Renewable Energy Technology Assessments - Kauai Island Utility ...
Renewable Energy Technology Assessments - Kauai Island Utility ... Renewable Energy Technology Assessments - Kauai Island Utility ...
Kaua’i Island Utility Cooperative Renewable Energy Technology Assessments 8.0 Hydro Inches of Rainfall 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Figure 8-1. Kauai Average Annual Rainfall Map (source: http://www.balihai.com/islandinfo/kauai_maps.html). Mount Waialeale Wainiha Intake Wainiha Powerhouse Makawele Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Figure 8-2. Monthly Precipitation at Select Stations in Kauai, Average 1970-2002 (Source: University of Hawaii). 73 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climactic Data Center, “Climate of Hawaii,” http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/narratives/HAWAII.htm 21 March 2005 8-4 Black & Veatch
Kaua’i Island Utility Cooperative Renewable Energy Technology Assessments 8.0 Hydro Discrete winter storms resulting in high stream flows provide much of the total precipitation records at these rain gages. Nevertheless light showers are also quite common throughout Hawaii. 74 Rainfall in Hawaii tends to fall more at night or early morning. This diurnal variation is more pronounced during the summer than in the winter. 75 Overall rainfall patterns and geography are favorable to hydropower in Kauai, but yearly, seasonal, and daily variations will impact the consistency of power production. Stream gaging stations is available throughout Kauai. Many of these are associated with the plantation irrigation systems where hydropower projects are likely to occur. Because the translation of existing stream flows to site specific flows requires significant effort, especially in view of the complex irrigation systems in some areas, individual stream gage data was not reviewed for this report. Flow data was based on previous studies noted herein. An example of stream flow is shown below in Figure 8-3. The gaging station is located between the diversion and powerhouse of the proposed upper Wainiha project. As this is an uncontrolled stream, the flow curve reflects the precipitation curves for the existing Wainiha Diversion and Powerhouse in Figure 8-2. Flow, cubic feet per second 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 95th Percentile 75th Percentile Mean 50th Percentile 25th Percentile Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Figure 8-3. Monthly Stream Flows on Wainiha Stream (Source: USGS). 74 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climactic Data Center, “Climate of Hawaii,” http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/narratives/HAWAII.htm 75 ibid 21 March 2005 8-5 Black & Veatch
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Kaua’i <strong>Island</strong> <strong>Utility</strong> Cooperative<br />
<strong>Renewable</strong> <strong>Energy</strong> <strong>Technology</strong> <strong>Assessments</strong> 8.0 Hydro<br />
Inches of Rainfall<br />
60<br />
50<br />
40<br />
30<br />
20<br />
10<br />
0<br />
Figure 8-1. <strong>Kauai</strong> Average Annual Rainfall Map (source:<br />
http://www.balihai.com/islandinfo/kauai_maps.html).<br />
Mount Waialeale<br />
Wainiha Intake<br />
Wainiha Powerhouse<br />
Makawele<br />
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec<br />
Figure 8-2. Monthly Precipitation at Select Stations in <strong>Kauai</strong>, Average 1970-2002<br />
(Source: University of Hawaii).<br />
73 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climactic Data Center, “Climate of<br />
Hawaii,” http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/narratives/HAWAII.htm<br />
21 March 2005 8-4 Black & Veatch
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