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electrophoresis, water circulation was used and electrophoresis was started at constant<br />

current at 32 mA for 30 m<strong>in</strong>utes and followed by 50 mA for 5 – 6 hours. To monitor the<br />

progress of the electrophoresis, Bromophenol Blue was used. When it reached the<br />

bottom of the gel, electrophoresis was stopped.<br />

3.2.9.3. Sta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g of the Gel<br />

A number of sta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g techniques have been developed to sta<strong>in</strong> polypeptides with<br />

silver salts after separation by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. In every case, the<br />

procedure based on differential reduction of silver ions that are bound to the side cha<strong>in</strong>s<br />

of am<strong>in</strong>o acids (Switzer et al., 1979; Nielsen and Brown, 1984; Merril et al., 1984).<br />

1<br />

Table 3.7. Time Coarse for MALDI-TOF Compatible Mass Spectrometry<br />

(Source: Adapted from He et al., 2003; He et al., 2004; L<strong>in</strong> et al., 2008)<br />

STEP SOLUTION<br />

Fix<strong>in</strong>g<br />

(Fixer Soln.)<br />

40% EtOH,<br />

10% HAc;<br />

TIME OF<br />

TREATMENT<br />

> 1 hour<br />

(overnight)<br />

COMMENTS<br />

Overnight <strong>in</strong>cubation is<br />

all right<br />

2 Wash<strong>in</strong>g -<br />

Pretreatment Soln.<br />

- -<br />

3 Sensitiz<strong>in</strong>g 30% EtOH,<br />

4.1% NaAc,<br />

0.2% Na2S2O3;<br />

30 m<strong>in</strong>utes Time should be exact<br />

4 Wash<strong>in</strong>g dH2O 5 m<strong>in</strong>. x 3 2 nd & 3 rd Silver Nitrate Solution<br />

solution should<br />

always be fresh<br />

5 Impregnate 0.1% AgNO3, 0.02%<br />

formal<strong>in</strong>;<br />

20 m<strong>in</strong>.<br />

-<br />

6<br />

7<br />

Wash<strong>in</strong>g<br />

Develop<strong>in</strong>g<br />

8 Stop<br />

dH2O<br />

Develop<strong>in</strong>g Solution<br />

2.5% Na2CO3, 0.01%<br />

formal<strong>in</strong><br />

Stop Solution<br />

1.46% EDTA<br />

1 m<strong>in</strong>. x 2<br />

~ 10 m<strong>in</strong>.<br />

> 10 m<strong>in</strong>utes<br />

9 Wash<strong>in</strong>g dH2O 5 m<strong>in</strong>. x 3<br />

Time should be exact<br />

2 nd & 3 rd solution should<br />

always be fresh<br />

After a few m<strong>in</strong>utes, add<br />

some dH2O to proceed<br />

the reaction slowly. Time<br />

should be determ<strong>in</strong>ed by<br />

observation of color<br />

development<br />

The gels can be kept <strong>in</strong><br />

this solution overnight<br />

2 nd & 3 rd solution should<br />

always be fresh<br />

63

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