The French Revolution
The French Revolution
The French Revolution
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MAJOR PROBLEM<br />
Each Estate Has Only<br />
One Vote<br />
RIGHT WING<br />
Title: FIRST ESTATE<br />
Members: CLERGY<br />
% of Population: 1%<br />
Politically: CONSERVATIVE<br />
Goal: “STATUS QUO”<br />
PRESERVE MONARCHY<br />
% of Population:<br />
<strong>The</strong> <strong>French</strong> <strong>Revolution</strong><br />
Title: SECOND ESTATE<br />
Members: NOBLES<br />
THE SITUATION IN THE ESTATE GENERAL<br />
2%<br />
King Louis XVI<br />
MIDDLE WING<br />
USUAL RESULTS<br />
1 ST & 2 ND ESTATE<br />
OUTVOTE 3 RD ESTATE<br />
LEFT WING<br />
Title: THIRD ESTATE<br />
Members: BOURGEOISE<br />
WORKING CLASS<br />
PEASANT FARMERS<br />
% of Population: 97%<br />
Politically: RADICAL<br />
Goal: ELIMINATE KING<br />
Politically: LIBERAL & MODERATE<br />
Goal: “LIBERAL REFORMS”<br />
LIMITED CHANGES
<strong>The</strong> <strong>French</strong> <strong>Revolution</strong><br />
1789 Document Influenced by the Enlightenment and the American <strong>Revolution</strong><br />
Declaration of the Right of Man and of the Citizen<br />
KEY FRENCH ARTICLES<br />
Article #1:<br />
Men are Born and Remain Free and Equal<br />
Article #2:<br />
<strong>The</strong> aim of all political associations is the<br />
Preservation of the Natural &<br />
Imprescriptible Rights of Man<br />
Article #2:<br />
<strong>The</strong>se Rights are Liberty, Property,<br />
Security, and resistance to Oppression<br />
Article #3:<br />
<strong>The</strong> Principle of all Sovereignty resides<br />
essentially in the Nation (People).<br />
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE<br />
We hold these truths to be self-evident,<br />
That All Men are Created Equal.<br />
That they are endowed by their Creator<br />
with Certain Unalienable Rights<br />
That among these are Life, Liberty, and<br />
the Pursuit of Happiness.<br />
That to secure these Rights, Governments<br />
are instituted among Men, deriving their just<br />
powers from the Consent of the Governed.
<strong>The</strong> <strong>French</strong> <strong>Revolution</strong><br />
In the 1700’s<br />
France was considered<br />
the most advanced<br />
Country in Europe<br />
During the 1770’s & 1780’s<br />
France’s Government<br />
sank deeply into<br />
Debt<br />
In 1786<br />
Bankers refused to lend<br />
the Government (King)<br />
any more money<br />
TIMELINE CHALLENGE<br />
France’s Social & Political<br />
System in the 1770’s<br />
OLD REGIME<br />
In the 1780’s<br />
Bad weather caused<br />
widespread Crop<br />
Failures<br />
Assembly of<br />
Representative from all<br />
three Levels of Society<br />
ESTATES GENERAL
<strong>The</strong> <strong>French</strong> <strong>Revolution</strong><br />
TIMELINE CHALLENGE<br />
5 May 1789<br />
Estates General meets<br />
for the first time in<br />
175 Years<br />
<strong>The</strong> Third Estate pledged to<br />
Create a new Constitution<br />
TENNIS COURT<br />
OATH<br />
4 August 1789<br />
17 June 1789<br />
Estates General voted<br />
to establish a<br />
National Assembly<br />
<strong>The</strong> National Assembly<br />
Proclaimed the end of<br />
Absolute Monarchies<br />
END OF THE OLD REGIME IN FRANCE
<strong>The</strong> <strong>French</strong> <strong>Revolution</strong><br />
TIMELINE CHALLENGE<br />
14 July 1789<br />
<strong>French</strong> Mob<br />
storms the Bastille<br />
Prison in Paris<br />
October 1789<br />
Women of Paris<br />
Rioted over the<br />
rising Price of Bread<br />
September 1791<br />
National Assembly<br />
Completed the New<br />
Constitution<br />
Wave of Panic Sweeps<br />
Throughout France<br />
GREAT FEAR<br />
June 1791<br />
<strong>The</strong> Royal Family tried<br />
to escape to Austria<br />
(Marie’s Relatives)<br />
A New Representative<br />
Body was formed<br />
LEGISLATIVE<br />
ASSEMBLY
Nobles who hoped to<br />
undo the <strong>Revolution</strong> and<br />
restore the Old Regime<br />
fled to Reorganize<br />
EMIGRES<br />
By Summer 1792<br />
Prussian Forces<br />
Advanced on Paris<br />
<strong>The</strong> <strong>French</strong> <strong>Revolution</strong><br />
TIMELINE CHALLENGE<br />
AUSTRIA & PRUSSIA<br />
Urged the <strong>French</strong> to<br />
Restore the Monarchy<br />
April 1792<br />
Legislative Assembly<br />
Declared War on<br />
Austria and Prussia<br />
10 August 1792<br />
<strong>The</strong> Royal Family is<br />
Captures and<br />
Imprisoned
<strong>The</strong> <strong>French</strong> <strong>Revolution</strong><br />
Early 1793<br />
Britain, Holland and<br />
Spain join Prussia &<br />
Austria in War against<br />
France<br />
TIMELINE CHALLENGE<br />
21 September 1792<br />
<strong>The</strong> National<br />
Convention took<br />
Office<br />
A New Machine was<br />
created to make<br />
Executions more Humane<br />
GUILLOTINE<br />
July 1793<br />
Maximilien Robespiere<br />
became leader of the<br />
Committee of Safety<br />
Prominent Members of a<br />
New Radical Political Party<br />
JACOBINS<br />
21 January 1793<br />
King Louis XVI and<br />
Marie Antoinette<br />
were Executed
FRENCH<br />
REPUBLIC<br />
<strong>The</strong> <strong>French</strong> <strong>Revolution</strong><br />
TIMELINE CHALLENGE<br />
Period of Execution and Fear<br />
under Robespiere’s Rule<br />
REIGN of TERROR<br />
In 1795<br />
National Convention<br />
drafted a New<br />
Government Plan<br />
Between 1793-1794<br />
Those who led the<br />
<strong>Revolution</strong> received<br />
Death Sentences<br />
28 July 1794<br />
Reign of Terror ended<br />
with the execution of<br />
Robespiere<br />
A <strong>French</strong> Hero becomes<br />
France’s New Leader<br />
NAPOLEON<br />
BONAPARTE
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