Renewable Energy Technology Assessments - Kauai Island Utility ...

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Kaua’i Island Utility Cooperative Renewable Energy Technology Assessments Table of Contents Table 6-4. Renewable Energy Incentives Summary..................................................... 6-12 Table 7-1. Biomass and WTE Plant Performance Assumptions. ................................. 7-12 Table 7-2. Promising Biomass Fuel Resources on Kauai............................................. 7-12 Table 7-3. Cost Characteristics of Combined Biomass & MSW Plants....................... 7-12 Table 7-4. Biomass Fuel Mix Design. .......................................................................... 7-12 Table 7-5. Comparison of Plant Performance for Biomass and MSW Options. .......... 7-12 Table 7-6 Capital Cost Estimates.................................................................................. 7-12 Table 7-7. Assumptions for O&M Costs. ..................................................................... 7-12 Table 7-8. Biomass and MSW Plant O&M Cost Estimates. ........................................ 7-12 Table 7-9. Biomass Life-Cycle Economic Assumptions ($2005). ............................... 7-12 Table 7-10. MSW Life-Cycle Economic Assumptions ($2005). ................................. 7-12 Table 7-11. MSW/Biomass Life-Cycle Economic Assumptions ($2005).................... 7-12 Table 8-1. Selected Hydro Projects. ............................................................................. 8-12 Table 8-2. Capital and O&M Costs (2005$) for Selected Hydro Projects. .................. 8-12 Table 8-3. Hydro Life-Cycle Economic Assumptions ($2005).................................... 8-12 Table 9-1. Project Option Screening............................................................................. 9-12 Table 9-2. Wind Area Production Estimates. ............................................................... 9-12 Table 9-3. Kauai Wind Project Capital Costs............................................................... 9-12 Table 9-4. Kauai Wind Project Annual O&M Costs. ................................................... 9-12 Table 9-5. Wind Life-Cycle Economic Assumptions ($2005). .................................... 9-12 Table 10-1. LFG Capital Cost Estimate...................................................................... 10-12 Table 10-2. Landfill Gas Life-Cycle Economic Assumptions ($2005)...................... 10-12 Table 11-1. Screening Methodology Scoring Guidelines........................................... 11-12 Table 11-2. Project Performance and Cost Comparison............................................. 11-12 Table 11-3. Fit to KIUC Needs Scoring Results......................................................... 11-12 Table 11-4. Environmental Scoring Results. .............................................................. 11-12 Table 11-5. Socioeconomic Scoring Results. ............................................................. 11-12 Table 11-6. Incentives / Barriers Scoring Criteria...................................................... 11-12 Table 11-7. Incentives / Barriers Screening Results................................................... 11-12 Table 11-8. Scoring Results Breakdown. ................................................................... 11-12 Table 11-9. Scoring Results Breakdown (SORTED by Total Score)......................... 11-12 List of Figures Figure 1-1. Range of Levelized Cost for Renewable Technologies (Three Year Timeframe)..................................................................................................... 1-3 Figure 1-2. Developable Potential of Kauai Renewable Resources. .............................. 1-4 21 March 2005 TC-9 Black & Veatch
Kaua’i Island Utility Cooperative Renewable Energy Technology Assessments Table of Contents Figure 1-3. Change in Technology Screening Scores by Timeframe............................. 1-6 Figure 1-4. Selected Project Locations. .......................................................................... 1-7 Figure 1-5. Levelized Cost Premium Supply Curve..................................................... 1-16 Figure 1-6. Scoring Results Breakdown. ...................................................................... 1-18 Figure 1-7. Break-Even Cost Analysis for Renewable vs. KIUC’s Short Term Avoided Costs. ............................................................................................................ 1-22 Figure 2-1. US Net Renewable Electricity Generation, GWh (1000’s). (EIA 2002) ..... 2-6 Figure 2-2. US Net Renewable Electrical Capacity, GW. (EIA 2002)........................... 2-7 Figure 2-3. Historic Electricity Generation in Kauai (Data: KIUC)............................... 2-8 Figure 3-1. Biomass Sources, Processes, Products, and Markets................................... 3-3 Figure 3-2. 35 MW Biomass Combustion Plant............................................................. 3-4 Figure 3-3. Alholmens Kraft Multi-Fuel CFB (Source: Kvaerner). ............................. 3-12 Figure 3-4. 500 m 3 Digester Treating Manure from a 10,000 Pig Farm in China........ 3-15 Figure 3-5. LFG Well Drilling...................................................................................... 3-19 Figure 3-6. Ethanol Production Facility in Wisconsin.................................................. 3-23 Figure 3-7. Central Wayne Waste to Energy Plant........................................................ 3-33 Figure 3-8. Plasma Arc Torch Operating...................................................................... 3-39 Figure 3-9. 3 MW Small Hydro Plant........................................................................... 3-43 Figure 3-10. CC-OTEC Using the Kalina Cycle (Source: Saga University)................ 3-48 Figure 3-11. Onshore Wave Energy Devices (Source: EU’s Atlas Project)................. 3-51 Figure 3-12. AquaBuOY, Archimedes Wave Swing, PowerBuoy, and Pelamis devices. (Sources: AquaEnergy Group Ltd., AWS BV, Ocean Power Technologies, and Ocean Power Delivery). ............................................................................... 3-53 Figure 3-13. Photovoltaic Solar Panel Installation. ...................................................... 3-58 Figure 3-14. Kauai Solar Insolation (Source: Hawaii Statewide GIS Program). ......... 3-61 Figure 3-15. Parabolic Trough Field (Source: Union of Concerned Scientists)........... 3-63 Figure 3-16. Solar Two Central Receiver Installation.................................................. 3-63 Figure 3-17. Parabolic Dish Receiver (Source: Stirling Energy Systems). .................. 3-64 Figure 3-18. 9 MW Kahuku Wind Farm on Oahu, Now Decommissioned ................. 3-68 Figure 3-19. Kauai Wind Energy Resources, Class 3 and Above. ...................................73 Figure 3-20. Geothermal District Heating Equipment.................................................. 3-74 Figure 3-21. Engine Generator (Source: Caterpillar Corporation). .............................. 3-77 Figure 3-22. Combustion Turbine Section (Source: Langston)................................... 3-79 Figure 3-23. Microturbine Cutaway View (Source: Capstone Turbine Corporation.). 3-82 Figure 3-24. 200 kW Fuel Cell (Source: UTC Fuel Cells)........................................... 3-84 Figure 4-1. Trends in Average Levelized Cost of Energy for Renewable Resources. ... 4-8 Figure 4-2. Range of Levelized Cost for Renewable Technologies. .............................. 4-9 21 March 2005 TC-10 Black & Veatch
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