BUILDING FOR SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY - Kennedy Bibliothek

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Even though the document is unique in tackling complex issues in an understandable and clear language, this goal apparently has not been achieved. John Wilson, the Director of the SAND (South Arsenal Neighborhood Development) project, stated that between the experts from Process and grass roots citizen groups, communication was difficult. Although publicly there was agreement on the goals, this was seldom followed by action. "In practical terms, Process is an organization of some 30 planners, economists, social service, health and community workers headed by lawyer Peter Libassi, former executive of the National Urban Coalition under John Gardner. As the diagram indicates, Process gets advice from the Greater Hartford Corporation, run by and for the downtown business community, whose job is to raise private capital. Between 1969 and 1972 it has come up with $3 million and seeks $7 million commitment from private business over the next five years. Process relays its proposals to planning agencies in 28 towns that make up the Greater Hartford Region. But since Process itself has no governmental' authority these initiatives may be revised, rejected or simply ignored by local government agencies. So far, local governments have given Process a mixed reception. It also conveys its ideas to the Greater Hartford Community Development Corporation - or DevCo - the finance and construction arms of Process. Also headed by Libassi, DevCo consists of some 15 architects, planners and economists. Their job is to acquire land, prepare site plans and obtain financing. Finally, Process gets ideas and advice, from citizens, but so far has been criticized - by HUD,(l) among others - for not doing this assiduously enough .... Since the most promising aspect of Process is its approach to problems on a region-wide rather than single-city basis, it is fitting that one of its major achievements is the launching of Coventry, a new town in the suburbs, while the other is the launching of DevCo-SAND, a joint development project in inner Hartford. New Neighborhoods, a third concept, aims to build 300 acres of upper-, middle- and subsidized low-income housing in the suburbs. Process hopes through this program, to make available to low-income families the choice of moving to the suburbs should they desire."(2) 1) HUD = Federal Department of Housing and Urban Development. 2) "Recycling Cities", Design and Environment, N° 14, 1973, pages 31-32, 96
126. The list of projects dedicated to achieving a balanced growth and an amelioration of major problems has grown. Apart from progress reports which appear every six months and list activities of particular interest in this span of time, there is a "Report of the Process, May 1972 - February 1975" which covers an ambitious program of physical, social and economic development: - progress on five development sites (SAND, Upper Albany, Congress Street, South Hartford, Coventry) and technical assistance to towns (Farmington and West Hartford); - new institutions, programs and activities (neighbourhood social services, region-wide personal care for the elderly, neighbourhood employment services, city economic development, neighbourhood health centers, North Hartford Health Study, neighbourhood housing services, fair housing practices and higher education services); and - support of community organisations (Citizens' Assembly, SAND, UACO and neighbourhood coalition - the latter designed to bring together 16 city neighbourhoods to learn from one another, seeking city-wide unity and sharing of experience). 127. For obvious reasons these reports tend to stress achievements rather than problem areas. Comparing the information they provide with that gathered in SAND, differences became apparent. These are probably due to differing viewpoints at different levels of responsibility and to many years of fighting at the project level which left its mark on the spirit of the people involved. Nonetheless, several points may be made: It seems as if the city-wide Process toward regeneration has at the .same time helped and hindered the development of SAND. Process helped in raising funds and, in some cases, in the negotiation of agreements between the neighbourhood and various city agencies. Process hindered developments by making SAND a model case for other neighbourhoods. This meant, that SAND had to sacrifice some of its autonomy in order to make it an applicable model for other neighbourhoods. However, it was often accused of creating a city within a city. 97
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OECD BUILDING FOR SCHOOL AND COMMUN
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OECD PROGRAMME ON EDUCATIONAL BUILD
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PREFACE CONTENTS THE DEVELOPMENT OF
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strictly speaking a case study repo
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INTRODUCTION 1. Change and the deve
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different groups within the communi
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Congress passed the National Defens
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programs continued through the 1940
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36. There are now approximately 1 1
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Secretary of the Department of Heal
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53. All of these trends have combin
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INTRODUCTION CONTENT OF STUDY 1. Th
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is available on these projects, thi
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school to widen its uses to include
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In 1935 financial support for commu
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GLOSSARY OF TERMS 19. Mainly for th
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the study, depends largely on the a
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to the acceptability of uses. State
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Background Information THE PURPOSE-
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-P- -P- Center a) Dana P. Whitmer H
Page 46 and 47: 4> C^ Table 5 ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROB
Page 48 and 49: Figure 1 PLAN OF DANA P. WHITMER HU
Page 50 and 51: Figure 2 PLAN OF THOMAS JEFFERSON J
Page 52 and 53: Figure 3 PLAN OF PAUL LAURENCE DUNB
Page 54 and 55: VJl 4> Figure 3 PLAN OF PAUL LAUREN
Page 56 and 57: came out was what the community wan
Page 58 and 59: social pressures and economic condi
Page 60 and 61: Figure 4 TEAM TEACHING ORGANISATION
Page 62 and 63: ut the ungraded home base system al
Page 64 and 65: Figure 6 SITE PLAN OF DANA P. WHITM
Page 66 and 67: however, at the seam between large
Page 68 and 69: Figure 8 DIAGRAM OF SPACE USAGE FOR
Page 70 and 71: agencies, but also an office for pa
Page 72 and 73: 71. The author then proceeds to ana
Page 74 and 75: districts in the United States to t
Page 76 and 77: the inner city were changed to acco
Page 78 and 79: 86. He organised marathon basketbal
Page 80 and 81: school, (the largest In New Jersey,
Page 83 and 84: Part Two CO-ORDINATION ON A CITY-WI
Page 85 and 86: was conducted, neither of these pla
Page 87 and 88: 30% use empty schools for new purpo
Page 89 and 90: ORGANIC GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY SCH
Page 91 and 92: "Almost without exception, the vari
Page 93 and 94: supermarket has proved to be an exc
Page 95: - working at a large enough scale;
Page 99 and 100: and to specific measurable educatio
Page 101 and 102: ii) Problems and Barriers 133. Desc
Page 103 and 104: Figure 13 ORIGINAL PROPOSAL FOR A M
Page 105 and 106: open warehouse space into highly pe
Page 107 and 108: 107 PEB Secretariat
Page 109 and 110: parts of the community. He often co
Page 111 and 112: tion of new teachers; staff develop
Page 113 and 114: iii) produce a detailed planning pr
Page 115 and 116: problems associated with them. None
Page 117 and 118: 158. Even though the intention to d
Page 119 and 120: Figure 14 THE ORGANISATIONAL UNITS
Page 121 and 122: e) Examples of Cases Implemented 16
Page 123 and 124: - and the indoor recreation buildin
Page 125 and 126: Figure 16 FLOOR PLAN OF MACK SCHOOL
Page 127 and 128: Figure 17 FLOOR PLAN OF BRYANT SCHO
Page 129 and 130: of its curriculum, it also sets an
Page 131 and 132: Meeting to select new staff and str
Page 133 and 134: iii) in terms of process: - the pro
Page 135 and 136: BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES PUBLISHED
Page 137 and 138: Ann Arbor, Michigan CASE STUDY MATE
Page 139 and 140: "How to Get the New Jersey- High Sc
Page 141: Pontiac, Michigan "Whitmer Human Re
Page 145 and 146: INTRODUCTION 1. Co-ordination of sc
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student comes out of the educationa
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Part One INDICATIONS OF CHANGE Resu
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neighborhoods there at all, at leas
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HUMAN RESOURCES CENTER, PONTIAC, MI
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44. Such a design was somewhat exce
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assignments, etc.(l) Thus education
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47. The remainder of this paper wil
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Part Two CO-ORDINATION OF FACILITIE
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54. The impact on co-ordination was
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59. Turned into a method, it is as
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citizens and users have been involv
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j) The planners and architects will
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GAME 1. Developing an Inventory The
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FIRST NEIGHBORHOOD CENTER, GANANDA
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Making Maps 69. Every community and
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Children Making Maps RE-USE OF THE
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ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN Children and pa
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citizens to walk in off the street
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design. Two young people from the c
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89. Gradually a design for the buil
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and representatives of the communit
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IX. Final Town Meeting. The followi
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III. Third day. Team executes desig
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user/needs are being properly met,
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120. Perhaps the most radically new
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125. The reasons for this growing c
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134. But a new building (or even a
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