JP 3-50 National Search and Rescue Manual Vol I - US Navy

JP 3-50 National Search and Rescue Manual Vol I - US Navy JP 3-50 National Search and Rescue Manual Vol I - US Navy

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search at about the same time). 2. Second, the SMC assigns the CSP as the south west corner. This helps maintain separation between the two aircraft in A-1 and A-2, and between the two aircraft in A-3 and A-4, by a distance equal to the individual search area length (assuming A-1 and A-2 start search at about the same time, A-3 and A-4 start search at about the same time, and SRUs operate at the same speed). 3. Third, the SMC assigns search altitudes of 500 feet for A-1 and A-4, and 1,000 feet for A-2 and A-3. This provides positive vertical separation between each aircraft and adjacent aircraft. 4. Air-to-air TACAN channels are assigned to search areas for use by the SRUs. TACAN channel pairing must be 63 channels apart for air-to-air ranging operations. If SRU equipment allows the use of TACAN Y instead of TACAN X channels, interference with shore stations is reduced. The aircraft in A-1 and A-2 and in A-3 and A-4 would be concerned with approaching each other, even with an altitude separation of 500 feet. Therefore, the SMC could pair SRUs in A-1 and A-2 on TACAN channels 20 and 83, and A-3 and A-4 aircraft on channels 30 and 93. If the paired aircraft approach a common boundary simultaneously, they can monitor distance separation. 5. Unless there is a large difference in the commence search times of the two diagonally opposite aircraft, the SMC assumes that adequate lateral and vertical separation will be maintained as long as each aircraft properly executes the assigned search pattern. No SRU should approach another SRU at a distance of less than one track space. The SRU flies the legs nearest the search pattern perimeter at one-half of a track spacing inside its search area boundary. 5-33

Figure 5-21. Typical Assignments for SRUs E. Outside the search area, lateral and vertical separation of aircraft is provided either by air traffic control (ATC) agencies under instrument flying rules, or by the aircraft themselves under visual flying rules. Since control of air traffic by ATC in the search area is usually not feasible because of low search altitudes, overall responsibility for maintaining safe separation within the search area rests with the OSC. 550 SEARCH PATTERN SELECTION To ensure that the search area is uniformly searched, use of standard search patterns allows the SMC to calculate probable search effectiveness. This information is valuable for assigning SRUs, and for planning future searches. 551 Factors in Selection A. Search pattern selection depends on many factors, including accuracy of datum, search area size, number and capabilities of SRUs, environmental conditions, size of search target, and type of survivor detection aids. While the factors are interrelated, some may be more important than others. The SMC should satisfy the more important factors while meeting others as nearly as possible. B. The type and number of available SRUs are controlling factors in selection of search patterns. SRU turning diameters, speeds, detection capability, and navigational accuracy have a significant impact on the uniformity of search area coverage and on POD. POD curves are valid only when SRUs follow search pattern tracks accurately. 1. Surface Craft. Navigation accuracy of surface 5-34

search at about the same time).<br />

2. Second, the SMC assigns the CSP as the south west corner.<br />

This helps maintain separation between the two aircraft in A-1<br />

<strong>and</strong> A-2, <strong>and</strong> between the two aircraft in A-3 <strong>and</strong> A-4, by a<br />

distance equal to the individual search area length (assuming<br />

A-1 <strong>and</strong> A-2 start search at about the same time, A-3 <strong>and</strong> A-4<br />

start search at about the same time, <strong>and</strong> SRUs operate at the<br />

same speed).<br />

3. Third, the SMC assigns search altitudes of <strong>50</strong>0 feet for A-1<br />

<strong>and</strong> A-4, <strong>and</strong> 1,000 feet for A-2 <strong>and</strong> A-3. This provides<br />

positive vertical separation between each aircraft <strong>and</strong><br />

adjacent aircraft.<br />

4. Air-to-air TACAN channels are assigned to search areas for use<br />

by the SRUs. TACAN channel pairing must be 63 channels apart<br />

for air-to-air ranging operations. If SRU equipment allows<br />

the use of TACAN Y instead of TACAN X channels, interference<br />

with shore stations is reduced. The aircraft in A-1 <strong>and</strong> A-2<br />

<strong>and</strong> in A-3 <strong>and</strong> A-4 would be concerned with approaching each<br />

other, even with an altitude separation of <strong>50</strong>0 feet.<br />

Therefore, the SMC could pair SRUs in A-1 <strong>and</strong> A-2 on TACAN<br />

channels 20 <strong>and</strong> 83, <strong>and</strong> A-3 <strong>and</strong> A-4 aircraft on channels 30<br />

<strong>and</strong> 93. If the paired aircraft approach a common boundary<br />

simultaneously, they can monitor distance separation.<br />

5. Unless there is a large difference in the commence search<br />

times of the two diagonally opposite aircraft, the SMC assumes<br />

that adequate lateral <strong>and</strong> vertical separation will be<br />

maintained as long as each aircraft properly executes the<br />

assigned search pattern. No SRU should approach another SRU<br />

at a distance of less than one track space. The SRU flies the<br />

legs nearest the search pattern perimeter at one-half of a<br />

track spacing inside its search area boundary.<br />

5-33

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