Renewable Energy Technology Assessments - Kauai Island Utility ...

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Kaua’i Island Utility Cooperative Renewable Energy Technology Assessments )MSW Plant (High Tipping Fee Hydro: Wainiha Wind: Omao Wind: Kalaheo Wind: Maha'ulepu Hydro: Wailua Hydro: Upper Lihue Hydro: Kitano-Waimea Wind: North of Hanapepe Wind: Poipu Hydro: Waimea Mauka Wind: Anahola Hydro: Puu Lua-Kitano )MSW Plant (Mid Tipping Fee Wind: Kokee )MSW/Biomass Plant (Low Fuel Cost )MSW Plant (Low Tipping Fee Landfill Gas: Kekaha Landfill )MSW/Biomass Plant (Mid Fuel Cost )MSW/Biomass Plant (High Fuel Cost Biomass: Biomass Plant Low Cost Biomass: Biomass Plant Mid Cost Biomass: Biomass Plant High Cost 11.0 Final Renewable Energy Project Scoring - 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Figure 11-3. Scoring Results Breakdown. Levelized Cost Premium Kauai Resource Potential Fit to KIUC Needs Technology Maturity Environmental Impact Socioeconomic Impact Incentives / Barriers 21 March 2005 11-1 Black & Veatch
Kaua’i Island Utility Cooperative Renewable Energy Technology Assessments 12.0 Conclusions 12.0 Conclusions The objective of this study is to identify the best renewable energy options for development on the island of Kauai. This project surveyed the renewable resources of Kauai and found that there are several commercial renewable energy resources that could reduce or eliminate Kauai’s dependence on fossil fuels for electricity production. Further, it appears that developing these indigenous resources may be possible at lower cost than the present reliance on imported fuels. This project reviewed the prospects for twenty six renewable and advanced energy technologies. After a first phase of screening, it was found that in the near-term, biomass, municipal solid waste, hydro, wind and landfill gas were the most promising options. Each of these technologies was assessed, typical projects characterized, and their economics evaluated. The summary conclusions of these assessments are provided here, in order of the most promising resources to least. • Hydro – Out of over 40 options, six promising hydro projects were identified, and all seem very economical except for, perhaps, the Upper Lihue upgrade project. The lowest cost projects are the new 4 MW Wainiha and 6.6 MW Wailua developments, at levelized costs of $58.40/MWh and $60.40/MWh (2009$), respectively. However, hydro development does have challenges on Kauai. The last new utility scale hydropower plant on Kauai, Waimea Mauka, was constructed a half century ago. The reasons for this are varied, and highlight the importance of careful project selection, a measured development strategy, and a collaborative development approach involving • agricultural/industrial partners, environmental advocates, and the greater island community as a whole. The most important next steps for hydro are discussions with site owners, followed by additional site investigation and feasibility analysis. Wind – Wind resources on Kauai are good and distributed throughout the island. Theoretically, wind could meet all of Kauai’s electrical energy needs if a means could be found to “firm-up” the resource with energy storage or other technologies. This study characterized seven wind sites in Kauai. The projects ranged from developments on relatively flat land with moderate wind speeds but easy site access, to exposed ridgeline developments with higher wind speeds but more difficult construction. The life-cycle economic analysis showed that these attributes roughly counteract each other. With the exception of the smaller 2 MW Kokee project, the 6.6 MW wind projects were close in levelized cost, ranging from $64/MWh to $73/MWh. No wind 21 March 2005 12-1 Black & Veatch
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Principal Investigators: Ryan Pletk
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