JAEA-Review-2010-065.pdf:15.99MB - 日本原子力研究開発機構

3-06
Generation New Ornamental Plant Varieties Using
Ion Beams
A. H. Affrida a) , A. Zaiton a) , A. M. Salahbiah a) , S. Shakinah a) , R. Yoshihara b) ,
I. Narumi b) , Y. Hase b) and Y. Oono b)
a) Agrotechnology and Biosciences Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency,
b) Radiation-Applied Biology Division, QuBS, JAEA
Chrysanthemum is one of the leading temperate flowers
in Malaysia, and contributes 22.62% of the total value of cut
1)
flower production . The export values of chrysanthemum
cut flowers are increasing every year. New variety of local
chrysanthemum is needed to reduce dependence on foreign
varieties. The objectives of this research are to develop an
effective method for mutation induction of local varieties
chrysanthemum using ion beams and to determine the
optimum dose for callus formation using petals.
Petals of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv Reagan Red
(Fig. 1) were surface-sterilized and cultured on 6-cm sterile
2)
petri dishes containing MS medium supplemented with
0.5 mg/L α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2.0 mg/L
6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The samples covered with
Kapton films were irradiated with 320 MeV 12 C 6+ ion beams
at 0, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 8.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0 and
30.0 Gray (Gy) from the TIARA AVF Cyclotron. The
irradiated petals were transferred onto fresh media and
incubated at 25 ± 2 o C under 16-hour photoperiod for
proliferation. Data on the number of petals that were able
to produce callus and regenerate into shoots was recorded at
4th and 8th weeks after the irradiation.
The dose response curves at 4th and 8th weeks are shown
in Figs. 2 and 3, respectively. From these curves, petal
survival dose could be determined at week 4, in which more
than 80 percent of the petals produced callus at 6.5 Gy and
below. The percentage of survived petals decreased
drastically at doses above 10 Gy. At this stage, only less
than 35 percent of the cultures for each dose could
regenerate into shoots. Therefore, no significant pattern
could be concluded on the correlation between shoot
regeneration and dose at week 4.
After 8 weeks, the percentages of petals that were able to
maintain callus viability decreased drastically to less than
52% at 15 Gy and higher. At this stage, more cultures
developed shoots or shoot buds. The 80% Regeneration
Dose (RD80) is between 0.5-1.5 Gy. Irradiation dose of
15 Gy and higher was found to adversely affect the
capability of the petal cultures to form shoots as the
percentage of shoot regeneration were less than 5%.
As a conclusion, petal survival dose could be determined
4 weeks after irradiation whilst regeneration dose was
obtained after 8 weeks of irradiation.
References
1) H. J. Lim et al., http://www.fao.org /docrep/005/ac452e
/ac452e06.htm (1998).
JAEA-Review 2010-065
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2) T. Murashige and F. Skoog, Physiol. Plant, 15 (1962)
473.
Fig. 1 Chrysanthemum morifolium cv Reagan Red.
Fig. 2 Percentage of callus formation and shoot
regeneration from petal cultures after 4 weeks of
irradiation.
Fig. 3 Percentage of callus formation and shoot
regeneration from petal cultures after 8 weeks of
irradiation.