JP 3-50 National Search and Rescue Manual Vol I - US Navy

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B. Parachute Drift (dp) is the combination of parachute glide ratio and displacement due to winds aloft. Opening altitude, parachute type, and glide ratio, as well as average winds aloft and terrain height, should be considered when computing dp. 1. Most U.S. military parachutes automatically deploy at 14,000 feet, while Canadian Defence Force parachutes deploy at 16,400 feet. Some aircraft which operate regularly over mountains set automatic opening devices for 2,000 feet above the highest mountain peak in the operating area. The parent agency should be contacted to determine specific parachute characteristics. 2. If parachute opening altitude is not available, SMCs should assume: a. Military parachutes open at 14,000 feet, or at bailout altitude if below 14,000 feet. b. Civilian parachutes open at bailout altitude, or if below 14,000 feet, at ATC-assigned altitude. For situations mandating descent, such as engine failure, calculations should make allowance for loss of altitude before bailout. Parent agency policy on minimum engine restart altitude (PARACHUTE OPENED AT 8000 FEET OVER OCEAN) Figure 5-4. Average Winds Aloft Example
TABLE 5-1. Parachute Drift Distance (Zero Glide Ratio) (Distance in miles of landing positions downwind from position of parachute opening) Wind in Knots Parachute-Opening Height 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 30,000 ft. (9,000m) 3.7 7.4 11.1 14.7 18.4 22.1 25.8 20,000 ft. (6,000m) 2.7 5.3 8.0 10.7 13.3 16.0 18.7 14,000 ft. (4,300m) 1.9 3.8 5.7 7.7 9.5 11.4 13.3 10,000 ft. (3,050m) 1.4 2.8 4.2 5.7 7.0 8.3 9.7 8,000 ft. (2,400m) 1.2 2.3 3.5 4.6 5.8 6.9 8.1 6,000 ft. (1,800m) .9 1.7 2.6 3.5 4.4 5.2 6.1 4,000 ft. (1,200m) .6 1.2 1.8 2.4 3.0 3.5 4.1 2,000 ft. (600m) .3 .6 .9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 5-5
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JOINT PUB 3-50 NATIONAL SEARCH AND
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e. Update of information and graph
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PREFACE Volume I: National Search a
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. Joint Pub 3-50.1/COMDTINST M16120
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ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS A Search Are
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COSPAS Cosmicheskaya Sistyema Poisk
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FIS Flight Information Service FIXe
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MAC Military Airlift Command MARAD
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PMC Parallel Multiunit Circle PMN P
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TFR Temporary Flight Restriction TL
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CHAPTER 1. SAR SYSTEM AND ORGANIZAT
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consolidates the information needed
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} Figure 1-2. United States Search
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Commander, 9th Coast Guard District
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131 The SAR Coordinator SC | SMC |
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1. The shore station nearest the re
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(3) Determine the mission-ready sta
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. A Wreckage Locator File with all
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directories, SMC planning and docum
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on scene conditions advising the SM
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lifeboats or liferafts, oil slicks,
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CHAPTER 2. SAR ORGANIZATIONS, AGENC
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Ship SAR Manual (MERSAR) contains p
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messages addressed to CIRM Roma. 2.
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for SAR. 1. National Oceanic and At
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snowmobiles, scuba teams, and track
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surface SRUs can arrive. a. SAR hel
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3. Maneuverability is necessary for
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has an ailing seaman, and can rescu
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manning and configuration. Larger v
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physical training, skill in communi
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special qualifications desirable in
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Overseas Region the Alaskan CAP Win
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platform. Also of use for SAR are c
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3130.16 series. The SMC should de-a
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continental U.S. and at offshore lo
Page 73 and 74: the potential for recording data wi
Page 75 and 76: other craft or radio stations: 1. A
Page 77 and 78: EPIRBs. 9. 27.065 kHz (Citizens Ban
Page 79 and 80: vessels) will be required to carry
Page 81 and 82: . Non-compliance with FCC Rules and
Page 83 and 84: 9. SART. 10. MF DSC, used to initia
Page 85 and 86: 4. FAA Domestic Teletype Networks,
Page 87 and 88: 3023 kHz (USB), 123.1 MHz, and 282.
Page 89 and 90: 3. 2638 kHz, all areas. 4. 2738 kHz
Page 91 and 92: SRUs and agencies. A search action
Page 93 and 94: 2. Rescue Area f. SRUs on scene a.
Page 95 and 96: extended time, a Notice to Mariners
Page 97 and 98: The receiving and recording of info
Page 99 and 100: case. The SMC is often automaticall
Page 101 and 102: any source. b. There is suspicion t
Page 103 and 104: The craft's float or flight plan is
Page 105 and 106: Figure 4-1. Water Chill Without Ant
Page 107 and 108: s Figure 4-2. Wind Chill Graph - Eq
Page 109 and 110: 445 Weather A. Weather may limit SA
Page 111 and 112: 451 Uncertainty Phase An Emergency
Page 113 and 114: 471 PRECOM A. PRECOM search contact
Page 115 and 116: the objective during their normal o
Page 117 and 118: effective search plan. The plan may
Page 119 and 120: D. Other SAR planning models, such
Page 121 and 122: 1. The aircraft glide area shown in
Page 123: Figure 5-3. Vector Plots of Surface
Page 127 and 128: the search object has, the greater
Page 129 and 130: B. Sea Current (SC) is the residual
Page 131 and 132: Figure 5-6A. Wind Current - North L
Page 133 and 134: large lake can vary with season, we
Page 135 and 136: 5. Other on scene observations can
Page 137 and 138: 520 SEARCH AREA Figure 5-8. Minimax
Page 139 and 140: Figure 5-9. Drift Error by Minimax
Page 141 and 142: DRe to determine SRU error (Y = Fix
Page 143 and 144: Figure 5-11. Search Areas - Moving
Page 145 and 146: E. When only a datum area exists, s
Page 147 and 148: SRUs are dispatched next. Supplemen
Page 149 and 150: B. POD can be increased by decreasi
Page 151 and 152: C. Visual sweep widths are determin
Page 153 and 154: TABLE 5-6. Visual Sweep Width Estim
Page 155 and 156: 9. Fatigue. Degradation of detectio
Page 157 and 158: Table 5-8. Height of Eye vs. Horizo
Page 159 and 160: 6. Sweep widths for Side-Looking Ai
Page 161 and 162: TABLE 5-11a. Sweep Widths for Forwa
Page 163 and 164: Sweep widths should be approximated
Page 165 and 166: TABLE 5-14. Environmental Limitatio
Page 167 and 168: Figure 5-19. Maritime Probability o
Page 169 and 170: again, unless it is determined furt
Page 171 and 172: c. This track spacing may exceed th
Page 173 and 174: a. E-7 corners 23 15N 74 35W to 23
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E. Orienting Search Areas Search pa
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Figure 5-21. Typical Assignments fo
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The major pattern characteristic is
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Figure 5-26. Figure 5-27. 3. Parall
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Figure 5-31. Figure 5-32. D. Creepi
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area, they must fly their individua
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for large objects in well-defined s
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I. Homing Patterns (H) are used to
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completed, the initial area, not th
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Pattern Name SRU required Remarks T
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560 PLANNING OF ON SCENE COORDINATI
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NOTAM for non-SAR aircraft to remai
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described as previously discussed,
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procedures for aircraft SRUs should
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1. Where sea current, tidal current
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eturn to base. E. Continuous attent
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to minimize clutter. While this is
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642 Aircraft Search A. Overwater Se
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one leg to the next without the nee
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everses course. The course on which
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645 Scanning Figure 6-5. Search for
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Figure 6-6. Marine SRU Crossleg Fig
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a. The effects of time on task vary
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Figure 6-9. Range Estimation 6-12
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5. Scanners forced to look into the
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645 Search Target This effect can b
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Figure 6-12. Effects of Altitude on
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Figure 6-16. Factors in Radar Detec
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C. Multisensor search is either mul
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Figure 6-18. INS Pattern for Reloca
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1. Initial sighting--Drop smoke and
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altitude to make the sighting repor
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lue and white checkered flag), or s
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Rescue planning involves dispatchin
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pararescue teams can place medicall
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Speed and ability to sustain surviv
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1. Sustaining life. Immediately upo
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other factors affecting rescue. 742
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Figure 7-2. Helicopter Racetrack Es
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2. Rations packs - concentrated or
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753 Rescue by Ship diverting or dis
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than 6 feet (2 meters) apart, inter
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800 General 810 Aircraft Searches 8
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TABLE 8-1. Inland Probability of De
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strength of the wind and steepness
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the area of greatest turbulence, an
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823 Air/Ground Coordination An SMC,
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2. A team leader is responsible for
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Figure 8-4. PM Search Pattern for L
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the track spacing would be 100 feet
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1. Scale 1:24,000 is the best for l
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Figure 8-6. Ground Search Area Plot
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unlaundered carefully preserved sce
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5. As indicated previously, it is i
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debriefing, transport to a delivery
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complete mental collapse due to the
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medical training, qualifications, a
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1000 General 1010 Mission Suspensio
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accept that the search cannot conti
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used for statistical analysis, syst
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Each RCC maintains a chronological
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aircraft that they are near the sce
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(day or night), date, search area a
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1200 General 1210 Domestic Framewor
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G. 46 USC 2304 requires a master or
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differing requirements of each coun
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RCC, which will plan the search and
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commander and the Department of Sta
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1240 PRIVATE PROPERTY 1241 Entering
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CHAPTER 13. SAR MISSION PUBLIC RELA
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equests for information, and use ne
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1323 News and Photograph Pool A new
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GLOSSARY A-probability: Percentage
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Awareness Range: Distance at which
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3. Ratio of sweep width to track sp
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Recorded data is retained for 15 da
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Inadvertent Alarm Rate: Ratio of in
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Military Assistance to Safety and T
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Probability of Detection (POD): The
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Search Action Plan: Message, normal
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SRU Error (Y): Search craft error b
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composed of significant assigned co
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Hydrographic Office. H.O. Pub 100.
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Emergency Response Institute. Helic
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University of Hawaii. Studies on Hu
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List of Ship Stations. Geneva, Swit
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1. POLICY APPENDIX A. NATIONAL SEAR
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use of wire and radio facilities fo
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Area for the advantageous execution
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maintain liaison with and support e
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Figure A-1. United States Search an
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air SAR units, and provide guidance
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far as possible, afford adequate me
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which shall act in close and contin
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established by the Convention on In
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December 12, 1986 Agreement Concern
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outstretched to each side. j. Inver
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Black or white smoke bursts, 10 sec
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Figure C-2. Surface-Air Visual Sign
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Figure C-5. Panel Signals C-5
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to the 26-foot sailboat row to obta
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straightaway length (x) of the cros
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These patterns are variations of th
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c. In the CSR pattern, the actual c
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adjacent to it, are the following:
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d. If the shaded portions of Figure
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3. Relative motion pattern solution
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through the tail of the ship's vect
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Request the aircraft to report amou
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information, TACAN/DME ranging disp
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APPENDIX F. TEMPORARY FLIGHT RESTRI
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4. Normally, incidents in an aircra
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LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES Subject Mat
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JP 3-50 National Search and Rescue Manual Vol I - US Navy

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