changes in protein profiles in bortezomib applied multiple myeloma ...
changes in protein profiles in bortezomib applied multiple myeloma ...
changes in protein profiles in bortezomib applied multiple myeloma ...
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CHAPTER 2<br />
PROTEOMICS AND MASS SPECTROMETRY<br />
2.1. Proteomics<br />
Prote<strong>in</strong>s are abundant <strong>in</strong> all organisms and play key roles <strong>in</strong> most biological<br />
events as catalysts, transporters, and messengers. Thus, it is crucial to note that all<br />
research related to prote<strong>in</strong>s <strong>in</strong>crease our understand<strong>in</strong>g of their levels, <strong>in</strong>teractions,<br />
functions, modifications, regulations, and localization <strong>in</strong> cells (Graves and Haystead,<br />
2002; Twyman, 2004). Proteomics is a rapidly expand<strong>in</strong>g discipl<strong>in</strong>e that aims to ga<strong>in</strong> a<br />
comprehensive understand<strong>in</strong>g of prote<strong>in</strong>s. The term proteomics, which is a comb<strong>in</strong>ation<br />
of prote<strong>in</strong> and genomics (Figure 2.1), is used to def<strong>in</strong>e the large-scale analysis of a<br />
complete set of prote<strong>in</strong>s, the chief components of cells that are responsible for the most<br />
significant metabolic pathways <strong>in</strong> cells or tissues (Wilk<strong>in</strong>s and Pasquali et al., 1996;<br />
Wilk<strong>in</strong>s et al., 1996; James, 1997; Pandey and Mann, 2000; Graves and Haystead, 2002;<br />
Lane, 2005).<br />
Figure 2.1. Biochemical Interactions Between Genomics and Proteomics<br />
(Source: Turan and Mohamed, 2011)<br />
The goal underly<strong>in</strong>g proteomics is not only to identify all prote<strong>in</strong>s <strong>in</strong> a cell, but<br />
also to identify the correlation between the genetic sequence and three-dimensional<br />
(3D) prote<strong>in</strong> structure (Graves and Haystead, 2002). In other words, work <strong>in</strong> proteomics<br />
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