The Acts of the Apostles
The Acts of the Apostles The Acts of the Apostles
34 THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES We may thus conclude that there is absolutely no difference between the chronological terminology of the we-sections and that which is employed in the rest of the work, and that so far as chronological procedure is concerned the we-sections cannot be dis- tinguished from the work as a separate source. Moreover, even apart from terminology, the character and the extent of the author's employment of chrono- logy is quite similar and consistent throughout the whole work. If the author possessed written sources for the Acts, then—so far as we can judge from his procedure in regard to chronology—he has not pieced them together unskilfully and corrected them clumsily throughout, but has used them freely, just as one would use oral sources. APPENDIX II Ckronolo^iccd Information to he gainedfrom the Acts The careful reader of the Acts could derive from the book the following pieces of chronological information : From the gospel he knew that our Lord was born under Augustus, that He entered upon His public ministry in the fifteenth year of Tiberius Caesar, and that He was crucified under the procurator Pilate and the tetrarch Herod Antipas. It was not difficult for him to ascertain that Tiberius died in the year a.d. 37, that Antipas was banished in a.d. 39, and that Pilate was recalled in the year a.d. 36. From Acts xi. 28, xii. 1, he would see that the foun- dation of the first Gentile Christian community (in
APPENDIX II 35 Antioch) fell in the time of Claudius, and that the first sanguinary persecution of the Apostles, recorded as contemporary with the former event (to be dis- tinguished from the persecution of the Christian Hellenists in Jerusalem), took place under Herod Agrippa. Since the latter reigned from a.d. 41 to A.D. 44 it would be obvious that all which is recorded in the first twelve chapters of the Acts belonged to a period of eleven to thirteen (fourteen) years, and accordingly occupied the last years of Tiberius, the reign of Caligula, and the very first years of Claudius. On reading further he would recognise from xviii. 2 that the narrative was still confined to the reign of Claudius, and that therefore all the events recorded from chap. xi. to chap, xviii. up to the arrival of St. Paul in Corinth must have fallen within the years A.D. 41(44)-54. When, however, in xxiii. 26^. the reader met with the name of the procurator Felix and then with that of Festus, and further learnt that St. Paul was cast into prison two years before the recall of Felix (xxiv. 27)—the entry into office of three procurators could have been ascertained without great difficulty at that time— ; and seeing, lastly, that in the chapters xviii._xxii. reference is again and again made to the succession of years, we can perceive that he must have derived from these notices sufficiently satisfactory chronological information, even if he could no longer ascertain with accuracy the year in which Claudius banished the Jews from Rome. Although it is not expressly stated in the book, he could have no doubt that it was Nero to whom St. Paul appealed and to
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34 THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES<br />
We may thus conclude that <strong>the</strong>re is absolutely no<br />
difference between <strong>the</strong> chronological terminology <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> we-sections and that which is employed in <strong>the</strong><br />
rest <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> work, and that so far as chronological<br />
procedure is concerned <strong>the</strong> we-sections cannot be dis-<br />
tinguished from <strong>the</strong> work as a separate source.<br />
Moreover, even apart from terminology, <strong>the</strong> character<br />
and <strong>the</strong> extent <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> author's employment <strong>of</strong> chrono-<br />
logy is quite similar and consistent throughout <strong>the</strong><br />
whole work. If <strong>the</strong> author possessed written sources<br />
for <strong>the</strong> <strong>Acts</strong>, <strong>the</strong>n—so far as we can judge from his<br />
procedure in regard to chronology—he has not<br />
pieced <strong>the</strong>m toge<strong>the</strong>r unskilfully and corrected <strong>the</strong>m<br />
clumsily throughout, but has used <strong>the</strong>m freely, just as<br />
one would use oral sources.<br />
APPENDIX II<br />
Ckronolo^iccd Information to he gainedfrom <strong>the</strong> <strong>Acts</strong><br />
<strong>The</strong> careful reader <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Acts</strong> could derive from<br />
<strong>the</strong> book <strong>the</strong> following pieces <strong>of</strong> chronological information<br />
: From <strong>the</strong> gospel he knew that our Lord<br />
was born under Augustus, that He entered upon His<br />
public ministry in <strong>the</strong> fifteenth year <strong>of</strong> Tiberius<br />
Caesar, and that He was crucified under <strong>the</strong> procurator<br />
Pilate and <strong>the</strong> tetrarch Herod Antipas. It was not<br />
difficult for him to ascertain that Tiberius died in <strong>the</strong><br />
year a.d. 37, that Antipas was banished in a.d. 39,<br />
and that Pilate was recalled in <strong>the</strong> year a.d. 36.<br />
From <strong>Acts</strong> xi. 28, xii. 1, he would see that <strong>the</strong> foun-<br />
dation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> first Gentile Christian community (in