a critical evaluation on the concept of justice in planning process

economy approaches encounter. As a consequence, the definition of distributional
justice principles and the determination of rights, liberty and autonomies can be
regarded as important steps in the constitution of a just society.
This answer is attributable to the insufficiency of distributional justice principles
in the democratization of the process and the outcome as well as lack of isolation and
inability to eliminate micro power relations. Nevertheless, the insufficiency of these
determinations is apparent, due to the fact that they risk eliminating differences and are
politically limited. Five different forms of pressure and obsession that Young developed
have gained importance in the assessment of these criticisms: These are exploitation,
marginalization, powerlessness, cultural imperialism and violence. Young attributes a
central value to these five forms of obsession and pressure, and discusses the way
injustice has been reproduced in social structure and relations (Young;1990;39-65).
2.2.5. Justice as a Production Relations in Marxist Approach
Peffer, the representative of classical Marxist approach, argues that, justice
principles should be handled in an integration of production relations and it would not
be possible to mention a just society unless production relations are converted.
Production relations in this approach take place at the center of, justice principles and
social justice. Regulations in the distributional area contribute little more than the
sustainment of the present inequalities in this system. Such a case will only cause justice
discussions to remain as bourgeoisie worries.
On the other hand, Peffer’s suggestion is to focus on the justice concept and
principles, placing production relations at the center of distributional justice. He urges
that justice be re-handled from the Marxist point of view. In a sense, he seeks ways to
develop justice from a Marxist perspective in terms of distributional principles is
inclined towards justice theory.
The fundamental issues of the Rawlsian theory constitute Peffer’s emergent
points, which are as follows: property which is not nationalized; going beyond the
motion laws of capitalism and especially maximization of change value; bourgeois and
individualistic assumptions related to the nature of the individuals in Rawls’s definition
of “original position”; the defence of welfare state capitalism by use of justice principles
in a classed society; the aim to implement the justice principles to single societies rather
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