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A comparison of wi-fi and wimax with case studies - Florida State ...

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3.3.2. MAC Layer<br />

3.3.2.1. Introduction<br />

Figure 3-14 DSSS-OFDM Short Preamble Structure<br />

In the human world, laws are the tools to avoid arguments <strong>and</strong> accidents <strong>and</strong> it is the same<br />

<strong>wi</strong>th networks. Wireless transmission has many problems such as interference, fading, collision,<br />

<strong>and</strong> security. In the MAC (Media Access Control) layer, the 802.11 working group, established a<br />

variety <strong>of</strong> rules <strong>and</strong> functions to improve system performance <strong>and</strong> solve these problems.<br />

3.3.2.2. DCF (Distributed Coordination Function) <strong>and</strong> PCF (Point<br />

Coordination Function)<br />

DCF is the core <strong>of</strong> CSMA/CA <strong>and</strong> most <strong>of</strong> the transmissions using 802.11 st<strong>and</strong>ards are<br />

based on it. With DCF, there is no central control. Stations have to compete for the use <strong>of</strong><br />

channels. Any transmissions using CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision<br />

Avoidance) belongs to DCF type transmission. The other mode, PCF, is a central control type.<br />

With PCF, a base station controls all transmission orders; therefore there is no competition <strong>and</strong><br />

collisions in this mode. The base station <strong>wi</strong>ll poll other stations to see if they have frames to send.<br />

The polling frequency <strong>and</strong> order are decided by a polling list, which is not equaled. Any station<br />

<strong>wi</strong>ll be added to the list after connecting to the base station. [17][55]<br />

27

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