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a critical evaluation on the concept of justice in planning process

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CHAPTER 3<br />

TRANSFORMATION OF PLANNING PROCESS IN<br />

TURKEY AFTER 1980’S<br />

In <strong>the</strong> sec<strong>on</strong>d part <strong>of</strong> this study, criticizes about; a. Instituti<strong>on</strong>al functi<strong>on</strong>s and<br />

formal organizati<strong>on</strong>s, b. Ec<strong>on</strong>omic political selecti<strong>on</strong>s, c. Cultural determ<strong>in</strong>ati<strong>on</strong> forms<br />

directed by <strong>justice</strong> <strong>the</strong>ories are presented. Some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se three layer critics are oriented<br />

toward <strong>the</strong> refusal <strong>of</strong> practical, <strong>the</strong>oretical are presented. Some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se three layer<br />

critics are oriented toward <strong>the</strong> refusal <strong>of</strong> practical, <strong>the</strong>oretical and scientific approaches<br />

determ<strong>in</strong>ed by classic liberal approaches while some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m develop arguments<br />

propos<strong>in</strong>g revisi<strong>on</strong>s <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se arguments. Besides <strong>justice</strong> <strong>the</strong>ories, o<strong>the</strong>r subjects<br />

discussed here are <strong>the</strong> rights and freedoms, equality and <strong>in</strong>terest arguments, limits <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

practices <strong>of</strong> <strong>justice</strong>, state and practiced/formal dimensi<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>justice</strong> def<strong>in</strong>ed by <strong>the</strong> laws<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> state. How <strong>justice</strong> is handled with<strong>in</strong> state organizati<strong>on</strong> and legal frame <strong>in</strong> Turkish<br />

practices is evaluated <strong>in</strong> this secti<strong>on</strong> after all <strong>the</strong>se <str<strong>on</strong>g>evaluati<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g>s. Evaluati<strong>on</strong>s about <strong>the</strong>se<br />

subjects will provide a possibility <strong>of</strong> generalizati<strong>on</strong> about how <strong>the</strong> limits and scopes <strong>of</strong><br />

spatial <strong>justice</strong> <strong>in</strong> Turkey should be c<strong>on</strong>sidered. Therefore, “<strong>justice</strong>” c<strong>on</strong>cept is evaluated<br />

<strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> basis <strong>of</strong> a new platform which <strong>in</strong>volves Turkish practices. Turkish plann<strong>in</strong>g<br />

practices are studied from two viewpo<strong>in</strong>ts <strong>in</strong> order to discuss <strong>the</strong>m from this<br />

perspective:<br />

1. Justice acceptances <strong>of</strong> social <strong>in</strong>stituti<strong>on</strong>s about spatial subjects <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> entire state-law-<br />

society relati<strong>on</strong>ships def<strong>in</strong>ed as formal arrangements,<br />

2. Justice acceptances <strong>in</strong> ec<strong>on</strong>omic political selecti<strong>on</strong>s.<br />

The first part menti<strong>on</strong>ed above <strong>in</strong>volves studies <strong>of</strong> legal arrangements and<br />

<strong>in</strong>stituti<strong>on</strong>s formed <strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> behalf <strong>of</strong> Turkish Republic C<strong>on</strong>stituti<strong>on</strong> which has<br />

c<strong>on</strong>junctive property <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> organizati<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> urban space. In this c<strong>on</strong>text, how rights,<br />

liberties, equalities and benefits are def<strong>in</strong>ed for <strong>in</strong>dividuals, society and <strong>the</strong> state is<br />

evaluated.<br />

In <strong>the</strong> sec<strong>on</strong>d part, <strong>the</strong> spatial affects <strong>of</strong> ec<strong>on</strong>omic transformati<strong>on</strong>s after 1980 are<br />

evaluated. This part <strong>in</strong>volves <strong>the</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>evaluati<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g>s <strong>of</strong> transformati<strong>on</strong>s <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> organiz<strong>in</strong>g role <strong>of</strong><br />

54

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