Enterprise QoS Solution Reference Network Design Guide

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References References Standards 6-42 Figure 6-30 IPSec V3PN Site-to-Site and Teleworker Design Summary Comparison IPSec/GRE LLQ/CBWFQ/LFI HDLC MLP ATM Site-to-Site WAN Media Encryption Frame Relay QoS Enterprise QoS Solution Reference Network Design Guide IPSec Only Hierarchical Shaping + Queuing + TCP MSS Ethernet DSL Cable Broadband Media Teleworker Chapter 6 IPSec VPN QoS Design Some site-to-site considerations that were discussed include the bandwidth implications of various IPSec modes of operations and the incompatibility of cRTP and IPSec. The interrelation of IPSec VPN logical hub-and-spoke topologies and the effect these have on spoke-to-spoke delay budgets also were examined. Subsequently, the ToS byte preservation mechanism was overviewed along with the QoS Pre-Classify Cisco IOS Software feature, which allows for the classification of packets already encrypted (on the same router) through ACLs. QoS and Anti-Replay implications then were discussed, illustrating how QoS policies that reorder packets potentially can exacerbate Anti-Replay drops (an IPSec message-integrity mechanism). Techniques for minimizing such undesired QoS/Anti-Reply interaction effects, such as reducing the queue length of data queues, were presented. Next, the need for control plane provisioning was highlighted, along with basic designs for doing so. Several site-to-site QoS models were detailed, ranging from a six-class V3PN QoS model to a complex 11-class V3PN QoS Baseline model. WAN aggregator considerations specific to IPSec VPN deployments were examined next, including QoS provisioning for IPSec over private WANs, per-tunnel hierarchical shaping and queuing, and recommendations for decoupled VPN headend/WAN aggregation deployment models, where encryption and QoS are performed on different routers. Attention then shifted to teleworker scenarios and the three main teleworker deployment models: the Integrated Unit Model, the Dual-Unit Model, and the Integrated Unit + Access Model. The two main broadband media types, DSL and cable, were broken down to ascertain the bandwidth-provisioning implications of each media. Neither DSL nor (DOCSIS 1.0) cable includes any mechanism for serialization delay mitigation, so TCP maximum segment-size tuning was considered as an alternative mechanism to achieve this. Split-tunneling designs, to address spouse-and-child requirements, were introduced. Teleworker V3PN designs then were detailed for Integrated Unit and Dual-Unit models over DSL, in addition to an Integrated Unit + Access Model solution for cable. RFC 1321, “The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm”: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1321.txt. RFC 1918, “Address Allocation for Private Internets”: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1918.txt. RFC 2104, “HMAC: Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication”: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2104.txt. Version 3.3
Chapter 6 IPSec VPN QoS Design Books Cisco IOS Documentation Version 3.3 RFC 2401, “Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol”: http://www.ietf.org/ rfc/rfc2401.txt. RFC 2402, “IP Authentication Header”: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2402.txt. Enterprise QoS Solution Reference Network Design Guide References RFC 2403, “The Use of HMAC-MD5-96 Within ESP and AH”: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2403.txt. RFC 2404, “The Use of HMAC-SHA-1-96 within ESP and AH”: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2404.txt. RFC 2405, “The ESP DES-CBC Cipher Algorithm with Explicit IV”: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2405.txt. RFC 2406, “IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)”: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2406.txt. RFC 2407, “The Internet IP Security Domain of Interpretation for ISAKMP”: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2407.txt. RFC 2408, “Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP)”: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2408.txt. RFC 2409, “The Internet Key Exchange (IKE)”: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2409.txt. RFC 2410, “The NULL Encryption Algorithm and Its Use with IPSec”: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2410.txt. RFC 2411, “IP Security Document Roadmap”: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2411.txt. RFC 2412, “The OAKLEY Key Determination Protocol”: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2412.txt. Kaeo, Merike. Designing Network Security. Indianapolis: Cisco Press, 2003. Malik, Saadat. Network Security Principles and Practices. Indianapolis: Cisco Press, 2002. Mason, Andrew. Cisco Secure Virtual Private Networks. Indianapolis: Cisco Press, 2001. IP Security and Encryption overview (Cisco IOS Release 12.2): http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/122cgcr/fsecur_c/fipsenc/scfen cov.htm. Configuring IPSec network security (Cisco IOS Release 12.2): http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/122cgcr/fsecur_c/fipsenc/scfips ec.htm. Configuring Internet Key Exchange Security Protocol (Cisco IOS Release 12.2): http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/122cgcr/fsecur_c/fipsenc/scfike .htm. Prefragmentation for IPSec VPNs (Cisco IOS Release 12.2[13]T): http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/ 122newft/122t/122t13/ftprefrg.htm. Quality of service for Virtual Private Networks (Cisco IOS Release 12.2[2]T): http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/122newft/ 122t/122t2/ftqosvpn.htm. 6-43
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