a critical evaluation on the concept of justice in planning process
a critical evaluation on the concept of justice in planning process
a critical evaluation on the concept of justice in planning process
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establish<strong>in</strong>g a social balance and gives this duty to <strong>the</strong> state. However, results <strong>of</strong><br />
decisi<strong>on</strong>s at C<strong>on</strong>stituti<strong>on</strong>al level that nati<strong>on</strong>alizati<strong>on</strong> as well as “privatizati<strong>on</strong>” can be<br />
realized for public benefit (article 47). Processes <strong>of</strong> “privatizati<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> public properties”<br />
and “expropriati<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> private properties” create a tensi<strong>on</strong> and c<strong>on</strong>flict <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> idea <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
state <strong>in</strong> provid<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> equality by be<strong>in</strong>g “a social state governed by law”. As <strong>the</strong> result<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se c<strong>on</strong>flicts it is seen that as <strong>the</strong> sum <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>dividual <strong>in</strong>terests social <strong>in</strong>terest is<br />
accepted <strong>in</strong> ec<strong>on</strong>omic developments that grow with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> liberal atmosphere and with<strong>in</strong><br />
free market mechanism. So, ec<strong>on</strong>omic and social rights def<strong>in</strong>ed by <strong>the</strong> C<strong>on</strong>stituti<strong>on</strong><br />
cannot be reflected <strong>on</strong> practices and <strong>the</strong> c<strong>on</strong>cepts <strong>of</strong> rights, freedoms practically<br />
c<strong>on</strong>t<strong>in</strong>ue to be abstract c<strong>on</strong>cepts.<br />
3.5.2. Influences <strong>on</strong> Cities and Urban Plann<strong>in</strong>g Discipl<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Process menti<strong>on</strong>ed above, <strong>in</strong>evitably <strong>in</strong>fluential and determ<strong>in</strong>ative <strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> cities<br />
and urban plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> Turkish practices. It is known that urbanizati<strong>on</strong> followed a very<br />
rapid l<strong>in</strong>e s<strong>in</strong>ce 1960’s and gecek<strong>on</strong>du formati<strong>on</strong> <strong>process</strong> became an unchangeable<br />
property <strong>of</strong> urbanizati<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong> parallel with urban populati<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong>crease. Besides <strong>the</strong>se,<br />
hous<strong>in</strong>g shortage, <strong>in</strong>sufficient <strong>in</strong>frastructure systems, degenerati<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> envir<strong>on</strong>ment,<br />
transportati<strong>on</strong> problems, aes<strong>the</strong>tic polluti<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong> settlements which are <strong>in</strong>dicators <strong>of</strong><br />
unhealthy urbanizati<strong>on</strong> are am<strong>on</strong>g <strong>the</strong> problems which come out <strong>in</strong> parallel with this<br />
<strong>in</strong>crease. In spite <strong>of</strong> all <strong>the</strong>se developments, with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> c<strong>on</strong>tent <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> C<strong>on</strong>stituti<strong>on</strong>, <strong>the</strong>re<br />
is no direct expressi<strong>on</strong> about <strong>in</strong>terventi<strong>on</strong>s <strong>on</strong> urban land, adm<strong>in</strong>istrati<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> urban land<br />
and <strong>on</strong> urban rights except <strong>the</strong> def<strong>in</strong>iti<strong>on</strong>s which take place under <strong>the</strong> titles which are<br />
right to live <strong>in</strong> a healthy envir<strong>on</strong>ment, settlement freedom and expropriati<strong>on</strong>. It is<br />
possible to reach to <strong>the</strong> same c<strong>on</strong>clusi<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> legal arrangements and practices <strong>in</strong> sub-<br />
levels. If <strong>the</strong> limitati<strong>on</strong> levels <strong>of</strong> practices about hous<strong>in</strong>g right are evaluated, it is seen<br />
that this right is acknowledged before <strong>the</strong> laws but never as realized. As menti<strong>on</strong>ed <strong>in</strong><br />
previous chapters, authorized adm<strong>in</strong>istrative and applicati<strong>on</strong> units also accept <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong>sufficiency <strong>in</strong> provid<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> hous<strong>in</strong>g rights and menti<strong>on</strong> this fact <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir own studies<br />
and reports also.<br />
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