Master Planning of Zoos - Central Zoo Authority
Master Planning of Zoos - Central Zoo Authority Master Planning of Zoos - Central Zoo Authority
to collaborate with the Central Zoo Authority in organising the training programme and also make available the services of Mr. B.C.Choudhury to facilitate the proceedings of the training programme. I will not go into the details of the master planning process right now, but would like to tell you that basically, a master plan is developed for the coordinated growth of the zoo’s separate facilities and functions and helps avoid “ad-hoc” development of the zoo. If future decisions about the design and development of the zoo are all made with respect to the precedent and direction of the master plan, the future zoo will likely to be a coherent, site-specific, unique institution that fulfills identified goals. Therefore, the master plan should be a beacon for the development of the zoo. Of course, the master plan should, however, be reviewed and updated at least every five years, to keep up with the on-going changes in the zoo. I am optimistic that the participants will be able to take the full benefit of the presence of 18 international expertise in Dr. Jon Charles Coe who brings in with him the knowledge of master planning of many western zoos and Dr. Bernard Harrison the experiences of a curator and a manager in planning and operation of zoos. Shri S.K.Patnaik who also happens to be the first zoo in-charge in India to bring out a holistic plan of Nandankanan Zoological Park will also be sharing his experience with you in this regard. The present programme has been designed in such a way that I am confident, that the faculty will be able to convey to you regarding the need for future planning and provide you all an insight into the process of planning and developing your zoo. I am thankful to Mr. S. K. Sinha, Director, Nandankanan Zoological Park, Bhubaneswar for agreeing upon to act as the local host for the programme. With these remarks, I once again welcome all of you to the training programme.
Photo: Brij Kishor Gupta Presidential Address by Shri R.P.S. Katwal Additional Director General of Forests (Wildlife) Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India I am extremely happy to be associated with such an important event, the training programme on Master Planning of Zoos. There may be many definitions to the word “Zoo” or “Zoological Garden”, but there are two characteristics that all such institutions have in common. First, they possess and manage a collection consisting primarily of wild (nondomesticated) animals; and secondly, this collection is on display to the public for almost throughout the year. Indian mythology, history and literature are replete with accounts of animals kept by kings and nobles for work, warfare, hunt and entertainment. During the Gupta period (320 B.C- 476 A.D), also called the Golden period of Indian history, the Emperors maintained “ Game Parks” and enacted laws concerning conservation, health and welfare of captive animals. “Buddha Jatakas” have numerous references about taming elephants by Lord Buddha. Scriptures also record the existence of a Deer Park where Buddha gave his first discourse. During the period of Great Mughals, emperor Jahangir maintained a collection of animals and birds and had commissioned Mansoor, a painter, to prepare a folio of paintings of birds and animals. Jahangir described 69 species of animals and 68 species of plants. Travellers to India during that period have described about animals, which were kept for the purpose of warfare, parades and sport. The history of public zoos in India, however, is about 200 years old. During the British colonial period, the first zoo was set up in 1800 A.D by the then Governor General Lord Wellesley at Barrackpore, a suburb of Kolkata, on the banks of Hoogly River. The zoo had in its collection a variety of mammals, birds and also reptiles. Originally, set up as part of the Indian Natural History, the zoo is known to have existed for almost three quarters of the 19th century until Lord Lytton handed over the surviving animals to Calcutta Zoo in Alipore during 1876-1878. In India, the zoo movement received an impetus after independence. In 1952, the then Indian Board for Wildlife (now re-designated as the National Board for Wildlife) recommended for setting up of a modern zoo at Delhi. The main features conceived were large enclosures with nature immersing exhibits without visible barriers. The Zoo was opened to public in the year 1959. Simultaneously, a huge influence in the role change and animal management techniques of zoos also 19
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to collaborate with the <strong>Central</strong> <strong>Zoo</strong> <strong>Authority</strong> in<br />
organising the training programme and also make<br />
available the services <strong>of</strong> Mr. B.C.Choudhury to<br />
facilitate the proceedings <strong>of</strong> the training<br />
programme.<br />
I will not go into the details <strong>of</strong> the master planning<br />
process right now, but would like to tell you that<br />
basically, a master plan is developed for the<br />
coordinated growth <strong>of</strong> the zoo’s separate facilities<br />
and functions and helps avoid “ad-hoc”<br />
development <strong>of</strong> the zoo. If future decisions about<br />
the design and development <strong>of</strong> the zoo are all made<br />
with respect to the precedent and direction <strong>of</strong> the<br />
master plan, the future zoo will likely to be a<br />
coherent, site-specific, unique institution that<br />
fulfills identified goals. Therefore, the master plan<br />
should be a beacon for the development <strong>of</strong> the zoo.<br />
Of course, the master plan should, however, be<br />
reviewed and updated at least every five years, to<br />
keep up with the on-going changes in the zoo.<br />
I am optimistic that the participants will be able<br />
to take the full benefit <strong>of</strong> the presence <strong>of</strong><br />
18<br />
international expertise in Dr. Jon Charles Coe who<br />
brings in with him the knowledge <strong>of</strong> master<br />
planning <strong>of</strong> many western zoos and Dr. Bernard<br />
Harrison the experiences <strong>of</strong> a curator and a<br />
manager in planning and operation <strong>of</strong> zoos. Shri<br />
S.K.Patnaik who also happens to be the first zoo<br />
in-charge in India to bring out a holistic plan <strong>of</strong><br />
Nandankanan <strong>Zoo</strong>logical Park will also be sharing<br />
his experience with you in this regard.<br />
The present programme has been designed in such<br />
a way that I am confident, that the faculty will be<br />
able to convey to you regarding the need for future<br />
planning and provide you all an insight into the<br />
process <strong>of</strong> planning and developing your zoo.<br />
I am thankful to Mr. S. K. Sinha, Director,<br />
Nandankanan <strong>Zoo</strong>logical Park, Bhubaneswar for<br />
agreeing upon to act as the local host for the<br />
programme.<br />
With these remarks, I once again welcome all <strong>of</strong><br />
you to the training programme.