a critical evaluation on the concept of justice in planning process
a critical evaluation on the concept of justice in planning process
a critical evaluation on the concept of justice in planning process
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3.5.2.3. Individual, Social and Public Interest<br />
For a mean<strong>in</strong>gful c<strong>on</strong>cept <strong>of</strong> public <strong>in</strong>terest <strong>in</strong> “social state governed by <strong>the</strong> rule<br />
<strong>of</strong> law”, how and by whom <strong>the</strong> values are created, by whom <strong>the</strong>y are shared and how<br />
this <strong>process</strong> is organized carry great importance. In this c<strong>on</strong>text, a public <strong>in</strong>terest<br />
acceptance disregard<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> distributi<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> nati<strong>on</strong>al <strong>in</strong>terests with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> society and how<br />
<strong>the</strong>y are reflected <strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> society, will have a property <strong>of</strong> aim<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> legitimat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> this<br />
arbitrary and def<strong>in</strong>ite <strong>process</strong>, ra<strong>the</strong>r than be<strong>in</strong>g a mean<strong>in</strong>gful c<strong>on</strong>cept. When this<br />
<strong>process</strong> is studied from <strong>the</strong> viewpo<strong>in</strong>t <strong>of</strong> urban land, it is seen that <strong>in</strong>dividual and public<br />
<strong>in</strong>terest at every scale from macro scale plans to <strong>the</strong> decisi<strong>on</strong>s bas<strong>in</strong>g <strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> scale <strong>of</strong> a<br />
s<strong>in</strong>gle plot have different c<strong>on</strong>tents. Therefore, for <strong>the</strong> c<strong>on</strong>cretizati<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> public <strong>in</strong>terest a<br />
very extended <str<strong>on</strong>g>evaluati<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g> is needed to be d<strong>on</strong>e about <strong>the</strong> balance between <strong>in</strong>dividual and<br />
public values. Kele , determ<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g that liberalism be<strong>in</strong>g accepted as identical with <strong>the</strong><br />
lack <strong>of</strong> c<strong>on</strong>stra<strong>in</strong>t will be most harmful <strong>on</strong> cities, bases <strong>the</strong> fact that balance giv<strong>in</strong>g<br />
shortage from <strong>the</strong> viewpo<strong>in</strong>t <strong>of</strong> urbanizati<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> last 30 years, is bas<strong>in</strong>g <strong>on</strong> liberalism<br />
not succeed<strong>in</strong>g <strong>on</strong> provid<strong>in</strong>g a balance between <strong>in</strong>dividual <strong>in</strong>terests and public <strong>in</strong>terests<br />
(Kele , 1991, 16).<br />
Even though <strong>the</strong>re is no def<strong>in</strong>iti<strong>on</strong> about what <strong>the</strong> public <strong>in</strong>terest <strong>in</strong> countrywide,<br />
regi<strong>on</strong>al and local scales mean, acceptance <strong>of</strong> city plans as documents which have<br />
public <strong>in</strong>terest properties will <strong>on</strong>ly be possible with <strong>the</strong> establishment <strong>of</strong> this balance.<br />
These necessities <strong>the</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>evaluati<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> plans from <strong>the</strong> viewpo<strong>in</strong>t <strong>of</strong> distributi<strong>on</strong> relati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
with an assumpti<strong>on</strong> that <strong>the</strong>y are not socially, ec<strong>on</strong>omically and culturally neutral from<br />
macro to micro scales and that every<strong>on</strong>e/public will benefit from every <strong>in</strong>terventi<strong>on</strong><br />
d<strong>on</strong>e <strong>on</strong> physical space. It is impossible to accept <strong>the</strong> idea that a neutral plan can be<br />
made and a benefit be provided from this plan from <strong>the</strong> viewpo<strong>in</strong>t <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> value <strong>of</strong> urban<br />
space and urban plot, as menti<strong>on</strong>ed above. From <strong>the</strong> po<strong>in</strong>t urban plot has reached, it is<br />
evident that while plan decisi<strong>on</strong>s limit <strong>the</strong> freedoms <strong>of</strong> certa<strong>in</strong> groups <strong>the</strong>y <strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r<br />
hand <strong>in</strong>crease <strong>the</strong> benefits <strong>of</strong> some o<strong>the</strong>rs. At this po<strong>in</strong>t, plann<strong>in</strong>g activity giv<strong>in</strong>g<br />
decisi<strong>on</strong>s <strong>on</strong> urban plot, evaluates <strong>the</strong> redistributi<strong>on</strong> mechanisms it def<strong>in</strong>es <strong>on</strong> urban<br />
space, equalities and rights <strong>in</strong> an <strong>in</strong>tegral c<strong>on</strong>siderati<strong>on</strong> and necessities new legal<br />
arrangements and practices with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> frame <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se <str<strong>on</strong>g>evaluati<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g>s. With<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> c<strong>on</strong>text <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong>se <str<strong>on</strong>g>evaluati<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g>s, how <strong>the</strong> relati<strong>on</strong>s between rights, freedoms, equality and <strong>in</strong>terest as<br />
comp<strong>on</strong>ents <strong>of</strong> <strong>justice</strong> <strong>in</strong> legal <strong>process</strong>es and <strong>in</strong>terventi<strong>on</strong>s <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> provisi<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> formal<br />
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