BUILDING FOR SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY - Kennedy Bibliothek

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period. Sharing the costs are: HUD (The Federal Department of Housing and Urban Development) City of Hartford Hartford Board of Education State of Connecticut Greater Hartford Chamber of Commerce Greater Hartford Development Corporation. 144. SAND's projected goals and activities for 1976 give a clear picture as to where the project stands now and point to some of the hopes and difficulties that have to be dealt with in the near future. During the first quarter of 1976 SAND was planning to secure designation as developer for North Arsenal in addition to being developer for South Arsenal. It intended to acquire funds or arrange alternative means for hiring a land use planner and an economic development consultant to work with SAND and the community residents to develop a comprehensive land use plan for commerce, light industry and housing for the remaining free land in the Arsenal area and to plan overall financing for the development. During the second quarter two of the major goals were to work with the City on a comprehensive site plan for land use in Arsenal and to prepare a site plan for the commercial center. In the course of the third quarter it is foreseen that the design of the commercial center will be completed and financial arrangements for the development of the center finalised. In the fourth quarter SAND will begin to work with the City to develop financing and marketing programs to attract light industry to North Arsenal and to organise work training programs which enable the residents of Arsenal to be eligible for employment by the incoming commercial and light industry concerns. Finally, 1976 should also see the Everywhere School completed and in operation. iv) Comments 145. The SAND Project imbedded within the Greater Hartford Process provides a new standard for problems of comprehensive planning. No other neighbourhood was visited in the course of the study which had reached the same level of consciousness, expertise and endurance, even though others certainly had similar problems. It is difficult in a fairly short description to touch on all the important details which convey the friendly and confident community spirit which strikes the newcomer to the project. Things that cause minor revolutions in other parts of the United States are taken for granted here (e.g. existing staff participate in the selec- 110
tion of new teachers; staff development is considered as a necessity and as serious as child development; one talks in terms of "multiple roles" and demonstrates to the children that human beings can assume more than one role - for example, a postman tuning a piano). No wonder that people continually apply to work in SAND and the number of competent volunteers supporting it is, and has been, tremendous. 146. One cannot help getting enthusiastic about the mixture of expertise from different sources and good plain common sense that has gone into creating the planning, architectural and educational solutions. At the same time they seem to be geared to the complex problems of a ghetto neighbourhood and yet draw on the latest social, educational and design approaches. A spirit of local endeavour is thereby created which in the best sense reflects the possibilities latently present in the communitybased decision-making structure in the United States. SAND's success seems to be based on several factors: - continuous leadership since the inception of the project; - excellent expert resources and the right mix of legal, financial and educational planning expertise; - being part of a region-wide endeavour; - making full use of the opportunities of governmental support available at different times. The influence of the SAND project on developments in the city is considerable. The city has not only started to adopt the SAND policy of dispersed facilities, it has also recently begun to decentralise various city departmentso The Ann Arbor Community/School Concept 147. In the same way that Hartford (to the citizens in the United States) connotes "insurance companies", Ann Arbor means the "University of Michigan", The university is by far the largest industry in the city followed by research industries which draw on its scientific resources. The old university city with a population of 100 000 is part of an urban corridor growing rapidly westwards from Detroit. Interstate Highway 94 connecting Ann Arbor with Detroit is one of seven major radial corridors changing the urbanisation pattern of the metropolitan area. Although open countryside still exists in the 35 mile distance between Ann Arbor and Detroit, it is easy to see that within a few years there will be a continuous development between the two cities. Unlike the present inner city structure, much of 111
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OECD BUILDING FOR SCHOOL AND COMMUN
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OECD PROGRAMME ON EDUCATIONAL BUILD
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PREFACE CONTENTS THE DEVELOPMENT OF
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strictly speaking a case study repo
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INTRODUCTION 1. Change and the deve
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different groups within the communi
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Congress passed the National Defens
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programs continued through the 1940
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36. There are now approximately 1 1
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Secretary of the Department of Heal
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53. All of these trends have combin
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INTRODUCTION CONTENT OF STUDY 1. Th
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is available on these projects, thi
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school to widen its uses to include
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In 1935 financial support for commu
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GLOSSARY OF TERMS 19. Mainly for th
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the study, depends largely on the a
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to the acceptability of uses. State
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Background Information THE PURPOSE-
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-P- -P- Center a) Dana P. Whitmer H
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4> C^ Table 5 ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROB
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Figure 1 PLAN OF DANA P. WHITMER HU
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Figure 2 PLAN OF THOMAS JEFFERSON J
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Figure 3 PLAN OF PAUL LAURENCE DUNB
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VJl 4> Figure 3 PLAN OF PAUL LAUREN
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came out was what the community wan
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social pressures and economic condi
Page 60 and 61: Figure 4 TEAM TEACHING ORGANISATION
Page 62 and 63: ut the ungraded home base system al
Page 64 and 65: Figure 6 SITE PLAN OF DANA P. WHITM
Page 66 and 67: however, at the seam between large
Page 68 and 69: Figure 8 DIAGRAM OF SPACE USAGE FOR
Page 70 and 71: agencies, but also an office for pa
Page 72 and 73: 71. The author then proceeds to ana
Page 74 and 75: districts in the United States to t
Page 76 and 77: the inner city were changed to acco
Page 78 and 79: 86. He organised marathon basketbal
Page 80 and 81: school, (the largest In New Jersey,
Page 83 and 84: Part Two CO-ORDINATION ON A CITY-WI
Page 85 and 86: was conducted, neither of these pla
Page 87 and 88: 30% use empty schools for new purpo
Page 89 and 90: ORGANIC GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY SCH
Page 91 and 92: "Almost without exception, the vari
Page 93 and 94: supermarket has proved to be an exc
Page 95 and 96: - working at a large enough scale;
Page 97 and 98: 126. The list of projects dedicated
Page 99 and 100: and to specific measurable educatio
Page 101 and 102: ii) Problems and Barriers 133. Desc
Page 103 and 104: Figure 13 ORIGINAL PROPOSAL FOR A M
Page 105 and 106: open warehouse space into highly pe
Page 107 and 108: 107 PEB Secretariat
Page 109: parts of the community. He often co
Page 113 and 114: iii) produce a detailed planning pr
Page 115 and 116: problems associated with them. None
Page 117 and 118: 158. Even though the intention to d
Page 119 and 120: Figure 14 THE ORGANISATIONAL UNITS
Page 121 and 122: e) Examples of Cases Implemented 16
Page 123 and 124: - and the indoor recreation buildin
Page 125 and 126: Figure 16 FLOOR PLAN OF MACK SCHOOL
Page 127 and 128: Figure 17 FLOOR PLAN OF BRYANT SCHO
Page 129 and 130: of its curriculum, it also sets an
Page 131 and 132: Meeting to select new staff and str
Page 133 and 134: iii) in terms of process: - the pro
Page 135 and 136: BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES PUBLISHED
Page 137 and 138: Ann Arbor, Michigan CASE STUDY MATE
Page 139 and 140: "How to Get the New Jersey- High Sc
Page 141: Pontiac, Michigan "Whitmer Human Re
Page 145 and 146: INTRODUCTION 1. Co-ordination of sc
Page 147 and 148: student comes out of the educationa
Page 149 and 150: Part One INDICATIONS OF CHANGE Resu
Page 151 and 152: neighborhoods there at all, at leas
Page 153 and 154: HUMAN RESOURCES CENTER, PONTIAC, MI
Page 155 and 156: 44. Such a design was somewhat exce
Page 157 and 158: assignments, etc.(l) Thus education
Page 159 and 160: 47. The remainder of this paper wil
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Part Two CO-ORDINATION OF FACILITIE
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54. The impact on co-ordination was
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59. Turned into a method, it is as
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citizens and users have been involv
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j) The planners and architects will
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GAME 1. Developing an Inventory The
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FIRST NEIGHBORHOOD CENTER, GANANDA
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Making Maps 69. Every community and
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Children Making Maps RE-USE OF THE
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ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN Children and pa
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citizens to walk in off the street
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design. Two young people from the c
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89. Gradually a design for the buil
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and representatives of the communit
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IX. Final Town Meeting. The followi
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III. Third day. Team executes desig
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user/needs are being properly met,
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120. Perhaps the most radically new
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125. The reasons for this growing c
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134. But a new building (or even a
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