BUILDING FOR SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY - Kennedy Bibliothek

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and interest, etc., the school becomes a community center in a true sense, and is also enormously enrichening the education it offers to children."(1} 163. This all-inclusive view of the school as a community center has been somewhat reduced by the new administration. Altogether, allocations to the community education program for 1976 were less than 1% of the total budget. Reflective of this community de-emphasis, the Community Education Department's name has been changed to Continuing and Community Education Department. Mainly centered around recreational and adult education, it does, however, include a representative cross section of the Ann Arbor schools: 25 elementary, 5 intermediate, 2 high schools and 2 alternative educational programs - altogether 35 schools. 16.4. Another essential part of the decentralised and totally individualised instruction program introduced in the McPherson era was a fully automated computer system to support the administrative structures in linking pupils' choices and educational resources in terms of scheduling and management. This rather expensive device which cost approximately $400,000 in terms of programming and consulting time and which never was fully operationalised was abandoned as soon as the new administration moved in. 165. One advantage in Ann Arbor proved to be that the Recreation Department as well as the Public Libraries service are part of the Board of Education. Recreation programs are jointly financed (fifty-fifty) by the Board and the City of Ann Arbor.and the operational tax support for recreation in 1975-76 totals $237 735 of which $123 585 came from the Public Schools and $11,4 150 from the City. During 1974-75, approximately 248 000 adults and children participated in active and passive recreation programs. Some of the most successful programs which attracted participants are: the Junior Theater Program (an outgrowth of the Cultural Arts Program, which provides high quality children's theater), the Senior Citizen Program, a program for the handicapped, sports and art fairs. The Recreation Department utilises most of the thirty-six public schools and assists the Continuing Education and Community School Department in organising Community School programs. Through co-operation with the City Parks and Recreation, the three artificial ice rinks and outdoor swimming pools, baseball and Softball diamonds and the six natural ice rinks, provide the Recreation. Department with additional facilities to service the citizens with community recreation needs. 1) UDA, op.cit., page 78. 120
e) Examples of Cases Implemented 166.. Although the five new schools and the one school renovation which formed the major proportion of the capital program were not originally to represent a cross-section of metropolitan characteristics, this is exactly what they do: - Mack and Slauson are inner city schools, one elementary, the other junior high; - Bryant Community School in the southeast section serves an older but still growing suburban community; - Northeast is situated in a new suburban community with a high percentage of graduate students from the University of Michigan; - Dixboro is located in a suburban community which abuts open countryside. In spite of the ups and downs, delays and discontinuities, in the meantime, all the five new schools have been built but Slauson has not yet been renovated. Mack, which included the most far reaching inter-agency use programs, carried the main thrusts of the physical and educational master plan into effect. Its site relates directly to the planned "mini-system", and parents and teachers were involved in the planning process. i) Mack 16.7. In October 1971 the central administration was of the opinion that the existing Mack elementary building would have to be demolished to make way for a new facility. However, UDA's community process not only established a strong bond with the old school - many parents and grandparents of the children there had been educated in the old school - but it also proved that the Tudor-style brick building could be usefully remodelled and serve as a community wing. Aided by their city-wide planning experience, UDA found that the downtown branch of the county community college was ready to use the upper, two levels, while a social services and community center could be situated on the lower level-arid-a-half. Social services include a health and dental clinic, a community lounge and meeting rooms, and accommodation for adult education. Arts facilities include studios for crafts, drama and music. The theatre was restored for joint usage. Two new wings had to be added: - the elementary school wing designed in accordance with the education plan; 121
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OECD BUILDING FOR SCHOOL AND COMMUN
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OECD PROGRAMME ON EDUCATIONAL BUILD
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PREFACE CONTENTS THE DEVELOPMENT OF
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strictly speaking a case study repo
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INTRODUCTION 1. Change and the deve
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different groups within the communi
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Congress passed the National Defens
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programs continued through the 1940
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36. There are now approximately 1 1
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Secretary of the Department of Heal
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53. All of these trends have combin
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INTRODUCTION CONTENT OF STUDY 1. Th
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is available on these projects, thi
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school to widen its uses to include
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In 1935 financial support for commu
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GLOSSARY OF TERMS 19. Mainly for th
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the study, depends largely on the a
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to the acceptability of uses. State
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Background Information THE PURPOSE-
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-P- -P- Center a) Dana P. Whitmer H
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4> C^ Table 5 ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROB
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Figure 1 PLAN OF DANA P. WHITMER HU
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Figure 2 PLAN OF THOMAS JEFFERSON J
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Figure 3 PLAN OF PAUL LAURENCE DUNB
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VJl 4> Figure 3 PLAN OF PAUL LAUREN
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came out was what the community wan
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social pressures and economic condi
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Figure 4 TEAM TEACHING ORGANISATION
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ut the ungraded home base system al
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Figure 6 SITE PLAN OF DANA P. WHITM
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however, at the seam between large
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Figure 8 DIAGRAM OF SPACE USAGE FOR
Page 70 and 71: agencies, but also an office for pa
Page 72 and 73: 71. The author then proceeds to ana
Page 74 and 75: districts in the United States to t
Page 76 and 77: the inner city were changed to acco
Page 78 and 79: 86. He organised marathon basketbal
Page 80 and 81: school, (the largest In New Jersey,
Page 83 and 84: Part Two CO-ORDINATION ON A CITY-WI
Page 85 and 86: was conducted, neither of these pla
Page 87 and 88: 30% use empty schools for new purpo
Page 89 and 90: ORGANIC GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY SCH
Page 91 and 92: "Almost without exception, the vari
Page 93 and 94: supermarket has proved to be an exc
Page 95 and 96: - working at a large enough scale;
Page 97 and 98: 126. The list of projects dedicated
Page 99 and 100: and to specific measurable educatio
Page 101 and 102: ii) Problems and Barriers 133. Desc
Page 103 and 104: Figure 13 ORIGINAL PROPOSAL FOR A M
Page 105 and 106: open warehouse space into highly pe
Page 107 and 108: 107 PEB Secretariat
Page 109 and 110: parts of the community. He often co
Page 111 and 112: tion of new teachers; staff develop
Page 113 and 114: iii) produce a detailed planning pr
Page 115 and 116: problems associated with them. None
Page 117 and 118: 158. Even though the intention to d
Page 119: Figure 14 THE ORGANISATIONAL UNITS
Page 123 and 124: - and the indoor recreation buildin
Page 125 and 126: Figure 16 FLOOR PLAN OF MACK SCHOOL
Page 127 and 128: Figure 17 FLOOR PLAN OF BRYANT SCHO
Page 129 and 130: of its curriculum, it also sets an
Page 131 and 132: Meeting to select new staff and str
Page 133 and 134: iii) in terms of process: - the pro
Page 135 and 136: BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES PUBLISHED
Page 137 and 138: Ann Arbor, Michigan CASE STUDY MATE
Page 139 and 140: "How to Get the New Jersey- High Sc
Page 141: Pontiac, Michigan "Whitmer Human Re
Page 145 and 146: INTRODUCTION 1. Co-ordination of sc
Page 147 and 148: student comes out of the educationa
Page 149 and 150: Part One INDICATIONS OF CHANGE Resu
Page 151 and 152: neighborhoods there at all, at leas
Page 153 and 154: HUMAN RESOURCES CENTER, PONTIAC, MI
Page 155 and 156: 44. Such a design was somewhat exce
Page 157 and 158: assignments, etc.(l) Thus education
Page 159 and 160: 47. The remainder of this paper wil
Page 161 and 162: Part Two CO-ORDINATION OF FACILITIE
Page 163 and 164: 54. The impact on co-ordination was
Page 165 and 166: 59. Turned into a method, it is as
Page 167 and 168: citizens and users have been involv
Page 169 and 170: j) The planners and architects will
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GAME 1. Developing an Inventory The
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FIRST NEIGHBORHOOD CENTER, GANANDA
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Making Maps 69. Every community and
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Children Making Maps RE-USE OF THE
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ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN Children and pa
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citizens to walk in off the street
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design. Two young people from the c
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89. Gradually a design for the buil
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and representatives of the communit
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IX. Final Town Meeting. The followi
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III. Third day. Team executes desig
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user/needs are being properly met,
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120. Perhaps the most radically new
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125. The reasons for this growing c
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134. But a new building (or even a
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