Master Planning of Zoos - Central Zoo Authority

Proceedings of
Training Programme
Master Planning
of Zoos
l Vector and pest control:- ticks, lice, mosquitoes, flies, cockroaches, snails,
rodents, crows, cats, stray dogs, etc. are the constant companions/intruders to
zoo animals/premises and many of them act as vectors of transmissible diseases.
Their periodical eradication has to be on the top agenda in any zoo.
l Prevention of ill effects of inbreeding:- ill-effects of inbreeding like stillbirths,
congenital anomalies, early mortality, abortion and infertility can be
minimized or eliminated by planned breeding programme.
Disease control measures
l Disease is the manifestation of disturbances in the normal physiological
process leading to structural and functional alterations in the cells of a living
body of an individual and arise as an aftermath to the collusion between
pathological agents and a susceptible host.
l All diseases are influenced by several factors such as environment around
the host (air, water, food, climate, space for movement and social surroundings
etc.), inherent resistance, senility
l Proper understanding regarding the pathogenesis and as how exactly the
extraneous factors interfere with health is essential in order to institute effective
disease control measures zoo animals like the domestic animals suffer from
various kinds of diseases. Prompt and accurate diagnosis of diseases of sick
zoo animals is essential for adopting appropriate preventive and therapeutic
measures in time
A disease may have the following stages:
Host
animal
or bird
Incubation or pre -
pathogenesis
which may be
apparent or subclinical
Symptoms observed
(Clinical stage
which may be mild,
moderate or severe)
Treatment
or
vaccination
or both
Recovers
or Dies
Many wild animals have their domestic counter parts which should be taken
into account along with their habits, behaviour, body weight and size while
managing the disease problems
EXAMPLES
• CATTLE AND
BUFFALOES
• SHEEP AND GOAT
• HORSE AND ASS
• PIG
• DOG
• CAT
• POULTRY
• DUCK
• DEER, WILD BOVIDS
• SMALL ANTELOPES, WILD
SHEEP AND GOAT.
• WILD ASS, ZEBRA
• WILD PIG, WART HOG,
PECCARIES
• WILD CANIDS
• WILD FELIDS
• WILD FOWL
• WILD DUCK, GEESE, SWAN
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