Renewable Energy Technology Assessments - Kauai Island Utility ...
Renewable Energy Technology Assessments - Kauai Island Utility ... Renewable Energy Technology Assessments - Kauai Island Utility ...
Kaua’i Island Utility Cooperative Renewable Energy Technology Assessments 9.0 Wind Based on the anemometer data and information form the validated wind map, Black & Veatch developed capacity factor and annual production estimates for each of the wind sites, as shown in Table 9-2. Not having a specific site layout, specific equipment selected, or detailed site data, a loss factor of 15 percent was applied to the theoretical output of all proposed projects to account for: plant transmission losses, plant electrical consumption, blade soiling, array losses, planned and unplanned outages of turbines or the grid, and other factors effecting overall energy yield. A more precise estimate can be calculated once a specific project is proposed. Site Nameplate Capacity, MW Table 9-2. Wind Area Production Estimates. Capacity Factor, percent Annual Generation, GWh/yr Kalaheo 6.6 35% 20.2 Omao 6.6 36% 20.8 Hanapepe 6.6 36% 20.8 Kokee 1.98 36% 6.2 Anahola 6.6 34% 19.7 Poipu 6.6 31% 17.9 Maha’ulepu 6.6 36% 20.8 9.5.2 Operating Profile A detailed production profile has been provided for a site in the three areas having local anemometry data: Kalaheo, Hanapepe, and Anahola. Kalaheo Kaleheo site performance estimates were made using the Port Allen 10 meter anemometer data scaled up to 50 meters using a wind sheer factor of 0.18 (appropriate for flat terrain). The data was then further scaled to the better wind site south east of Kalaheo using a ratio of 8.5/7 which is the ratio of wind speeds shown on the verified wind speed at 50 m map. These speeds were modeled with the Vestas V47 power curve, air density information and other factors to estimate capacity factor and the seasonal and diurnal power variation. Due to the distant location and low measurement height of the wind data, the information herein is only an indication of pattern and intensity. Data at or near hub height from the proposed site is necessary to give a firm estimate of production. Analyses yielded an approximate capacity factor of 35 percent at 50 meters for an annual 21 March 2005 9-18 Black & Veatch
Kaua’i Island Utility Cooperative Renewable Energy Technology Assessments 9.0 Wind energy yield of 20 GWh. Figure 9-9 shows power consumption for a Thursday in April 1996 with projected power production from a 6.6 MW Kalaheo project. The projected production from this coastal site has an afternoon peak in all seasons, closely following the load pattern. Wind Capacity Factor 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Summer Fall Winter 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 21 March 2005 9-19 Black & Veatch Spring Load: Thurs. April 4, 1996 Figure 9-9. Diurnal and Seasonal Capacity Factor with KIUC Summer Loads and Project Output, Kalaheo Area. Hanapepe Hanapepe site performance estimates were made using the 27 m (90 ft) anemometer data scaled up to 50 meters using a wind sheer factor of 0.1 (appropriate for ridgeline terrain). Black & Veatch did not have the precise location of the anemometer at the time of writing this report and did not assume a location correction factor as with the other two sites with data. The location of the anemometer appears close enough to a likely site to use the scaled data directly. The wind speeds were then modeled with the Vestas V47 power curve, air density information and other factors to estimate capacity factor and the seasonal and diurnal power variation. Due to the unknown siting of the anemometer, the production information herein is only an indication of pattern intensity. Data at or near hub height from the proposed site is necessary to give a firm estimate of production. 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Load (MW)
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Kaua’i <strong>Island</strong> <strong>Utility</strong> Cooperative<br />
<strong>Renewable</strong> <strong>Energy</strong> <strong>Technology</strong> <strong>Assessments</strong> 9.0 Wind<br />
energy yield of 20 GWh. Figure 9-9 shows power consumption for a Thursday in April<br />
1996 with projected power production from a 6.6 MW Kalaheo project. The projected<br />
production from this coastal site has an afternoon peak in all seasons, closely following<br />
the load pattern.<br />
Wind Capacity Factor<br />
80%<br />
70%<br />
60%<br />
50%<br />
40%<br />
30%<br />
20%<br />
10%<br />
0%<br />
Summer<br />
Fall<br />
Winter<br />
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24<br />
21 March 2005 9-19 Black & Veatch<br />
Spring<br />
Load: Thurs. April 4,<br />
1996<br />
Figure 9-9. Diurnal and Seasonal Capacity Factor with KIUC Summer Loads and<br />
Project Output, Kalaheo Area.<br />
Hanapepe<br />
Hanapepe site performance estimates were made using the 27 m (90 ft)<br />
anemometer data scaled up to 50 meters using a wind sheer factor of 0.1 (appropriate for<br />
ridgeline terrain). Black & Veatch did not have the precise location of the anemometer at<br />
the time of writing this report and did not assume a location correction factor as with the<br />
other two sites with data. The location of the anemometer appears close enough to a<br />
likely site to use the scaled data directly. The wind speeds were then modeled with the<br />
Vestas V47 power curve, air density information and other factors to estimate capacity<br />
factor and the seasonal and diurnal power variation. Due to the unknown siting of the<br />
anemometer, the production information herein is only an indication of pattern intensity.<br />
Data at or near hub height from the proposed site is necessary to give a firm estimate of<br />
production.<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60<br />
50<br />
40<br />
30<br />
20<br />
10<br />
0<br />
Load (MW)