a critical evaluation on the concept of justice in planning process
a critical evaluation on the concept of justice in planning process
a critical evaluation on the concept of justice in planning process
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I. Part-In General Pr<strong>in</strong>ciples chapter, articles about <strong>the</strong> form <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> state, properties <strong>of</strong><br />
republic, <strong>in</strong>tegrity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> state, unchangeable judgements, aims and duties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> state,<br />
sovereignty, authorities <strong>of</strong> legislati<strong>on</strong>-executi<strong>on</strong>-jurisdicti<strong>on</strong>, equality before laws and<br />
c<strong>on</strong>juncti<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> C<strong>on</strong>stituti<strong>on</strong> take place.<br />
In this c<strong>on</strong>text, it is determ<strong>in</strong>ed that Republic <strong>of</strong> Turkey is “a secular, democratic<br />
social state governed by <strong>the</strong> rule that is respectful to human rights and has an<br />
understand<strong>in</strong>g to provide peace for <strong>the</strong> society and with a nati<strong>on</strong>al solidarity and a<br />
<strong>justice</strong>” (article 2). Ma<strong>in</strong> aims and duties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> state is described as “... protect<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong><br />
republic and democracy, provid<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> welfare, peace and happ<strong>in</strong>ess <strong>of</strong> people and <strong>the</strong><br />
society; try<strong>in</strong>g to take <strong>of</strong>f <strong>the</strong> political ec<strong>on</strong>omic and social obstacles limit<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> basic<br />
rights and liberties <strong>of</strong> people without <strong>in</strong>compatibility with <strong>the</strong> social rule <strong>of</strong> law and<br />
<strong>justice</strong> pr<strong>in</strong>ciples and try<strong>in</strong>g to prepare <strong>the</strong> necessary c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s for <strong>the</strong> development <strong>of</strong><br />
existence <strong>of</strong> people”.<br />
In <strong>the</strong> state <strong>of</strong> Turkish Republic where “sovereignty is vested fully and<br />
unc<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>ally <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> nati<strong>on</strong>” (article 6), accord<strong>in</strong>g to separati<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> powers <strong>the</strong><br />
legislati<strong>on</strong> authority is given to Turkish Grand Nati<strong>on</strong>al Assembly (article 7); executive<br />
power and functi<strong>on</strong> is given to <strong>the</strong> President <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Republic and <strong>the</strong> Council <strong>of</strong><br />
M<strong>in</strong>isters (article 8); judicial power to <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>dependent courts <strong>on</strong> behalf <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Turkish<br />
Nati<strong>on</strong> (article 9).<br />
In article 10 which expla<strong>in</strong>s equality before law it is told that “all <strong>in</strong>dividuals are<br />
equal, without any discrim<strong>in</strong>ati<strong>on</strong> before law, irrespective <strong>of</strong> language, race, color, sex,<br />
political op<strong>in</strong>i<strong>on</strong>, philosophical belief, religi<strong>on</strong> and seet or any such c<strong>on</strong>siderati<strong>on</strong>s”.<br />
With <strong>the</strong> last article <strong>of</strong> this part, it is decided that “<strong>the</strong> provisi<strong>on</strong>s <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> C<strong>on</strong>stituti<strong>on</strong> are<br />
fundamental legal rules b<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g up<strong>on</strong> legislative, executive and judicial organs and<br />
adm<strong>in</strong>istrative authorities and o<strong>the</strong>r <strong>in</strong>stituti<strong>on</strong>s and <strong>in</strong>dividuals and laws shall not be <strong>in</strong><br />
c<strong>on</strong>flict with <strong>the</strong> C<strong>on</strong>stituti<strong>on</strong>” (article 11).<br />
As menti<strong>on</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> article 5 which def<strong>in</strong>es <strong>the</strong> ma<strong>in</strong> aims and duties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> social<br />
state are “striv<strong>in</strong>g for <strong>the</strong> removal <strong>of</strong> political, social and ec<strong>on</strong>omic obstacles which<br />
restrict <strong>the</strong> fundamental rights and freedoms <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>dividuals and provide <strong>the</strong><br />
c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s required for <strong>the</strong> development <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>dividual’s material and spiritual<br />
existence”. As can be understood from this C<strong>on</strong>stituti<strong>on</strong> def<strong>in</strong>es <strong>the</strong> state as a formati<strong>on</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong> resp<strong>on</strong>sible <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>dividual-society-state relati<strong>on</strong>s and <strong>in</strong> maximizati<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> social<br />
welfare. With <strong>the</strong> emphasizes <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Preamble <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>dividual-society-state relati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
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