JAEA-Conf 2011-002 - 日本原子力研究開発機構

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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 calculation of dislocation movements. In the present study, dislocation segments with edge components were employed. Each segment was subjected to forces resulting from another dislocation segment, dislocation line tension and external stress. A lattice constant, a shear modulus and Poisson’s ratio of Ni were used. A velocity of the segment was determined by a shear stress [17] which was calculated from the summation of the forces exerted. During the DDD simulation, the dislocation was pinned at an obstacle on at the slip plane, and then the dislocation line shape became discontinuous at the pinning point because of a bowing of the other movable segments. When the angle between two dislocation segments connected at the pinning point fell below a critical angle, the two segments were released from the pinning point. To estimate this critical angle, an energy calculation using a model lattice was performed by a static method [18, 19] with an effective medium theory potential for Ni fitted by Jacobsen et al. [20]. A vacancy cluster of 4 vacancies was located near an edge dislocation. To move the dislocation, a shear stress was applied in the [ 1 10] direction and the critical angle was determined to be 65°. Stress-strain curves obtained from the DDD simulation and the yield strength of the model crystal containing voids was higher than that without voids by a factor of 1.33. The PKA energy spectrum analysis to study materials irradiation effects was shown, and as an example of the analysis, the multiscale modeling of the effect of high energy proton irradiation on mechanical property of Ni up to 10 dpa was presented. The result was primitive because many assumptions were made to simplify the calculations. In the Research Reactor Institute, the irradiation experiments with high energy protons by using a fixed filed alternative gradient accelerator are in progress and results to compare with the simulation will be obtained. In these studies, more precise calculation are required as well as an improvement of nuclear data. A part of this study is the result of “Clarification of behaviors of accelerator driven system materials by FFAG accelerator” carried out under the Strategic Promotion Program for Basic Nuclear Research by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, and Grant-in-Aid for Science Research (S), Task No. 19106017 by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. [1] M. Kiritani, T. Yoshiie, S. Kojima, Y. Satoh, Radiation Effect. Defect. Solid., 113, 75-96 (1990). [2] Y. Satoh, T. Yoshiie, M. Kiritani, 1988 Annual Research report of Japanese Contributions for Japan-US collaboration on RTNS-II Utilization, 48-60 (1989). [3] T. Yoshiie, X. Xu, Q. Xu, S. Yanagita and Y. Satoh, Reactor Dosimetry: Radiation Metrology and Assessment, ASTM STP 398, 625-632 (2001). [4] C. M. Logan and E. W. Russel, UCRL-52903, University of Calfornia 1976. [5] L .R. Greenwood, P. K. Smither, ANL/FPP/TM-197, Argonne National Laboratory, 1985. [6] T. Yoshiie, T. Ito, H. Iwase, Y. Kaneko, M. Kawai, I. Kishida, S. Kunieda, K. Sato, S. Shimakawa, F. Shimizu, S. Hashimoto, N. Hashimoto, T. Fukahori , Y. Watanabe, Q. Xu, S. Ishino, Nucl. Inst. Meth. Phys. Res. B, in press. [7] H. Iwase, K. Niita and T. Nakamura, J. Nucl. Sci. Tec., 39, 1142 (2002). [8] Y. Satoh, S. Kojima, T. Yoshiie and M. Kiritani J. Nucl. Mater. ,179-181, 901 (1991). [9] K. Niita, H. Takada, S. Meigo, Y. Ikeda, Nucl. Instrum. Methods, B184, 406 (2001). [10] H. W. Bertini, T. A. Gabriel, T. T. Santoro, et al., ORNL-TM-4134, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (1974). [11] H. Iwase, T. Kurosawa, T. Nakamura, N. Yoshizawa, J. Funabiki, Nucl. Inst. Meth, B183, 374 (2001). [12] K. Niita, S. Chiba, T. Maruyama, H. Takada, T. Fukahori, Y. Nakahara, A. Iwamoto, Phys. Rev., C52, 2620 (1995). [13] M. S. Daw, M. I. Baskes, Phys. Rev. B, 29, 6443 (1984). [14] T. Yoshiie, Q. Xu, K. Sato, K. Kikuchi, M. Kawai, J. Nucl. Mater., 377, 132 (2008). [15] Y. Kaneko, S. Hirota, S. Hashimoto, Key Eng. Mater., 353-358, 1086 (2007). [16] H. M. Zbib, T.D. de la Rubia, M. Rhee, J. P. Hirth: J. Nucl. Mater., 276, 154 (2000). [17] J. P. Hirth, J. Lothe: Theory of Dislocations (A Wiley-Interscience Publication, New York 1982), p.208. [18] E. Kuramoto, K. Ohsawa, T. Tsutsumi, M. Koyanagi, J. Nucl. Mater. 271-272, 26 (1999). [19] K. Sato, T. Yoshiie, T. Ishizaki, Q. Xu, Phys. Rev. B 75, 094109 (2007). [20] K. W. Jacobsen, P. Stoltze, J. K. Norskov, Surf. Sci. 366, 394 (1996).
JAEA-Conf 2011-002 10. Exciton model and quantum molecular dynamics in inclusive nucleon-induced reactions Riccardo BEVILACQUA 1,† , Yukinobu WATANABE 2 , Stephan POMP 1 1 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 516, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden 2 Department of Advanced Energy Engineering Science, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan † email: riccardo.bevilacqua@physics.uu.se We compared inclusive nucleon-induced reactions with two-component exciton model calculations and Kalbach systematics; these successfully describe the production of protons, whereas fail to reproduce the emission of composite particles, generally overestimating it. We show that the Kalbach phenomenological model needs to be revised for energies above 90 MeV; agreement improves introducing a new energy dependence for direct-like mechanisms described by the Kalbach model. Our revised model calculations suggest multiple preequilibrium emission of light charged particles. We have also compared recent neutron-induced data with quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) calculations complemented by the surface coalescence model (SCM); we observed that the SCM improves the predictive power of QMD. 1. Introduction Nuclear power plants for the production of electricity have been in operation since 1954, when the Obninsk facility, in the former Soviet Union, was connected to the grid on the evening of June 26th. Today nuclear energy plays a key role in the global economy. Japan and South Korea have a leading position in the nuclear sector. Third country in the world for nuclear power capacity, Japan is currently operating 55 nuclear reactors; these nuclear reactors generate 30% of the electricity produced in the country. South Korea is producing 40% of its electricity with a network of 20 nuclear reactors. To reduce CO2 emission and to meet an increasing need for energy, governments of Japan and South Korea are considering an expansion of nuclear power capacity, however the issue of nuclear waste disposal needs to be addressed and solved [1]. A possible approach to the nuclear waste issue follows the idea of Carlo Rubbia and his group at CERN; they proposed in 1990’s the concept of Energy Amplifier [2], a device composed by a hadron accelerator coupled to a subcritical reactor. This device would produce energy with a very small production of minor actinides and longlived fission products. In the same years, Charles D. Bowman and coworkers at Los Alamos National Laboratory proposed a transmutation facility for nuclear waste [3]. Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) are a direct evolution of these two concepts. The present leading technology in ADS consists in a subcritical core coupled to a proton accelerator and a spallation target. Hence, transmutation techniques in ADS involve high-energy neutrons, with energies up to 2 GeV created in the proton-induced spallation process. Although a large majority of the neutrons will be below 20 MeV, the effects on the system of the relatively small fraction at higher energies has to be characterized. Above 200 MeV theoretical descriptions, like the intranuclear cascade model, work well and can be used to estimate the needed cross sections, whereas experimental data are required in the energy region between 20 and 200 MeV. Since the beginning of the decade, a large set of neutron-induced double differential cross sections (DDX) were measured in this energy range at the quasi-monoenergetic neutron (QMN) beam line of the The Svedberg Laboratory (TSL), Uppsala (Sweden). Data for light-ion production [4,5,6,7] at 96 MeV QMN have been published for several target materials and are available. New measurements at 175 MeV QMN for production of light charged particles from C, O, Si, Fe, Bi and U have been performed since 2007 and are now under analysis. Proton induced data for production of light-ions in the 20 to 200 MeV region were more extensively measured and are available to scientific community. In the present study we focus on the pre-
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 Proceedings of t
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 31. Preliminary
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Fig.1. Experimental arrangement for
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in this work was confirmed. (2) 153
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Neutron Capture Cross Section of 15
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ENDF resonance parameters are based
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sample changer. The measured flux s
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REFERENCES JAEA-Conf 2011-002 [1] W
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 Fig. 4: The rela
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Fig. 10: The PHITS2 calculation geo
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for such a low energy region should
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MCNPX calculation was performed bas
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 We measured dou
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1mm-thick carbon target 22mm in dia
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 Figure 2 shows e
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The double-differential (n,xp) and
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 forward angles.
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Fig.3. Two-dimensional plot of PI v
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 Fig. 7. Deuteron
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 The new detector
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4. Off line data analysis Double di
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eports of data of carbon-ion incide
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Count [-] 4 10 3 10 2 10 10 1 Charg
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Acknowledgement We are grateful to
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Beam Line BM1 Copper Target BM2 5×
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φ = φbm · ρtof · ρmulti (2) E
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References [1] K. Ishibashi, H. Tak
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 hint at the orig
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Neutron Dose Rate [Sv/hr/src neutro
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 radiation protec
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Ztarget, Atarget are the numbers fo
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We described our formalism for calc
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2. Model
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 reactions. Figur
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 Fig. 3. The angu
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analysis of integral experiments [6
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A modified SRAC library was prepare
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 approximately 0.
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 constructing the
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Fig.9 Spectrum of gamma-ray followi
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 in the same way
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 [7]. For example
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 For
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 (5.0-9.0MeV), a
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components, the 0.56Wt% for hydroge
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Sensitivities of curium isotope con
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decreases of (n,g) reaction rates,
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5. Conclusion JAEA-Conf 2011-002 Wi
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2. Foundation of sensitivity analys
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JAEA-Conf 2011-002 where f g and f
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Fig.1 Sensitivity coefficient of th
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An outline of core configurations o
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0.010% 0.000% -0.010% -0.020% -0.03
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To clarify what nuclides and reacti
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Calculation was performed by the MV
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among these libraries, and the diff
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