The Aramaic Bible: Targums in their Historical Context

More documents

Recommendations

Info

WILCOX The Aramaic Background of the New Testament 377 whatever their merits, must give way to that new approach. We may sum up then as follows: A. (1) The investigation of the Aramaic (and Proto-Mishnaic Hebrew) factor in the New Testament and its background must continue to pay close attention to every new piece of information and every text available from the New Testament period and thereabouts, and use that as the primary measure of likely Aramaic in the New Testament. However, especially because of the homeliness of the language of the Mishnah and the related Rabbinic texts, we should be careful not to ignore the vast store of information not only Aramaic and Hebrew which may be derived from these sources, but also the valuable insights for understanding the social history of the times. (2) The material from the Targumim and from Qumran should be utilized to the full, and in the case where a New Testament verse appears to contain a Targumic reading (to the exclusion of one from the MT or the LXX), we should not be put off by the date of the last revisions of that targum, but rather see the New Testament evidence as pointing to the earliness of the date of the element of tradition preserved in that targum. An example is the reference in Eph. 4.8 // Targ. Ps. 68.18. (3) The use and interpretation of material from the Jewish Scriptures, especially in the form of otherwise concealed or merged elements of midrash should be traced and evaluated, and seen as pointing to a heightening of the possibility of Aramaic and/or Proto- Mishnaic Hebrew material embedded or otherwise transmitted in the sections in question. (4) All available sources for the social history of the time should be explored and related where possible to problems of original language, so that investigation of these two factual lines of study may proceed hand in hand, and may be able to correct one another where necessary. (5) Careful attention should be paid to the logic of our enquiry, and also to that of those who seek to deny or minimize the role of Aramaic and Hebrew in the Gospel tradition: in particular, the 'septuagintalism' hypotheses should be seen for what they are, and not allowed to distract scholars from the pursuit of the Aramaic and Hebrew substructure of the Gospel and other New Testament tradition. (5) We, in turn, should be careful not to go beyond the limits of the evidence we produce. Better one point well made, than ten points with reservations.
378 The Aramaic Bible: Targums in their Historical Context B. (1) It can no longer be maintained that if a saying attributed to Jesus is not in Aramaic, it is not authentic. The fact that Aramaic seems to have been his home-language does not exclude the real possibility that he may also have spoken Hebrew and/or Greek. (2) Where an alleged Jesus-saying fits naturally into a first century Jewish context, it is the more likely to have been genuine than if it does not. Jesus is to be seen as part of his society, not as inherently alien to, or indifferent to it. (3) If we accept that Jesus and his followers lived and moved within the context of the prevailing Jewish society of his time, then we must realize its complexity and the possibility that he gave differing answers in different situations: the single 'right' solution approach is not only historically unrealistic, it also fails to take account of the whole midrashic way of thinking, which is designed to take constantly new approaches to older questions.
Page 2 and 3:
JOURNAL FOR THE STUDY OF THE OLD TE
Page 4 and 5:
The Aramaic Bible Targums in their
Page 6 and 7:
CONTENTS Preface 9 Abbreviations 12
Page 8 and 9:
Contents 1 MICHAEL MAKER Targum Pse
Page 10 and 11:
PREFACE The essays here published r
Page 12 and 13:
Preface 11 The conference was inten
Page 14 and 15:
NTS OBO OIL PAAJR PG RB RevQ SBT SC
Page 16 and 17:
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Philip S. Alex
Page 18 and 19:
Part I TARGUM TEXTS AND EDITIONS
Page 20 and 21:
KLEIN Cairo Genizah Targum Texts 19
Page 22 and 23:
KLEIN Cairo Genizah Tar gum Texts 2
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
KLEIN Cairo Genizah Tar gum Texts 2
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
REIF The Cairo Genizah and its Trea
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
REIF The Cairo Genizah its Treasure
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
Page 50 and 51:
Page 52 and 53:
TARGUM MANUSCRIPTS AND CRITICAL EDI
Page 54 and 55:
DiEZ MERINO Targum Manuscripts and
Page 56 and 57:
DlEZ MERINO Targum Manuscripts and
Page 58 and 59:
DIEZ MERINO Targum Manuscripts and
Page 60 and 61:
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
DlEZ MERINO Tar gum Manuscripts and
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
DlEZ MERINO Tar gum Manuscripts and
Page 94 and 95:
GORDON Alexander Sperber and the St
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
THE MICHAEL GLAZIER-LITURGICAL PRES
Page 106 and 107:
McNAMARA Glazier-Liturgical Press A
Page 108 and 109:
MCNAMARA Glazier-Liturgical Press A
Page 110 and 111:
McNAMARA Glazier-Liturgical Press A
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Part II THE ARAMAIC LANGUAGE
Page 120 and 121:
KAUFMAN Dating the Language of the
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
COOK The Language of Onqelos and Jo
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Part III THE TARGUMS AND JEWISH BIB
Page 160 and 161:
HENGEL The Scriptures in Second Tem
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
BETZ The Qumran Halakhah Text 4QMMT
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
Page 200 and 201:
Page 202 and 203:
Page 204 and 205:
THE AGGADAH OF THE PALESTINIAN TARG
Page 206 and 207:
SHINAN The Aggadah of the Palestini
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
Page 214 and 215:
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
RIB ERA The Targum: From Translatio
Page 222 and 223:
RIB ERA The Tar gum: From Translati
Page 224 and 225:
RibERA The Targum: From Translation
Page 226 and 227:
RlBERA The Targum: From Translation
Page 228 and 229:
Part IV TARGUMS OF THE PENTATEUCH
Page 230 and 231:
GROSSFELD Onqelos, Halakha and the
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
MAPPING THE SYNOPTIC PALESTINIAN TA
Page 250 and 251:
FLESHER Mapping the Synoptic Palest
Page 252 and 253:
Page 254 and 255:
Page 256 and 257:
BOCCACCINI Targum Neofiti as a Prot
Page 258 and 259:
Page 260 and 261:
Page 262 and 263:
Page 264 and 265:
Page 266 and 267:
MAKER Targum Pseudo-Jonathan of Deu
Page 268 and 269:
MAHER Targum Pseudo-Jonathan of Deu
Page 270 and 271:
Page 272 and 273:
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
Page 278 and 279:
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
Page 286 and 287:
MAHER Tar gum Pseudo-Jonathan of De
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
Page 292 and 293:
A PORTRAIT OF THE WICKED ESAU IN TH
Page 294 and 295:
HAYWARD A Portrait of the Wicked Es
Page 296 and 297:
Page 298 and 299:
Page 300 and 301:
Page 302 and 303:
Page 304 and 305:
Page 306 and 307:
Page 308 and 309:
Page 310 and 311:
Page 312 and 313:
SYREN Ishmael and Esau in Jubilees
Page 314 and 315:
SYREN Ishmael and Esau in Jubilees
Page 316 and 317:
SYREN Ishmael and'Esau in Jubilees
Page 318 and 319:
Part V TARGUMS OF THE HAGIOGRAPHA
Page 320 and 321:
ALEXANDER The Tar gum of the Song o
Page 322 and 323:
ALEXANDER The Tar gum of the Song o
Page 324 and 325:
ALEXANDER The Targum of the Song of
Page 326 and 327:
ALEXANDER The Targum of the Song of
Page 328 and 329: ALEXANDER The Targum of the Song of
Page 342 and 343: BEATTIE The Textual Tradition of Ta
Page 350 and 351: SOME SIMILARITIES BETWEEN TARGUM JO
Page 352 and 353: MANGAN Similarities between Targum
Page 354 and 355: MANGAN Similarities between Tareum
Page 356 and 357: EGO Targumization as Theologization
Page 362 and 363: Part VI TARGUM AND NEW TESTAMENT
Page 364 and 365: WlLCOX The Aramaic Background of th
Page 374 and 375: WILCOX The Aramaic Background of th
Page 380 and 381: ARAMAIC AND TARGUMIC ANTECEDENTS OF
Page 382 and 383: CHILTON Aramaic and Targumic Antece
Page 400 and 401: Part VII JEWISH TRADITIONS AND CHRI
Page 402 and 403: NORTON Jews, Greeks and the Hexapla
Page 422 and 423: KOPFSTEIN Jewish Traditions in the
Page 428 and 429:
KOPFSTEIN Jewish Traditions in the
Page 430 and 431:
KOPFSTEIN Jewish Traditions in the
Page 432 and 433:
JEWISH TRADITION, THE PSEUDEPIGRAPH
Page 434 and 435:
STONE Jewish Tradition and the Chri
Page 436 and 437:
Page 438 and 439:
Page 440 and 441:
Page 442 and 443:
Page 444 and 445:
Page 446 and 447:
Page 448 and 449:
Page 450 and 451:
Page 452 and 453:
Index of References 451 5.3 6.5 7.1
Page 454 and 455:
Index of References 453 25.5 29.18
Page 456 and 457:
Index of References 455 3.4 Zephani
Page 458 and 459:
IQGenApoc 2.32 1QH 4.6 6.21-22 IQIs
Page 460 and 461:
II 5.1 II 5.16 II 6.1 II 6.11 II 8.
Page 462 and 463:
20.18 20.21 Neof. Deut. 24.6 26.7 N
Page 464 and 465:
. Hul. 92a 115b b. Ket. 46a 84b b.
Page 466 and 467:
Ant. 1.13 405 1.327 304 3.295 280 4
Page 468 and 469:
Cohen, G.D. 292, 296 Cohen, M.R. 33
Page 470 and 471:
Marsden, N. 31 Marshall, F.H. 442 M
show all

The Aramaic Bible: Targums in their Historical Context

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?