRBs. 9. 27.065 kHz (Citizens Ban
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vessels) will be required to carry
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. Non-compliance with FCC Rules and
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9. SART. 10. MF DSC, used to initia
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4. FAA Domestic Teletype Networks,
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3023 kHz (USB), 123.1 MHz, and 282.
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3. 2638 kHz, all areas. 4. 2738 kHz
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SRUs and agencies. A search action
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2. Rescue Area f. SRUs on scene a.
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extended time, a Notice to Mariners
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The receiving and recording of info
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case. The SMC is often automaticall
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any source. b. There is suspicion t
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The craft's float or flight plan is
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Figure 4-1. Water Chill Without Ant
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s Figure 4-2. Wind Chill Graph - Eq
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445 Weather A. Weather may limit SA
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451 Uncertainty Phase An Emergency
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471 PRECOM A. PRECOM search contact
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the objective during their normal o
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effective search plan. The plan may
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D. Other SAR planning models, such
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1. The aircraft glide area shown in
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Figure 5-3. Vector Plots of Surface
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TABLE 5-1. Parachute Drift Distance
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the search object has, the greater
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B. Sea Current (SC) is the residual
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Figure 5-6A. Wind Current - North L
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large lake can vary with season, we
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5. Other on scene observations can
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520 SEARCH AREA Figure 5-8. Minimax
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Figure 5-9. Drift Error by Minimax
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DRe to determine SRU error (Y = Fix
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Figure 5-11. Search Areas - Moving
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E. When only a datum area exists, s
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SRUs are dispatched next. Supplemen
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B. POD can be increased by decreasi
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C. Visual sweep widths are determin
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TABLE 5-6. Visual Sweep Width Estim
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9. Fatigue. Degradation of detectio
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Table 5-8. Height of Eye vs. Horizo
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6. Sweep widths for Side-Looking Ai
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TABLE 5-11a. Sweep Widths for Forwa
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Sweep widths should be approximated
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TABLE 5-14. Environmental Limitatio
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Figure 5-19. Maritime Probability o
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again, unless it is determined furt
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c. This track spacing may exceed th
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a. E-7 corners 23 15N 74 35W to 23
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E. Orienting Search Areas Search pa
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Figure 5-21. Typical Assignments fo
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The major pattern characteristic is
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Figure 5-26. Figure 5-27. 3. Parall
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Figure 5-31. Figure 5-32. D. Creepi
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area, they must fly their individua
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for large objects in well-defined s
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Page 209 and 210: 642 Aircraft Search A. Overwater Se
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Page 215 and 216: 645 Scanning Figure 6-5. Search for
Page 217 and 218: Figure 6-6. Marine SRU Crossleg Fig
Page 219 and 220: a. The effects of time on task vary
Page 221 and 222: Figure 6-9. Range Estimation 6-12
Page 223 and 224: 5. Scanners forced to look into the
Page 225 and 226: 645 Search Target This effect can b
Page 227 and 228: Figure 6-12. Effects of Altitude on
Page 229 and 230: Figure 6-16. Factors in Radar Detec
Page 231 and 232: C. Multisensor search is either mul
Page 233 and 234: Figure 6-18. INS Pattern for Reloca
Page 235 and 236: 1. Initial sighting--Drop smoke and
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Page 245 and 246: Speed and ability to sustain surviv
Page 247 and 248: 1. Sustaining life. Immediately upo
Page 249 and 250: other factors affecting rescue. 742
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Page 253 and 254: 2. Rations packs - concentrated or
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Page 259 and 260: 800 General 810 Aircraft Searches 8
Page 261 and 262: TABLE 8-1. Inland Probability of De
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Page 269 and 270: 2. A team leader is responsible for
Page 271 and 272: Figure 8-4. PM Search Pattern for L
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Page 275 and 276: 1. Scale 1:24,000 is the best for l
Page 277 and 278: Figure 8-6. Ground Search Area Plot
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Page 281 and 282: 5. As indicated previously, it is i
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Page 289 and 290: 1000 General 1010 Mission Suspensio
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accept that the search cannot conti
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used for statistical analysis, syst
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Each RCC maintains a chronological
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aircraft that they are near the sce
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(day or night), date, search area a
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1200 General 1210 Domestic Framewor
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G. 46 USC 2304 requires a master or
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differing requirements of each coun
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RCC, which will plan the search and
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commander and the Department of Sta
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1240 PRIVATE PROPERTY 1241 Entering
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CHAPTER 13. SAR MISSION PUBLIC RELA
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equests for information, and use ne
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1323 News and Photograph Pool A new
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GLOSSARY A-probability: Percentage
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Awareness Range: Distance at which
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3. Ratio of sweep width to track sp
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Recorded data is retained for 15 da
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Inadvertent Alarm Rate: Ratio of in
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Military Assistance to Safety and T
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Probability of Detection (POD): The
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Search Action Plan: Message, normal
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SRU Error (Y): Search craft error b
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composed of significant assigned co
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Hydrographic Office. H.O. Pub 100.
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Emergency Response Institute. Helic
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University of Hawaii. Studies on Hu
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List of Ship Stations. Geneva, Swit
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1. POLICY APPENDIX A. NATIONAL SEAR
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use of wire and radio facilities fo
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Area for the advantageous execution
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maintain liaison with and support e
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Figure A-1. United States Search an
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air SAR units, and provide guidance
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far as possible, afford adequate me
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which shall act in close and contin
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established by the Convention on In
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December 12, 1986 Agreement Concern
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outstretched to each side. j. Inver
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Black or white smoke bursts, 10 sec
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Figure C-2. Surface-Air Visual Sign
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Figure C-5. Panel Signals C-5
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to the 26-foot sailboat row to obta
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straightaway length (x) of the cros
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These patterns are variations of th
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c. In the CSR pattern, the actual c
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adjacent to it, are the following:
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d. If the shaded portions of Figure
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3. Relative motion pattern solution
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through the tail of the ship's vect
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Request the aircraft to report amou
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information, TACAN/DME ranging disp
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APPENDIX F. TEMPORARY FLIGHT RESTRI
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4. Normally, incidents in an aircra
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LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES Subject Mat
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